question

1. Cells in different tissues vary considerably. Which of the following determines a cell's specialized function? A) The number of cells of that type B) Size C) Shape D) Which gene it uses E) The requirements of the body in a particular situation

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D) Which gene it uses

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An adult human body has about A) 200 million cells B) 750 million cells C) 1 trillion cells D) 75 trillion cells E) 1 quadrillion cells

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D) 75 trillion cells

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Endoplasmic reticulum is best described as a A)Formless liquid B) cellular inclusion C) network of interconnected membranes D) thread that sticks out from the cell membrane E) the genetic headquarters of the cell

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C) network of interconnected membranes

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Ribosomes are composed largely of protein and A) RNA B) DNA C) Lipid D) Carbohydrate E) Water

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A) RNA

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A nucleolus is composed largely of A) RNA and DNA B) RNA and lipid C) DNA and protein D) DNA and lipid E) RNA and protein

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RNA and protein

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Vesicles are formed by folding of the A) lysosomal membrane B) nuclear membrane C) cell membrane D) Endoplasmic reticulum E) Golgi Apparatus

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C) cell membrane

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A composite cell has three basic parts. They are the A) nucleus, ribosomes, and mitochondria B) cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm C) cell membrane, ion channels and cytoplasm D) nucleus, Golgi apparatus and endoplasmic reticulum E) centrioles, mitochondria and chloroplasts

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B) cell membrane, nucleus, and cytoplasm

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Clusters of ribosomes in the cytoplasm are called A) mitochondria B) inclusions C) polysomes D) polysaccharides E) microtubules

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C) polysomes

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Two functions of the cell membrane are A) housing the DNA and accessing the DNA B) enabling the cell to communicate and attach the other cells C) to produce and break down secretions D) to provide cellular energy and to produce mitochondria E) to move the cell and help it to divide

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B) enabling the cell to communicate and attach the other cells

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Which of the following is not a component of the cell membrane's structure? A) proteins B) lipids C) cholesterol D) glycerol E) glycogen

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E) glycogen

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The interior of a cell membrane is oily because A) the membrane B) the phospholipid tails are made of fatty acids C) the phospholipid heads are made of fatty acids D) the secretary network passes oils to the outside of the cell E) the secretory network captures oils from outside the cell

answer

B) the phospholipid tails are made of fatty acids

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Membrane proteins are classified by their A) position B) size C) abundance D) amino acid diversity E) oiliness

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A) position

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A glycoprotein that extends from the surface of a cell may A) indicate whether protein synthesis is taking place in the cell B) combine with other glycoproteins to form cilia C) mark the cell as belonging to a particular type of tissue or organ in a particular person D) dip back inside the cell if a person contracts an infection E) form a lipid bilayer

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C) mark the cell as belonging to a particular type of tissue or organ in a particular person

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The rods and tubules of the cytoskeleton are built of A) carbohydrates B) cilia C) lipids D) protein E) endoplasmic reticulum

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D) protein

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Which type of cell has many mitochondria? A) red blood cell B) fat C) nerve D) skin E) muscle

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E) muscle

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The activity that place on ribosomes is A) protein synthesis B) DNA synthesis C) carbohydrate synthesis D) energy acquisition E) cell division

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A) protein synthesis

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The organelle that houses enzymes that degrade cellular debris is the A) lysosome B) peroxisome C) mitochondrion D) nucleus E) Golgi apparatus

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A) lysosome

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A the of cell that has a flagellum is a(n) A) egg B) sperm C) nerve cell D) muscle cell E) white blood cell

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B) sperm

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A cell membrane is composed mostly of A) DNA and RNA B) carbohydrates and lipids C) proteins and nucleic acids D) sugars and starches E) proteins and lipids

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E) proteins and lipids

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Attached to the surfaces of rough endoplasmic reticulum are A) nucleoli B) ribosomes C) chromosomes D) lysosomes E) cell membranes

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B) ribosomes

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The process that kidneys use to cleanse blood is A) filtration B) active transport C) exocytosis D) facilitated diffusion E) protein synthesis

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A) filtration

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A ligand is a molecule that enters a cell using A) active transport B) exocytosis C) receptor-mediated endocytosis D) pinocytosis E) passive diffusion

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C) receptor-mediated endocytosis

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A centrosome consists of two structures called A) centrioles B) centromeres C) nuclei D) vesicles E) chromosomes

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A) centrioles

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If the concentration of glucose in the water outside of a cell is higher than the concentration inside A) water will tend to enter the cell by osmosis B) water will tend to leave the cell by osmosis C) glucose will tend to enter the cell by osmosis D) glucose will tend to leave the cell by osmosis E) nucleoli

answer

B) water will tend to leave the cell by osmosis

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Movement of molecules through a membrane by filtration depends upon A) osmotic pressure B) barometric pressure C) atmospheric pressure D) oncotic pressure E) hydrostatic pressure

answer

E) hydrostatic pressure

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If a solution outside of a cell contains a greater concentration of dissolved particles than the contents of the cell, the solution is said to be A) isotonic B) iso-osmotic C) hypertonic D) hypotonic E) isometric

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C) hypertonic

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Mitochondria A) manufacture protein B) release energy from glucose molecules C) digest lipid molecules D) are in the nucleus E) can substitute for nuclei

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B) release energy from glucose molecules

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Which of the following is isotonic to red blood cells? A) 0.9 percent NaCl solution B) distilled water C) 0.9 percent glucose solution D) 0.5 percent glucose solution E) 1.4 percent galactose solution

answer

A) 0.9 percent NaCl solution

question

The process by which glucose can pass through a membrane using special carrier proteins is called A) facilitated transport B) osmosis C) active transport D)endocytosis E) diffusion

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A) facilitated transport

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The mechanism of membrane transport that requires an input of energy is A) passive transport B) active transport C) facilitated diffusion D) passive diffusion E) active diffusion

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B) active transport

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The process that moves sodium ions from where they are not very concentrated inside a cell to where they are much more concentrated outside the cell is called A) osmosis B) facilitated diffusion C) active transport D) exocytosis E) diffusion

answer

C) active transport

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Tiny droplets of fluid can enter and cross a cell membrane from the outside in a process called A) phagocytosis B) active transport C) passive transport D) pinocytosis E) receptor-mediated endocytosis

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D) pinocytosis

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The series of changes that a cell undergoes from when it forms to when it divides is called A) mitosis B) interphase C) apoptosis D) the cell cycle E) cell death

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D) the cell cycle

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Nerve cells release neurotransmitters using A) exocytosis B) endocytosis C) pinocytosis D) phagocytosis E) cytocytosis

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A) exocytosis

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An organelle type that is built of microtubules and fringes the free surfaces of certain cell types is a A) cilium B) nucleolus C) vesicle D) endoplasmic reticulum E) cell tail

answer

A) cilium

question

White blood cells that take in particles and cellular debris are termed A) pinocytes B) erythrocytes C) phagocytes D) ligands E) endocytes

answer

C) phagocytes

question

Adrenoleukodystrophy is an inborn error of metabolism that causes brain degeneration starting at age 5 or 6. The defeat is in peroxisomes. This is an organelle that A) contains DNA B) enables a cell to extract energy from nutrient molecules C) enables a cell to move D) houses several types of enzymes E) stores fat

answer

D) houses several types of enzymes

question

Centromeres pull apart during A) anaphase B) prophase C) metaphase D) telophase E) apoptosis

answer

A) anaphase

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A typical cell has ion channels that number in the A) hundreds B) thousands C) millions D) billions E) trillions

answer

B) thousands

question

Which of the following lists includes the phases of mitosis in the correct sequence? A) prophase, metaphase, telophase, anaphase B) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophases C) telophase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase D) anaphase, metaphase, prophase, telophase E) meiosis, mitosis, apoptosis

answer

B) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophases

question

Because of mitosis and cytoplasmic division, the resulting cells have A) Identical chromosomes but different DNA information B) identical DNA information but different chromosomes C) identical chromosomes and identical DNA information D) different chromosomes and different DNA information E) random numbers of chromosomes

answer

C) identical chromosomes and identical DNA information

question

Cells that retain the ability to divide without specializing are called A) progenitor cells B) apoptotic cells C) stem cells D) differentiated cells E) mitotic cells

answer

C) stem cells

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During the metaphase of mitosis, chromosomes A) line up between the centrioles B) unwind to form chromatin C) migrate to opposite poles of the cell D) are surrounded by a nuclear membrane E) are selectively released from the cell

answer

A) line up between the centrioles

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Apoptosis is A) a form of secretion B) a form of cell division C) an abnormal form of development D) a response to injury E) a form of cell death

answer

E) a form of cell death

question

Which of the following is not a characteristic step in a cell undergoing apoptosis? A) the cell rounds up and bulges B) the cell retains he ability to divide continuously C) chromatin condenses and enzymes cut the chromosomes into- equal sized pieces D) the cell shatters into membrane enclosed fragments

answer

B) the cell retains he ability to divide continuously

question

Which of the following describes a cleavage furrow? A) cellular constriction that occurs during interphase B) cellular constriction that occurs towards the end of mitosis C) cellular constriction that forms four cells from one D) A partitioning of the nucleus E) Cellular constriction that forms as mitosis begins

answer

B) cellular constriction that occurs towards the end of mitosis

question

In Krabbe disease, an enzyme is abnormal or absent in the A) centromeres B) lysosomes C) cilia D) peroxisomes E) nucleus

answer

B) lysosomes

question

The phases of the cell cycle are A) interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis B) interphase, mitosis and meiosis C) prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase D) intraphase, meiosis, and telophase E) different in different cell types

answer

A) interphase, mitosis and cytokinesis

question

Spread of cancer cells beyond the tissue where they originated is called A) mitosis B) apoptosis C) metastasis D) angiogenesis E) meiosis

answer

C) metastasis

question

Tina has a sunburn. A week later, the skin on her arm burnt shoulder peels away. The cells are undergoing A) apoptosis B) mitosis C) metastasis D)secretion E) signal transduction

answer

A) apoptosis

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