APUSH Growth of Labor Movement PPT – Flashcards
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The people coming over from southern/eastern europe during the late 1800s
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New Immigrants
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RR strikers all across country due to two huge pay cuts-they rise up and damage railroads, but put down by pinkertons and the government
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Great RailRoad Strike of 1877
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Large group of people meet to discuss working conditions at the McCormick Harvesting Machine Co. A bomb is thrown and it kills several police officers. The Knights of labor were in charge of this event, so they are ended here
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Haymarket Square Riot
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When Carnegie takes over the Homestead steel plant, he attempt to raise wages in new contracts: in return, there will be no unions-people say no-Henry Frick called in-he builds a fort around the plant "Frick's Fort" -Pinkertons called in to protect scabs
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Homestead Steel Strike
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After paycuts, workers start to damage cars/train tracks where pullman cars went-Cleveland calls for an injunction and shuts down the strike
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Pullman Strike
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Spys during the civil war-after, they're hired by big business to intimidate unions/workers-bullys that scare people into working
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Pinkertons
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Usually immigrants-people who filled in for strikers-bad-harmed the cause of striking
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Scabs
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Businesses wouldn't let workers come in
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Lockout
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Businesses could put the strikers name on a bad list, making sure that they never get a job anywhere else
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Blacklist
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Business goes to court and asks them to force the workers into labor-the government tells people "Work or go to jail"
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Injunction
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Contract that many companies made their employees sign saying that they wouldn't join a union
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Yellow-dog contract
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Total union work place
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Closed Shop
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Strikes that flare up all over the country at the same time-very common during this time period
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Wildcat Strikes
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Union group who was interested in protecting ALL workers
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Knights of Labor
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Founder of the Knights of Labor
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Terrence V. Powderly
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Gov of illinois-grants many pardons to the people in the Knights of Labor for the Haymarket Riots-many people were mad at him for this
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Governor John Peter Altgeld
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Union group that only wanted to help white, non-immigrants workers
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American Federation of Labor
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Founder of the American Federation of Labor
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Samuel Gompers
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The AFL had this in order to be better prepare if a stirke occured for their union members
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Strike Fund
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Non-union work place
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Open Shop
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Steel Typhoon who tried to get rid of unions at his recently purchased steel mill, Homestead
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Andrew Carnegie
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Man called in by Carnegie to shut down the Homestead steel strike
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Henry Clay Frick
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Pullman made one of these-where the company owned everything the workers did in their daily life, like the grocery store and their living quarters.
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Company Town
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President who said that the Pullman strike was effecting the mail system, so he had to shut it down with military force-called for an injunction for the railroad workers
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Grover Cleveland
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Man who organized the pullman strike-leader for radical leader movements
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Eugene Debs
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New union that also included anyone-started by Bill Haywood-said violence was justified because the government was actually being violent toward them in a sense
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International Workers of the World
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Man who started the International Workers of the World
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Big Bill Heywood
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Mary Harris-this woman organized the united mine workers-tried to get workers better rights and said that violence was justified
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Mother Jones
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Women workers strike in response to their hours being cut to protect them by MA, but then the companies force them to work faster-much more dangerous and the workers get less money-called for raises, double overtime, and no discrimination to any workers
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Bread and Roses Strike
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Cuts power of skills, standardizes methods so people are easily replaced, work planned, mechanization, simplificiation.
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Taylorism (Scientific Management)
