Apush Chapter 29 Test Questions – Flashcards
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richard nixon
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US President from 1969-1974 In the face of likely impeachment for the Watergate scandal, he resigned. he was elected to be US President after Johnson . promised peace with honor in Vietnam
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henry kissinger
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helped end Vietnam War Heavily involved in South American politics as National Security Advisor and Secretary of State. prevented communism and fascism from spreading throughout South America., Secretary of State, supported realpolitik, appointed by Nixon as his national Secretary advisor, engaged shuttle diplomacy
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vietnamization
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Nixons strategy for ending U.S involvement in vietnam war, withdrawl of American troops and replacing them with South Vietnamese forces
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nixon doctrine
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declared that in the future asian allies would receive US support but w.o the extensive use of ground forces
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kent state
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nixon sent troops to cambodia. protest from US college students resuleted in killing of four youths by national guard troops at kent state ohio led to repeal of the gulf of tonkin resolution
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pentagon papers
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secret gov. history documenting the mistakes and deceptions of gov. policy-makers in dealing w vietnam. leaked by daniel ellsberg
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the paris accods of january 1973
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promised a cease-fire and free elections
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detente
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deliberate reduction of cold war tensions
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strategic arms limitations talks
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In 1972, the United States and the Soviet Union culminated four years of SALT by signing a treaty limiting the deployment of antiballistic missiles (ABM) and an agreement to freeze the number of offensive missiles for five years.
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new federalism
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revenue sharing, attempts by Presidents Nixon and Reagan to return power to the states through block grants
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stagflation
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stagnation plus inflation
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silent majority
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that group of quiet honest hard-working middle class Americans who do their job, respect their country and support gov.; Nixon wants their votes in 1968 and 1972
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the burger court
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Warren's retirement in 1969 was excited for a strict constructionist. One who interprets the Constitution narrowly. Roe v. Wade 1973 and US v. Nixon 1974.
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watergate
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1972; Nixon feared loss so he approved the Commission to Re-Elect the President (CREEP) to spy on and espionage the Democrats. A security guard foiled an attempt to bug the Democratic National Committee Headquarters, exposing the scandal.
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war powers act
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president must report to congress within 48 hours after taking military action
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october war
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(Yom Kippur War) Combined Arab invasion of Israel on Yom Kippur 1973
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oil embargo
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Economic crisis of 1973 that occurred when OPEC nations refused to export oil to Western nations. Ensuing economic crisis plagued Gerald Ford's time in office.
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fall of saigon
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1975, communist forces marched into Saigon, . The forces quickly occupied the capital, renamed it Ho Chi Minh City and began he process of uniting Vietnam under Hanoi.
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genocide in cambodia
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US supported gov. in cambodia fell to the khmer rouge a radical communist faction that conducted genocide against millions of its own people
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jimmy carter
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The 39th President who created the Department of Energy and the Depatment of Education. He was criticized for his return of the Panama Canal Zone, and his last year in office was marked by the takeover of the American embassy in Iran, fuel shortages, and the Soviet Invasion of Afghanistan, which caused him to lose to Ronald Regan in the next election.
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camp david accords
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A peace treaty between Israel and Egypt where Egypt agreed to recognize the nation state of Israel
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hostage crisis
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Diplomatic crisis between the US and Iran in which US diplomats were held hostage after an Islamic student group overtook the US embassy in support of the Iranian Revolution. Carter failed at rescuing them
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SALT II
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Second Strategic Arms Limitations Talks. A second treaty was signed on June 18, 1977 to cut back the weaponry of the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. because it was getting too competitive. Set limits on the numbers of weapons produced. Not passed by the Senate as retaliation for U.S.S.R.'s invasion of Afghanistan, and later superseded by the START treaty.
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paul volcker
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Paul Volker head of the Federal Reserve hoped to stop inflation by pushing interest rates to 20 percent . hurt auto & building industries.
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taxpayers revolt
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inflation pushed middle class taxpayers into higher tax brackets
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immigration reform and control act of 1986
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Provided an opportunity for illegal immigrants to become legal residents (one time amnesty). Penalties to employers who knowingly hired illegal immigrants.
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American Indian Movement
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(AIM) A Native American organization founded in 1968 to protest government policies and injustices suffered by Native Americans; in 1973, organized the armed occupation of Wounded Knee, South Dakota.
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indian self-determination act
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gave reservations and tribal lands greater control over over internal programs education and law enforcemnt
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gay liberation movement
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police raid on the stonewall inn a gay bar in NY the movement aimed at liberating homosexuals from legal or social or economic oppression
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environmental movement
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americans become more concerned about the enviroment "clean air act" (EPA) "clean water act"
