Apush Chapter 23 Test Questions – Flashcards
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One reason for the extremely high voter turnouts and partisan fervor of the Gilded Age was a) the parties' differences over economic issues b) sharp ethnic and cultural differences in the membership of the two parties c) religious conflict between Catholics and Lutherans d) differences over the issue of the civil service e) sectional tensions among the Northeast, Midwest, and South
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b
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In the presidential election of 1868, Ulysses S. Grant a) transformed his personal popularity into a large majority in the popular vote b) owed his victory to the votes of former slaves c) gained his victory by winning the votes of a majority of whites d) demonstrated his political skill e) all of these
answer
b
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The conservative white Bourbon Democrats of the South largely succeeded in crushing the Populist revolt by a) demonstrating that Populist economic policies would harm Southern cotton interests b) charging that the Populist were de facto allies of the hated Republicans c) bribing the Populist leadership to betray the rank and file d) persuading black farmers that the Populists really did not have their interests at heart e) appealing to poor white farmers' antilock racial feelings against their economic interests
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e
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One of the main reasons that the Chinese came to the United States was to a) dig for gold b) work on the East Coast c) replace the newly freed slaves in the South d) buy their own farms e) all of these
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a
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When he was president, Grover Cleveland's strong belief in a laissez-faire approach to government gained the support of a) former Confederates in the South b) veterans of the Grand Army of the Republic c) farmers d) workers e) business people
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e
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Benjamin Harrison's victory over Grover Cleveland in the election of 1888 was unusual in that a) it was an overwhelming landslide for Harrison b) Indiana and Ohio were not key states in determining the election outcome c) the Republican party raised less money than the Democrats d) there was almost none of the usual voter fraud and corruption e) Harrison lost the popular vote to Cleveland but won in the electoral college
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e
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The 1884 election contest between James G. Blaine and Grover Cleveland was noted for a) its emphasis on issues b) lower voter turnout c) its viciously personal attacks between the two candidates d) a landslide victory for the reform-minded Republicans e) its virtual tie in the electoral college
answer
c
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The Pendleton Act required people applying for many federal government jobs to a) take a competitive examination b) present a written recommendation from a congressman or senator c) agree to make financial contributions to their political party d) submit a resume listing their experience and providing references e) have a college degree
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a
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The fundamental attitude of Hayes and other Republican administrations toward labor agitation was a) strong support for the railroads and other business in their efforts to crush labor organizing b) attempts to establish the federal government as a neutral arbiter between business and labor c) support for expanded immigration from China and Latin America d) to support reasonable regulation of business e) to try to enlist farmers as a political counterbalance to industrial laborers
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a
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Labor unrest in the 1870s and 1880s resulted in a) Congress passing legislation supporting the formation of unions b) a ban on Irish immigration c) the use of federal troops during strikes d) congressional acts to ban strikes e) growing middle class support for labor
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c
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The tariff bill, sponsored by the talented Congressman William McKinley of Ohio, provided for a) higher tariffs on agricultural imports and lower tariffs for imported farm machinery b) higher tariffs on raw materials than on finished goods c) sky-high tariff rates that stirred rural discontent d) reciprocal free trade agreements between the United States and Latin American countries e) lower tariffs on goods from other democratic countries
answer
c
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The early Populist campaign to create a coalition of white and black farmers ended in a) a racist backlash that eliminated black voting in the South b) the transformation of Tom Watson into a fervent civil rights leaders c) an alignment of wealthy Bourbon whites with moderate blacks d) the breakdown of segregation in areas outside southern cities e) the emergence of Republican political power in the South
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a
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President Grover Cleveland aroused widespread public anger by his action of a) vetoing the Wilson-Gorman Tariff Act b) using federal troops to suppress Populist demonstrations c) taking the United Staes off the gold standard d) borrowing $65 million in gold from J.P. Morgan's banking syndicate e) wasting the federal surplus on pork-barrel spending
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d
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President Cleveland's response to the depression of the 1890s demonstrated that he a) was able to work effectively with J.P. Morgan to address the problems of unemployment b) understood the problems of urban workers better than those of farmers c) had a weak grasp of the economic theory that lay behind the demand for free silver d) was unable to deal effectively with such a massive economic crisis e) was able to skillfully incorporate some Populist proposals into the Democratic party
answer
d
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President Cleveland's hostility to silver and silver-backed currency was driven primarily by his fear that a) the growing drain of gold from the U.S. Treasury would force the United States off the gold standard b) the unlimited supplies of silver within the United States would create runaway inflation c) supporting silver would play into the hands of radical Democrats like William Jennings Bryan d) soon gold and silver would both be replaced by strictly paper currency e) the U.S. Treasury did not have sufficient capacity to store silver bullion at Fort Knox
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a
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Economic unrest and the repeal of the Sherman Silver Purchase Act led to the rise of the pro-silver leader a) Tom Watson b) William Jennings Bryan c) William McKinley d) J. Pierpont Morgan e) Adlai E. Stevenson
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b
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The presidency of Rutherford B. Hayes began with a) a national movement for civil service reform b) increased overseas expansion c) sharp class conflict and a national railroad strike d) public demands for positive immigration reform e) improved race relations in the South and the West
answer
c
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The political developments of the 1890s were largely shaped by a) the widespread prosperity and federal budget surpluses b) America's growing involvement in overseas conflicts c) the most severe and extended economic depression up to that time d) the going black rebellion against segregation and racial oppression e) the deadlock among Republicans, Democrats, and Populists in Congress
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c
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An epidemic of violent strikes and labor conflict in 1892 led to the prospect of a) a switch of urban workers from the Democratic to the Republican party b) Populist support for immigration restrictions c) Populist support form a revolutionary overthrow of reactionary state governments d) the Populists adding industrial workers to their base of support among farmers e) Grover Cleveland's switch to a pro-labor and pro-farmer campaign platform
answer
d
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Blacks who violated the Jim Crow laws or other elements of the South's racial code were often subject to a) prosecution in federal courts b) ostracizing by their own community c) criticism from both white and black churches d) losing their case in the Supreme Court e) lynching
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e
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President Ulysses S. Grant was reelected in 1872 because a) the Democrats and Liberal Republicans could not decide on a single candidate b) he promised reforms in the political system c) he was the only candidate who enjoyed support in both the North and South d) the Democrats and Liberal Republicans chose the eccentric editor Horace Greeley as their candidate e) of the massive support of black voters in the Reconstruction South
answer
a
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Match each politician below with the Republican political faction with which he was associated A. Roscoe Conklings B. James Blaine C. Horace Greeley D. Ulysses Grant 1. Half-Breeds 2. Stalwarts 3. Regular Republicans 4. Liberal Republicans a) A-2, B-3, C-4, D-1 b) A-3, B-1, C-2, D-4 c) A-1, B-2, C-3, D-4 d) A-2, B-1, C-4, D-3 e) A-4, B-3, C-1, D-2
answer
d
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One result of Republican hard money policies in the mid-1870s was a) the rise of the American dollar against foreign currencies b) damage to the country's credit rating c) the return to the silver "Dollar of Our Daddies" as the dominant form of U.S. money d) the defeat of a Democratic House of Representatives in 1874 e) a political turn to the Democrats and new Greenback Labor party
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e
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The Liberal Republican revolt from the regular Republican party in 1872 was motivated primarily by a) dismay at the Republicans' weakness in upholding radical Reconstruction in the South b) nostalgia for leadership like that of the martyred Abraham Lincoln c) disgust at the corruption and scandals of the Grant administration d) a fervent passion for reforms on behalf of women and blacks e) a desire to strengthen the federal government's regulation of big business
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c
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The Credit Mobilier scandal involved a) public utility company bribes b) Bureau of Indian Affairs payoffs c) railroad construction kickbacks d) evasion of excise taxes on distilled liquor e) manipulating the Wall Street stock market
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e
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In the aftermath of the Civil War a) the population of the United States declined b) Americans retained a strong sense of idealistic sacrifice c) the North developed a strong sense of moral superiority d) concern for racial questions took precedence over economics e) waste, speculation, and corruption afflicted both business and government
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a
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New York's notoriously corrupt Boss Tweed was finally jailed under the pressure of a) New York Times exposes and the cartoons of Thomas Nast b) federal income tax evasion charges c) the RICO racketeering act d) New York City's ethics laws e) testimony by Tweed's partners in crime
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d
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Despite his status as a military hero, General Ulysses S. Grant proved to be a weak political leader because he a) was personally dishonest and corrupt b) did not believe in the principles of the Republican party c) was unable to get others to follow his lead d) had no political experience and was a poor judge of character e) lacked political ambition
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c
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Those who enjoyed a successful political career in the post-Civil War decades were usually a) reformers b) incorruptible c) party loyalists d) political independents e) wealthy and well educated
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c
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The sequence of presidential terms of the "forgettable presidents" of the Gilded Age (including Cleveland's two nonconsecutive terms) was a) Cleveland, Hayes, Harrison, Cleveland, Arthur, and Garfield b) Garfield, Hayes, Harrison, Cleveland, Arthur, and Cleveland c) Cleveland, Garfield, Arthur, Hayes, Harrison, and Cleveland d) Hayes, Garfield, Arthur, Cleveland, Harrison, and Cleveland e) Hayes, Garfield, Harrison, Cleveland, Arthur, and Cleveland
answer
d
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In the 1896 case of Plessy v. Ferguson, the Supreme Court ruled that a) African Americans could be denied the right to vote b) segregation was unconstitutional c) "separate but equal" facilities were constitutional d) the Fourteenth Amendment did not apply to African Americans e) literacy tests for voting were constitutional
answer
c
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The Compromise of 1877 resulted in a) a renewal of the Republican commitment to protect black civil rights in the South b) the withdrawal of federal troops and abandonment of black rights in the South c) the election of a Democrat to the presidency d) Republican support for an inflationary silver-money policy e) a plan to build the first transcontinental railroad
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b
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Which of the following was not among the groups that formed the solid political base of the Republican party in the late nineteenth century? a) Northern big cities b) Union Civil War veterans of the Grand Army of the Republic c) Southern black freedmen d) the Midwest e) the rural and small-town Northeast
answer
a
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The presidential elections of the 1870s and 1880s a) were all won by Republicans b) revolved primarily around the charismatic personalities running for the presidency c) were rarely close d) usually involved sharp partisan differences over issues like currency policy and civil-service reform e) aroused enormous turnouts among voters even though there were few significant issues
answer
e
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In religious and cultural terms, the Republicans appealed especially to groups that derived their views from the a) less orthodox traditions of Unitarianism and Quakerism b) Catholic and Lutheran traditions of creed, liturgy, and understanding of human weakness c) Baptist tradition that feared government intrusion on personal and religious freedom d) scientific tradition that saw religion as a fading force in American society e) Puritan tradition of strict moral codes and government regulation of morality and society
answer
e
