APUSH Chp. 4 Learning Curve
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What was the rationale for the payment of a "marriage portions" to sons and daughters who reached their twenties among well-to-do farm families in colonial New England?
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They were meant to serve as repayment for past labor.
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Which was the largest group of new migrants to British North America in the mid-eighteenth century?
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Scots-Irish
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Who argued, in The Dangers of an Unconverted Ministry, that conversion and knowing God's grace rather than education in theology and knowledge of the Bible were needed to qualify as a minister?
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Gilbert Tennent
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Which colony was eyeing expansion into the Ohio River Valley in 1748?
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Virginia
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To make better use of their land, in the mid-1700s many New England farmers replaced traditional English crops with those that provided a greater yield per acre such as
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potatoes or corn.
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Why were a growing number of immigrants forced to become squatters in Pennsylvania after the 1720s?
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News of Pennsylvania being "the best poor man's country" had spread in Europe.
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Enlightenment thinker John Locke challenged what traditional assumption in the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries?
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A king's right to govern was god-given.
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The French attempted to prevent British movement into the southern Great Lakes in the early 1750s by building a fort where?
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At the headwaters of the Ohio River
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Which statement describes the condition of "competency" among eighteenth-century American colonists?
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The ability to keep one's household solvent and independent
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German ideas about gender differed from those of English colonists in which of the following ways?
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Married women possessed property rights.
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According to the graph, which Christian denomination had first lagged behind but then overtaken the Anglican Church in popularity by 1780?
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Presbyterian
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Why did the British issue the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
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They wanted to prevent white-Indian conflict over the land.
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What evidence indicates that a woman's property rights in colonial New England were subordinate to those of the family?
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When a widow remarried, her portion of property was divided among the children.
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Why did New York landlords struggle to attract tenants to their manors in the middle of the eighteenth century?
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European migrants wanted to own land, not work as peasants.
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What was the central premise of the Enlightenment?
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Human reason had the power to observe, understand, and improve the world.
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Which city did the British capture from the French during the French and Indian War?
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Montreal
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Why did parents in colonial New England insist on choosing the marriage partners for their children?
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They wanted to secure support for their own old age.
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Why was the road to landownership in the colony of New York so difficult?
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Lack of manpower and preindustrial technology limited the surplus for tenant farmers.
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Which statement describes the eighteenth-century movement called Deism?
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It was a way of thinking about God.
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Which country pioneered the Industrial Revolution?
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Great Britain
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Why did population increases in New England affect parental control over marriage?
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Parents had less to give children in marriage portions.
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In Pennsylvania backcountry towns, the first German immigrants attracted to the Quakers' "peaceable kingdom" belonged to what religious group?
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Mennonites
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Why did the Boston minister Charles Chauncy attack the Pietist New Light ministers in the middle of the eighteenth century?
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They had allowed women to speak in public.
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Based on the map, which statement best explains why Montreal was not captured by the British and American colonists until after Quebec?
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It was farther upriver and could only be taken after Quebec had been secured.
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For what behavior or attitude did congregational ministers of eighteenth-century colonial New England praise women?
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Their piety
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Why were the American colonies a popular destination for Scots-Irish immigrants in the early eighteenth century?
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They saw their economic opportunity sapped in Ireland.
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How did the ideas and thoughts of George Whitefield and other ministers of the Great Awakening spread through the colonies?
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Printers such as Benjamin Franklin published his sermons and many other writings.
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Why did Indian peoples across eastern and southern North America prefer French fur traders to Anglo-American settlers?
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French fur traders did not take land.
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What happened to the population of the New England colonies between 1700 and 1750?
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It doubled every generation, mostly as a result of natural increase.
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What was the significance of the "Great Wagon Road" to colonial America?
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It brought settlers into the backcountry.
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Which factor was the chief motivator for Europeans to migrate to the Americas by the 1730s?
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The possibility of owning land
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Why did the Middle colonies grow prosperous in the early 1700s?
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Growing demand for wheat
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Which statement characterizes German migrants to the Middle colonies in the eighteenth century?
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German migrants to the Middle colonies did not participate extensively in colonial politics.
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How did the economic status of farmers in Concord, Massachusetts, in 1750 compare to that of their fathers?
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More than half lived on smaller farms than their fathers had.
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What American Enlightenment figure wrote Poor Richard's Almanack and founded the American Philosophical Society?
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Benjamin Franklin
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Why did the number of print shops explode after 1695 in the English colonies?
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The British government let the long-standing Licensing Act lapse.
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Why did the German minister and immigrant Gottlieb Mittelberger fear that Pennsylvania might descend into anarchy?
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No government authority existed to force people to go to church.
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Why did the Baptist sect attract African Americans?
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The Baptist message declared all people to be equal in God's eyes.
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What were established churches known as during the Great Awakening?
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Old Lights
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Which statement summarizes the legacy of the Great Awakening?
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It gave a new sense of authority to many on the margins of colonial society.
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Which New Light denomination was the most successful in the South and involved poor whites and slaves in their emotional services?
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Baptists
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What was a result of the Baptist insurgency in the Chesapeake during the Great Awakening?
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Christianity spread among slaves.
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How did the Enlightenment change the Puritan minister Cotton Mather?
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It caused him to embrace science as a response to social ills.
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Which minister spread Pietism among German settlers in many Pennsylvania communities, delivering sermons and organizing private prayer meetings?
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Theodore Jacob Frelinghuysen
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For what purpose did Benjamin Franklin found the American Philosophical Society in 1743?
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To promote "useful knowledge"
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John Wesley is best known as the founder of
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Methodism
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George Whitefield was a follower of which founder of English Methodism, who carried his fervent preaching to huge crowds of Americans?
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John Wesley
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The above quote from Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography describes his conversion to what eighteenth-century school of thought, characterized by the belief that God created the world but then allowed it to operate according to natural laws without divine intercession?
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Deism
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What name was given to the Pietist followers of the revivalists like George Whitefield?
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New lights
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Why were roads so important for the development of the colonies?
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They aided the transport of information.
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For what purpose did American colonists found King's College, the predecessor to Columbia University, in 1754?
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To train Anglican ministers
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What was the central legacy of the Great Awakening?
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The movement of religious authority from educated ministers to the believer's direct experience of God
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Why did the proliferation of New Light churches threaten the social authority of the Virginia gentry in the middle of the eighteenth century?
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The gentry could no longer display their social status to other freeholders at church.
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Which of the following contributed to the significant growth of the Baptist church between 1700 and 1780?
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Slaves were welcomed at Baptist revivals, and many native-born African Americans joined the Baptist church.
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How did Baptists threaten gentry authority and repudiate social distinctions in the 1760s?
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They called each other "brother" and "sister."
