BIO – Chapter 10 – Flashcards
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If formerly interbreeding organisms are prevented from the production of fertile offspring, ___________ has occurred.
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reproductive isolation
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Prokaryotes are classified into _________ domain(s).
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2
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What is the approximate age of Earth?
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4.6 billion years
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_________________ produces new species and _________________ takes them away.
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Speciation; extinction
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Which of the following taxonomic ranks is least inclusive?
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genus
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Polyploidy as mechanism of speciation occurs most commonly in which of the following life forms?
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plants
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To which one of the following is the bat's wing NOT homologous?
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the dragonfly's wing
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Speciation without geographic isolation is called:
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sympatric speciation.
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The honeycreepers are a group of Hawaiian birds with many different species that all evolved from a single species that migrated from the Americas. The speciation of the honeycreepers is most likely to be an example of which pattern of evolution?
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adaptive radiation
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Sequencing DNA from different organisms has been a breakthrough for phylogenetics because:
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we now have a method to determine the relatedness of organisms that leave no fossils.
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Different organisms with an identical specific epithet, such as Drosophila melanogaster and Thamnophis melanogaster, are related to each other at the level of:
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No particular relationship is implied by the fact that two organisms have identical specific epithets
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The biological species concept:
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defines a species as any group of actually or potentially interbreeding species that produce viable offspring.
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Much of what is known about the history of the origin of life came from
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the study of fossils
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The pace of evolution in which there is little change for long periods of time interrupted by short periods with major changes is called:
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punctuated equilibrium.
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Which of the following molecules was NOT present in the pre-biotic environment?
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molecular oxygen (O2)
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The evolutionary history of groups of organisms is known as:
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phylogeny.
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A population of organisms that breaks away and becomes different from the original population through isolation and separate evolution might eventually become a separate:
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species.
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Systematics is:
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the study of the diversity of life to understand its evolutionary history.
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A population of organisms that breaks away and becomes different from the original population through isolation and separate evolution might eventually become a separate:
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species.
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The honeycreepers are a group of Hawaiian birds with many different species that all evolved from a single species that migrated from the Americas. The speciation of the honeycreepers is most likely to be an example of which pattern of evolution?
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adaptive radiation
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In one sense, microevolution is ___________________ and macroevolution is _________________.
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process; result
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__________________ isolating mechanisms include hybrid mortality and hybrid infertility.
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Postzygotic
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A phylogenetic tree
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is a hypothesis about evolutionary relationship.
