Barber Academy Chapter 11 – Flashcards
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Trichology is the scientific study of_________, including its care and disorders.
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hair
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The main component of hair is a __________ called keratin.
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protein
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The part of the hair that extends above the skin surface is the_________.
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hair shaft
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The portion of the hair that enclosed within the follicle is the_________.
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hair root
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The dermal papilla is surrounded by the__________.
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hair follicle
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Hair's natural tendency to flow to one side is called the _________.
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hair stream
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The hair bulb is the__________.
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lower part of the hair root
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The dermal papilla supplies________ to the tissue that lines the hair follicle.
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oxygen and nutrients
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The_________ glands secrete sebum.
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sebaceous
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Sebum production is not affected by__________.
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exercise
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The arrector pili is a minute,_________ in the skin attached to the underside and base of the hair follicle.
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involuntary muscle fiber
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The hair shaft consists of__________ main layers.
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three
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Swelling the hair raises the________ of the cuticle layer and opens the spaces between them, allowing liquids to penetrate.
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scales
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Oxidation tints and other chemicals hair products must have a pH_________.
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above 7.0
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The cortex is the________ layer of the hair.
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middle
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The_________ accounts for about 90 percent of the hair's weight.
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cortex
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Hair that is missing the medulla is_________.
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naturally blond
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Hair_______ mature in a process called keratinization.
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follicles
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Visible Hair is not made up of_____________________.
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keratinized carbohydrate
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Protein makes up________ percent of hair.
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91
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The elements in human________ are sulfur, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen.
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hair,skin and nails
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The chemical composition of average hair is__________ percent carbon.
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51
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_________ are made up of amino acids.
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proteins
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Amino acids are joined_________ by peptide bonds.
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end-to-end
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The strongest chemical bonds in the cortex are__________ bonds.
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peptide
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The polypeptide chains intertwine around each other to create a coil or spiral of__________.
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protein
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In the_________, polypeptide chain are linked to each other by side bonds.
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cortex
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The three different types of__________ bonds are hydrogen, salt and disulfide.
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side
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________ side bonds are easily broken by water or heat.
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Hydrogen
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When_________ bonds are broken through overstretching or the use of strong acidic or alkaline solutions, the hair can be weakened or damaged to the point of breakage.
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even a few
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Hydrogen bonds add________ to the hair and keep parallel polypeptide chains together.
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body
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Hydrogen bonds may be broken by_________.
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water, dilute alkaline solutions, and neutral solutions
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Salt bonds depend on pH and account for_________ of the hair's total strength.
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one-third
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Disulfide bonds are the________ side bonds in the cortex.
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strongest
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The atoms of neighboring___________ amino acids that joined together by disulfide bonds are atoms of sulfur.
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cysteine
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Ammonium thioglycolate permanent waves and_________ chemical hair relaxers break disulfide bonds.
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sodium hydroxide
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Black and brown hair colors are provided by_________.
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eumelanin
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Red through light blond color hair is provided by_______.
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pheomelanin
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Natural hair color is the result of the__________ pigment found within the cortex.
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melanin
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Blonds have approximately_________ hairs on the head.
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140000
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Vellus or lanugo hair is________ and appears nearly everywhere on the body.
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short and fine
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Secondary terminal hair doesn't appears on the__________.
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palms
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Healthy hair on the scalp grow about 1/2 _________.
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inch per month
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Hair growth is not increased by any of the following except__________.
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the time of the year
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A tuft of hair standing straight up is known as a ________.
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cowlick
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During the________ phase, the hair bulb disappears.
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catagen
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During the__________ phase, the hair is shed.
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telogen
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At any given time, about_________ percent of scalp hair is growing in the anagen phase.
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90
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Hair texture is measured by the diameter of the hair strand and is classified as coarse,________, or fine.
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medium
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Hair with a__________ texture has the largest diameter.
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coarse
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Fine hair is_______.
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is most likely to be damaged by chemical services
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Density is the number of hair strands________ on the scalp.
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per square inch
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The hair's________ is its ability to absorb moisture.
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porosity
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Resistant hair has________ porosity.
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low
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Wet hair with_________ elasticity can stretch up to 50 percent of its original length and return to that length without breaking.
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normal
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Alopecia is the technical term for_________.
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any abnormal hair loss
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_______ is hair loss that occurs as a result of genetics, age, and hormonal changes that cause the miniaturization of terminal hair, converting it to vellus hair.
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Androgenic alopecia
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Androgenic alopecia in men is also called__________.
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male pattern baldness
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Alopecia________ is characterized by hair falling out in round patches.
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areata
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________ is a topical treatment that is applied to the scalp twice a day.
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Minoxidil
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Finasteride is________.
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an oral medication for hair loss
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Dandruff is technically known as_________.
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pityriasis
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Scalp irritation,________, and an itchy scalp are characteristic of pityriasis capitis simplex.
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large dry flakes
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_______ that stick to the scalp in patches are characteristic of pityriasis steatoides.
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Greasy or waxy scales
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________ is a fungal infection that occurs chiefly over the bearded areas.
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Tinea sycosis
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_______ on the scalp are symptoms of tinea favosa.
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Dry, sulphur-yellow, cuplike crust
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Animal parasites cause_________ and scabies.
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Pediculosis capitis
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Sycosis vulgaris,_________ and pseudofolliculitis barbae are staphylococcal infections involving the follicles.
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folliculitis
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The technical term for a_________ is furuncle.
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boil
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Pseudofolliculitis barbae is referred to as"__________."
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razor bumps
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________ is abnormal hair growth and can be treated in the barbershop.
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Hypertrichosis
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________ is caused by loss of natural melanin.
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Canities
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Split ends are called___________.
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trichoptilosis
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Brittle hair is technically known as_________.
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fragilitas crinium
