Leonardo da Vinci – Flashcards
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Girl with a Pearl Earring was painted by this Dutch artist.
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Johannes Vermeer
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Winslow Homer's Prisoners from the Front was based on his personal experiences during and after the Civil War.
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True
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Winslow Homer's Prisoners from the Front (1866) was intended to call for ________.
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reconcilliation after the Civil War
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Eugene Delacroix's painting The Massacre at Chios was intended to:
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Portraythe Turks as fierce murderers
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Why do we presume that the head of a woman from Benin (0.18 ) was made for someone wealthy?
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Because it was made from rare ivory.
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The elements of art form the basic ________ of art.
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VOcabulary
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THe principles of design are a kind of ________ that artists apply to the elements of art.
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Grammar
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A flat work of art has two dimensions: ________ and width.
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Height
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One definition of this element is "a mark that connects two points."
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Line
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The line that defines the edge of a shape is called the ________.
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Boundary
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The lines that create the image of the Nazca Spider "drawing" define the ________ of a ________.
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Boundary and Shape
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Pick the three words that would best describe a regular line.
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COntrolled, Geometric, Cool-headed
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Three words that can describe irregular line are:
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Loose, WIld, Chaotic
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A line that is a continuous mark is ________.
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AN Actual Line
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A line that gives viewers the impression that they are seeing a line where there is not a continuous mark is ________
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AN implied line
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By orienting lines so that they attract attention to a specific area of a work of art the artist is using ________.
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DIrectional Line
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A contour line defines the outer edge or profile of an object, and can be used to suggest a volume in space.
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True
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The orientation of a line can communicate particular feelings. Match the type of line with the feeling it communicates: 1. horizontal line (a) action 2. diagonal line (b) strength 3. vertical line (c) calm
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1. c 2.a 3.b
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If vertical lines communicate strength, horizontals calm, and diagonals action, then a vacation resort might want to choose a logo consisting of ________ lines in order to show peaceful repose.
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Horizontal
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A shape made of perfectly straight lines would probably be classified as ________ shape.
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Geometric
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This type of shape is composed of unpredictable, irregular lines.
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Organic
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A shape on a flat picture surface that is defined by surrounding empty space is known as ________ shape.
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Positive
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An empty space defined by its surround is known as ________ shape.
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Negative
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The positive and negative shapes in M. C. Escher's print Sky and Water I balance each other and are an example of ________.
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Figure-ground reversal
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A two-dimensional object is called a shape, and a three-dimensional object is known as a ________.
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Form
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Because it is three-dimensional, a form has these three spatial measurements: height, width, and ________.
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Depth
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These four visual elements of art—form, volume, mass, and texture—are present in ________ works of art.
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3-D
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Forms such as pyramids, which tend to be precise and regular, are known as ________ forms.
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Geometric
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Forms that tend to be irregular, and similar to naturally occurring objects, are known as ________ forms.
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Organic
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A three-dimensional surface that is designed to be viewed from only one direction is known as a ________.
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Relief
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This type of relief, which takes its name from the French word for low, does not imply great depth.
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bas-relief
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A sculpture designed in the round can be viewed from ________.
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Nearly every angle
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The element of art that defines the amount of space occupied by an object is ________.
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Volume
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________ volume is a space that is enclosed by materials that are not entirely solid.
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An open
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Our experience of objects in the natural world often leads us to assume that a large object will be heavy, but in fact this is not necessarily the case. This element of art is called ________.
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Mass
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Because a form exists in "real" space we can experience it not only visually, but also through the sense of ________.
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Touch
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When we touch an object we experience a tactile sensation that artists refer to as ________ texture.
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Actual
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By using ________ texture to contradict previous tactile experience, artists can invite viewers to reconsider the world around them.
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Subversive
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The lightness or darkness of a surface is the element of art called ________.
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Value
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Artists can create a sense of ________ by using light and dark values.
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Depth
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A series of different values that are grouped together is called a ________.
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Value Range
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This method of applying value to a two-dimensional artwork in order to create the illusion of three dimensional solid form is called ________.
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Chiaroscuro
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The process of using a series of parallel lines set close to one another to differentiate planes of value in a work of art is called ________.
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Hatching
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Hatching and cross-hatching use two-dimensional lines to communicate ________ depth.
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3-D
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In order to create value in his drawing Head of a Satyr, Michelangelo used both hatching and ________, a variation where the lines overlap, allowing for the depiction of darker tones.
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Cross-hatching
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An artist can use color to indicate depth. When a color is very pure and intense then it seems to be ________.
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Closer
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When objects are far away they lack contrast, detail, and sharpness of focus because of the interference of air. Artists take advantage of this when they use the process called:
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Atmospheric Perspective
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An artist paints a scene with a large mountain, which lacks detail and is out of focus, and a tree, which is sharply defined and bright green. The viewer might assume that the mountain is ________ than the tree.
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Further Away
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The computer simulation game The Sims uses ________ perspective.
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Isometric
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This is the system for creating an illusion of depth using three basic components: horizon line, vanishing point, and convergence lines.
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Linear Perspective
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One-point perspective does convey depth, but it has limited applications due to its reliance on a single ________.
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Vanishing Point
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This type of perspective is used when an object is being viewed from an angle rather than from directly in front.
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Two-point
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This is the area that is visible when a viewer is staring at a fixed point in space.
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Cone of vision
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If you are looking straight ahead, an object that is behind you is in your cone of vision.
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False
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Ascending and Descending, by M. C. Escher, uses ________ perspective.
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3-point
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When the rules of perspective are applied in order to represent unusual points of view, we call this ________.
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Foreshortening
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If an artist were to draw a figure whose arm was pointing directly toward the viewer, what technique would the artist have to use when drawing the outstretched arm?
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Foreshortening
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This is the most vivid element of art and design.
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Color
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This object can be used to separate white light into the colors of the spectrum.
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Prisim
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If you were to look at a t-shirt that absorbed the colors violet, blue, green, yellow, and orange, what color would the t-shirt appear to be?
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Red
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The traditional primary colors are ________.
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RED YELLOW BLUE
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When ________ colors are mixed, they make a duller and darker color because more of the visible spectrum is absorbed.
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Subtractive
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The term used for referring to the basic colors of the spectrum is ________.
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Hue
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The element of art that describes the relative lightness or darkness of a hue, compared to another hue, is known as ________.
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Value
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A color that is lighter than its basic hue is known as a tint. A color that is darker than its basic hue is called a ________.
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Shade
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An artwork that uses many hues but only one value is called monochromatic.
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False
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We generally associate a color with its purest, most intense state, or its highest level of ________.
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Saturation
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A color that is almost gray has a ________ saturation.
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Low
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Colors that are on opposite sides of the color circle are radically different in wavelength and are called ________.
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COmplementary COlors
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When complementary colors are used next to each other in a composition, they produce a visual anomaly called simultaneous contrast. This visual effect makes the colors appear to ________ along the boundary where the two colors meet.
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Vibrate
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If you were to design an eye-catching poster using only two colors, the combination that would most stand out to passersby would be ________.
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Red and Green
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Colors that do not contrast strongly with each other, and which are similar in wavelength, are ________ colors
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Analogus
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When a color is associated with hot or cold we refer to this as color ________.
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Temperature
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Color ________ can be relative to the other colors nearby. For example, violet can be warm if we see it next to a hot color like red, or cool if we see it next to a colder color like blue.
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Temperature
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We see this type of color when the brain receives so much color information that it is forced to simplify what we perceive.
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Optical Color
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The French artist Georges Seurat employed a new technique to create a jewel-like diffusion of light and vibration of color in his work The Circus . This type of painting, made up of small dots of color, is known as ________.
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Pointillism
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Most commercial color printing is achieved using four separate colors, represented by the matrix ________.
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CMYK
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Advertisers often use this color to reach their audience because it is the most visible in the spectrum.
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Lime Yellow
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If you were to choose the color scheme for a health retreat, red would be a good color to pick.
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False
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Color affects the way we think and react to the world, and can be used for healing purposes. This practice is called ________.
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Chromothereapy
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________ in particular is an element of art that can engage the viewer and express a wide range of emotions.
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Color
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Paul Gauguin's use of the color ________ in his 1889 depiction of a crucified Christ enhances the work's connection with the seasons, and expresses a message of optimism and rebirth.
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Yellow
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Traditional visual arts, such as painting, are inherently static, but artists have always found inventive ways of conveying the elements of ________ and ________.
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TIme...Motion
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When an artist employs visual clues to suggest movement in a work of art that is static and motionless, this is known as ________.
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Implied Motion
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When an artist creates a work that deceives our eyes into believing there is motion as time passes, this is called ________.
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THe Illusion of motion
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This art movement of the 1960s relies on perceptual anomalies of the human eye to create dynamic effects.
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Op art
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The kind of motion that is created by showing a series of static images in quick succession is called ________.
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Stroboscopic Motion
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This spinning toy gives a sense of motion to a viewer when he or she looks through small slits in its cylindrical drum at a strip of changing pictures.
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Zoetrope
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Disney's Finding Nemo is an example of a series of computer-generated images played in rapid succession. This medium is called ________.
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Animation
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This kind of motion is occurring when we see movement in real life
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Actual Motion
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This type of art can only exist in one place and time in history.
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Performance Art
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This medium involves the human body and usually includes the artist.
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Performance Art
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This type of sculpture can move and change its visual form.
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Kinetic
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Alexander Calder invented the ________, a type of suspended, balanced sculpture that uses air currents to power its movement.
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Mobile
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THe elements of time and motion are not spplicable to the art of photography
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False
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What element describes the imposition of order and harmony on a design?
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Unity
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The three kinds of unity are:
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compositional, conceptual, gestalt
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Compositional unity strikes an interesting balance between the monotony of too much similarity, and the chaos of too much ________ in a work of art.
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Variety
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An interior design that uses only straight lines might lack the visual interest of a more varied composition.
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True
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An artist creates an artwork made up of many different shapes, all in varying shades of blue. This artwork uses the following principles of art:
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Unity and Variety
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Creating visual weight and counterweight is part of an artist's use of the element of ________ in creating a work of art.
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Balance
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________ balance is achieved when both sides of a composition look exactly the same.
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Symmetrical
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________ balance is achieved when two halves of a composition are not mirror images of each other.
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Asymmetrical
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________ balance is achieved when all elements in a work of art are equidistant from a central point and repeat in a symmetrical way from side to side and top to bottom.
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Radial
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The kind of scale used for objects that appear larger than they are in real life is called ________ scale.
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Monumental
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An artist might use a small scale for a portrait of a lover because it implies ________.
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Intimacy
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When an artist uses scale to indicate the relative importance of elements in a composition, he or she is employing this kind of scale.
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Hierarchical Scale
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This type of scale is common in the relief sculpture of ancient Egypt, where it was used to indicate social importance.
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Hierchical
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An artist would probably use distorted scale if he or she wanted to create a lifelike scene that the viewer could relate to.
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False
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The relationships between the sizes of different parts of a work make up its ________.
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Proportions
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In two-dimensional art, this is the area in which an artist creates their work.
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Format
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In ancient Egypt this part of the human body was used as a standard of measurement. Six of these equaled a cubit
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PALM
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This proportional system uses a ratio of 1:1.618.
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Golden Section
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Rectangles based on the Golden Section can be nested inside each other to create an elegant ________.
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Spiral
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Any of the ________ of art can help focus our interest on specific areas of a work of art.
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Elements
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The opposite of emphasis is ________.
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Subordination
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This is the specific part in an area of emphasis to which the viewer's eye is drawn.
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Focal Point
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Artists can use ________ to organize the elements in a work and draw our attention to areas of emphasis and focal points.
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Direction, Dramatic COntrasts, Placement, Line
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An artwork can only have one focal point
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False
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Which two types of line shape our examination of a work of art by directing the movement of our gaze?
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Actual
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The recurrence of a single element in a work of art is called ________.
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Pattern
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Which of the following can create a pattern?
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woven cloth, fish scales, cracked mud,...etc
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The area covered by a pattern is called the ________.
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Field
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A design repeated as a unit in a pattern is called a ________.
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Motif
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There is rhythm in an artwork when it has at least this many points of reference.
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2
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A pattern with regular intervals creates ________ rhythm.
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Repetitive
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The principle of rhythm does not apply to photography.
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False
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What is the name for any side of a building that is intended to be looked at?
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Facade
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A work that depicts people or objects in a way that makes them recognizable is called ________.
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Representational
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An artwork can be described as non-objective if its subject matter is ________.
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Unrecognizable
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An allegory is
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is people or events that have a consistent symbolic meaning.
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Pop Art is a style of art created in the 1960s that depicts commercial and commonplace images.
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...
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The saturation of a color is its
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Pureness
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The literal meaning of the French phrase trompe l'oeil
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Trick the eye
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When colors have white added to them they produce
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Tint
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The hue is what?
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A color's wavelength of light
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