It is natural to feel down sometimes, but if that low mood lingers after a day it could signal depression. Depression is not a sign of weakness or a negative personality. It is a major public health problem and it is a treatable condition (Web MD, 2005-2018)
Depression is a serious illness . There are a variety of causes including genetics, biological, environmental, and psychological factors. It can happen at any age . Often seen mostly in women, teens , and young adults. Depression is one part of bipolar disorder (MedlinePlus, 2018). People refuse to get help due to the likely possibility of being labeled. Millions of people worldwide report feeling depressed instead of reaching out for help, they would rather just coexist (Web MD, 2005-2018).
Signs and Symptoms
Sad moods with increased or decreased appetite, disturbed sleep (insomnia or
...hypersomnia), inability to concentrate, loss of sensation in pleasurable activities, restlessness, energy level changes, and even suicidal thoughts. Noting the client’s physical appearance and watch for signs of neglect. Listening for response time and pace of speech. Wringing of hands are noted as signs of anxiety. Ask the client if he or she can identify any changes in their activity.
He or she may not be able to identify any due to the length of time in which they have not participated. One of the most reliable suicidal assessment techniques is to as the client, bluntly “Do you feel like killing yourself?” Some clients will conceal their suicidal thoughts and provide vague verbal and behavioral clues or assume that others are aware of their despair but have chosen to ignore it (Smith, 2018).
There some conditions that mimic depression. Suc
as hypothyroidism, brain tumor, alcohol or sedation abuse, stimulant withdrawal, and chronic hypoxia. Some side effects of drug therapy such as corticosteroids, antihypertensives, methyldopa, and propranolol also mimic depression (Smith, 2018). In these cases, your provider will run some neurologic imaging test to eliminate the possibilities of those mimicking disorders.
Postpartum depression symptoms can start during pregnancy, labor, or within 12 months after giving birth. Intense feelings of inadequacy inability to cope ,and unworthiness are noted. Overwhelming fatigue and the new mother may be contemplating harming herself or the infant (Kincheloe, 2018). Depressed people are more likely to attempt suicide.
Warning signs include talking about death or suicide, threatening to hurt people, or engaging in aggressive or risky behavior. Anyone who appears suicidal should be taken very seriously (Web MD, 2005-2018). In all cases, people who are suicidal are ambivalent, they would choose life rather than death if they held some hope for the future. Talking with someone who is supportive is one means of deterring the suicidal intent However, despite conscientious efforts to prevent suicide, some people cannot be stopped (Smith, 2018).
In younger children, symptoms of depression may include sadness, irritability, clinginess, worry aches and pains refusing to go to school, or being underweight. In teens, symptoms may include sadness, feeling negative and worthless, anger, poor performance or poor attendance at school, feeling understood and extremely sensitive using drugs and alcohol. Eating or sleeping too much, self-harming, and loss of interest in normal activities.
Treatment
The categories of drugs used to relieve the symptoms of depression are tricycle antidepressants (TCA), monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs), reuptake inhibitors such as selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs) may be prescribed (Smith, 2018).
Talking with therapists to discuss various coping mechanisms could potentially improve the client’s mood.
Without treatment physical and emotional turmoil brought on by depression can derail careers, hobbies, and relationships (Web MD, 2005-2018). Some adverse reaction of the medications includes dry mouth, episodes of orthostatic hypotension, and drowsiness. The inability to deal with the unpleasantness of these adverse reactions is one reason that clients stop taking antidepressants before they experience a therapeutic response (Smith, 2018).
- Nursing Interventions
- Encourage open expression of feelings .
- Encourage physical activities at least 30 minutes per da.
- Encourage the child to take an active role in self-care and other activities.
- Encourage interaction with peers.
- Teach effective coping mechanisms, such as guided imagery and relaxation techniques.
- Patient and Family Teaching
- Pay attention to child’s feelings .
- Try to maintain normal routine.
- Do not punish mistakes or lack of progress ( (Anxiety and Depression Association of America, 2010-2018).
- Watch for signs for suicide. (Giving away possessions and self-harm)
Conclusion
Over the years there has been such a huge stigma on asking for help. Being label as sick, depressed or needing a therapist for any health-related issues were frowned upon. Therapy is healthy and helpful. With treatment clients can live their life to the fullest. Do yourself a favor? Seek help. Your life could depend on it!
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