Apush Labor Unions Answers – Flashcards
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national labor union
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1866 by william sylvis; endorsed 8 hour day, currency and banking reform, end to convict labor; faded after sylvis death
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knight of labor
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1869 by uriah stephens and later terence powderly; welcomed all wage earners of any skill; demanded equal pay for women, end to child and convict labor, graduated income tax; admitted blacks and women; alleged connection to Haymarket square riot
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american federation of labor
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1886 by samuel gompers; only allowed skill workers; avoided divisive political issues
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international ladies garment workers union
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1900 by immigrants working in NYC; successful Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire strike
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industrial workers of the world
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wobblies; 1905 by william haywood; mostly western miners, lumberman, and laborers; reputation for violence
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committee for industrial organization
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within AFL; 1935 by John Lewis and Sidney Hillman
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railroad strike of 1877
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ignited by a wage reduction; President Hayes had to send troops to end the strike
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haymarket square strike
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1886 involved someone throwing a bomb that killed 7 policemen; police then killed demonstrators; knights were blamed
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homestead strike
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1892 at Carnegie Steel Company; workers fired on armed men from Pinkerton Detective Agency
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pullman strike
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1894 American railway union led by eugene debs went on strike; President cleveland sent in the troops and debs was arrested
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united mine workers union strike
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1902 T. Roosevelt defended workers right to organize
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general motors strike
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1936 sit down strike where workers occupied the factories peacefull; organized by Walter Reuther
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commonwealth v hunt
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1842 case found unions to be legal and allowed to strike
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danbury hatters case
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1908 case found union boycotts in support of strikes; violation of sherman anti-trust act
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john lewis
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started the committee for industrial organization within the AFL
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Smith Connally War labor disputes act
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1943 empowered the president to seize companies if strikes interrupted war production
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taft hartley act
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weakened unions by barring the closed shop, outlawing boycotts, allowed president to call an 80 cool off period
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closed shop
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all employees must join
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open shop
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non-union shop; dubbed the American Plan
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welfare capitalism
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improved labor relations by providing things at a lower price
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scabs
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blacks hired as stokebrokers
