APUSH Period 7: 1890-1945 Progrssivism and the Roosevelt Corollary – Flashcards
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Turner's Frontier Thesis 1889
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thesis that the frontier was significant in; (1) shaping the American character; (2) defining the American spirit; (3) fostering democracy, and (4) providing a safety valve for economic distress in urban, industrial centers
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The Influence of Sea Power Upon History
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Alfred Mahan's book (1890), argued that control of the sea was the key to world dominance;it stimulated the naval race among the great powers.
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Hawaii Annexation 1898
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US interest in Hawaii for profitable/exclusive sugar business, Mckinley Tariff provided further incentive by raising sugar prices. US coup dethroned queen Liliuokalani in 1893.
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Yellow Journalism
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exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers; popularized in the late nineteenth century by Jospeh Pulitzer and William Randolph Hearst. Caused the Spanish-American War with sinking of the Maine.
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Spanish-American War 1898
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Fought in Cuba and Phillippines, ended with independence for Cuba (Platt and Teller Amendment) and annex of Phillippines under Mckinley. Lasted only 3 months. Ended with Spanish surrender.
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Treaty of Paris 1898
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Conclusion of the Spanish-American War, America got Guam, Puerto Rico and they paid 20 million dollars for the Philipines. Cuba freed from Spain.
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Open Door Policy 1899
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Statement of U.S. foreign policy toward China. Issued by U.S. secretary of state John Hay (1899), the statement reaffirmed the principle that all countries should have equal access to any Chinese port open to trade.
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Roosevelt Corollary
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Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force.
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Big Stick Diplomacy
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Theodore Roosevelt's diplomatic strategy, "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them. Exemplified in the Great White Fleet.
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Dollar Diplomacy
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President William Taft's diplomatic strategy that sought to address international problems by extending American investment overseas, believing that such activity would both benefit the US economy and promote stability abroad.
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Moral Diplomacy
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President Wilson's diplomatic strategy to condemn imperialism, spread democracy, and promote peace. Was designed to bring right principles to the world, preserve peace, and extend to other peoples the blessings of democracy. Specifically in Latin America
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Philippines Nationalist Movement 1899
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Revolution led by Emilio Aguinaldo for independence against US after acquisition from Spanish-American war.
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Anti-Imperialist League 1898
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Group that battled against American colonization of the Philippines, which included such influential citizens as Mark Twain and Andrew Carnegie, believed that it violated the fundamental principles upon which US was created, i.e. consent of the governed.
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Muckraking
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popular magazines, spent a lot of money on researching and digging up "muck,". This name was given to them by Pres. Roosevelt- 1906. These investigative journalists were trying to make the public aware of problems that needed fixing.
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Ida B. Tarbell
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"Muckraker". In 1904, Tarbell made her reputation by publishing an expose on the History of the Standard Oil Company, the "Mother of Trusts."
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Jacob Riis
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Early 1900's muckraker who exposed social and political evils in the U.S. with his novel "How The Other Half Lives"; exposed the poor conditions of the poor tenements in NYC and Hell's Kitchen
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Upton Sinclair
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author of 1906 "The Jungle", exposed conditions in the U.S. meat packing industry (Chicago), causing a public uproar that partly contributed to the passage of the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act in 1906 under Theodore Roosevelt.
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Progressivism
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widespread social activism and political reform across the United States, from the 1890s to 1920s, targeted political machines and monopolies.
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Robert La Follette
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Progressive Wisconsin governor who attacked machine politics and pressured the state legislature to require each party to hold a direct primary.
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Initial, Referendum, and Recall
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