question

Some Web-based encrypted e-mail systems—such as the popular free ____ service—require both the sender and recipient to have accounts through that system.

answer

HushMail

question

A ____ provides a secure private tunnel from the user's computer through the Internet to another destination and is most often used to provide remote employees with secure access to a company network.

answer

virtual private network

question

____ are acts of malicious destruction to a computer or computer resource.

answer

Computer sabotage

question

A computer that is controlled by a hacker or other computer criminal is referred to as a ____.

answer

bot

question

____ is a generic term that refers to any type of malicious software.

answer

Malware

question

A computer ____ is a software program that is installed without the permission or knowledge of the computer user, that is designed to alter the way a computer operates, and that can replicate itself to infect any new media it has access to.

answer

virus

question

Like a computer virus, a ____ is a malicious program designed to cause damage.

answer

computer worm

question

A ____ is a malicious program that masquerades as something else—usually as some type of application program.

answer

Trojan horse

question

A computer ____ spreads by creating copies of its code and sending those copies to other computers via a network.

answer

worm

question

____ occurs when someone obtains enough information about a person to be able to masquerade as that person for a variety of activities—usually to buy products or services in that person's name.

answer

Identity theft

question

____ can be extremely distressing for victims, can take years to straighten out, and can be very expensive.

answer

Identity theft

question

Phishing schemes may use a technique called ____, which is setting up spoofed Web sites with addresses slightly different from legitimate sites.

answer

typosquatting

question

____ is a type of scam that uses spoofed domain names to obtain personal information for use in fraudulent activities.

answer

Farming

question

The best protection against many dot cons is ____.

answer

common sense

question

Repeated threats or other harassment carried out online between adults is referred to as ____.

answer

cyberstalking

question

Computer crime is sometimes referred to as ____.

answer

cybercrime

question

____ occurs whenever an individual gains access to a computer, network, file, or other resource without permission.

answer

Unauthorized access

question

____ refers to the act of breaking into a computer or network.

answer

Hacking

question

Advocates of ____ state that, unless individuals or businesses protect their access points, they are welcoming others to use them.

answer

war driving

question

The term ____ refers to accessing someone else's unsecured Wi-Fi network from the hacker's current location (such as inside his or her home, outside a Wi-Fi hotspot location, or near a local business).

answer

Wi-Fi piggybacking

question

____, the most commonly used type of possessed knowledge, are secret words or character combinations associated with an individual.

answer

Passwords

question

____ access systems use physical objects for identification purposes and they are frequently used to control access to facilities and computer systems.

answer

Possessed object

question

____ identify users by a particular unique biological characteristic.

answer

Biometric access systems

question

A ____ is a security system that essentially creates a wall between a computer or network and the Internet in order to protect against unauthorized access.

answer

firewall

question

____ uses a single secret key to both encrypt and decrypt the file or message.

answer

Private key encryption

question

____ are small programs that take care of software-specific problems, or bugs, such as security holes.

answer

Patches

question

Creating a ____ means making a duplicate copy of important files so that when a problem occurs, you can restore those files using the copy.

answer

backup

question

To supplement backup procedures, businesses and other organizations should have a(n) ____.

answer

disaster recovery plan

question

A(n) ____ is an alternate location equipped with the computers, cabling, desks, and other equipment necessary to keep a business's operations going.

answer

hot site

question

The term ____ refers to the rights of individuals and companies to control how information about them is collected and used.

answer

information privacy

question

____ are used for marketing purposes, such as sending advertisements that fit each individual's interests or trying to sign people up over the phone for some type of service.

answer

Marketing databases

question

A marketing activity that can be considered a privacy risk is ____.

answer

electronic profiling

question

Collecting in-depth information about an individual is known as ____.

answer

electronic profiling

question

Most businesses and Web sites that collect personal information have a(n) ____ that discloses how the personal information you provide will be used.

answer

privacy policy

question

When spam is sent via IM it is called ____.

answer

spim

question

For online shopping, signing up for free offers, discussion groups, product registration, and other activities that typically lead to junk e-mail, use a disposable or ____.

answer

throw-away e-mail address

question

One common way to deal with spam that makes it to your computer is to use a(n) ____.

answer

e-mail filter

question

By ____, you instruct companies you do business with that they cannot share your personal data with third parties.

answer

opting out

question

____ is used specifically for the purpose of recording keystrokes or otherwise monitoring someone's computer activity.

answer

Computer monitoring software

question

____ is the use of video cameras to monitor activities of individuals, such as employees or individuals in public locations, for work-related or crime-prevention purposes.

answer

Video surveillance

question

____ cameras are also increasingly being installed in schools in the United States and other countries to enable administrators to monitor both teacher and student activities.

answer

Video Surveillance

question

____ refers to companies recording or observing the actions of employees while on the job.

answer

Employee monitoring

question

For monitoring the physical locations of employees, video cameras can be used, but another possibility is the use of ____.

answer

proximity cards

question

Our networked society has raised a number of ____ concerns.

answer

privacy

question

Hardware loss, as well as other security issues, can result from hardware damage (both intentional and accidental) and ____.

answer

system failure

question

Although many of us may prefer not to think about it, ____—the complete malfunction of a computer system—and other types of computer-related disasters do happen.

answer

system failure

question

To facilitate using a computer lock, nearly all computers today come with a ____—a small opening built into the system unit case designed for computer locks.

answer

security slot

question

____ can be used to secure portable computers, external hard drives, and other portable pieces of hardware to a table or other object.

answer

Cable locks

question

One recent development in new technology is ____ that can remove contaminants from water sources.

answer

nonparticles

question

A(n) ____ computer uses light, such as from laser beams or infrared beams, to perform digital computations.

answer

optical

question

While some researchers are working on developing an all-optical computer, others believe that a mix of optical and electronic components, referred to as an ____ computer, may be the best bet for the future.

answer

opto-electronic

question

One new improvement to videoconferencing technology to make it more closely mimic a real-time meeting environment is ____ conferencing.

answer

telepresence

question

Power over Ethernet (PoE) allows both ____ power and data to be sent over standard Ethernet cables.

answer

electrical

question

The speed and distance of a Wi-Fi network depends on a variety of factors, such as the particular Wi-Fi standard and ____.

answer

the number of solid objects between the access point and PC (walls, doors); interference from devices using radio frequencies (baby monitors, microwave ovens); the hardware being used

question

____ applications that exist in some form today include intelligent agents, expert systems, neural networks, and robotics.

answer

Artificial intelligence

question

____ provide help or assistance for a particular application program. Some can detect when the user might be having trouble with the program and automatically offer appropriate advice.

answer

Application assistants

question

The ____ Web is a predicted evolution of the current Web in which all Web content is stored in formats that are more easily read by software applications and intelligent agents.

answer

Semantic

question

One example of a neural network is a(n) ____ system that uses cameras to inspect objects and make determinations-for example, the systems that check products for defects at manufacturing plants.

answer

vision

question

When using a(n) ____ system, it is important to realize that its conclusions are based on the data and rules stored in its knowledge base, as well as the information provided by the users.

answer

expert

question

____ is the process of connecting the brain with a computer, such as implanting electrodes directly into the brain to restore lost functionality to or facilitate the communications of severely disabled individuals.

answer

BCI

question

Privacy-rights advocates worry that the ____ could someday be used by the government to track citizens.

answer

VeriChip

question

____ is involved with the development of robotic prosthetic arms that feel, look, and perform like natural arms, which will be used by military personnel who are injured in the line of duty.

answer

DARPA

question

An emerging military robotic application is the ____ suit, which is a wearable robotic system designed to give an individual additional physical capabilities and protection.

answer

exoskeleton

question

Telesurgery is typically ____ than normal surgery.

answer

less invasive and more precise

question

Typically, 3D chips are created by layering individual ____ wafers on top of one another with a special machine that uses cameras to align the wafers properly.

answer

silicon

question

Designed initially for mobile phones and other portable devices, an IMOD screen is essentially a complex mirror that uses ____ light to display images.

answer

external

question

To record data, holographic storage systems split the light from a blue laser beam into two beams-a ____ beam whose angle determines the address used to store data at that particular location on the storage medium and a signal beam that contains the data.

answer

reference

question

With holographic storage systems, the signal beam passes through a device called a ____ light modulator (SLM) which translates the data's 0s and 1s into a hologram.

answer

spatial

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