APUSH – Chapter 18: Riots/Strikes/Unions – Flashcards

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railroad strikes (1877)
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*actions*: strikers burned buildings; president hayes sent out troops 2 weeks after strike started *results*: over 100 people died, 2/3 of railroads stopped running. caused public hysteria about unions and strikes
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haymarket riot (chicago 1886)
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*cause/actions*: police shot/killed 4 strikers from mccormick harvest plant, leading to a rally the next day. someone threw a bomb, which ultimately killed 7 policemen. police fired into crowd, 4 protesters killed. *result*: anti-union sentiment grew, protestors who roganized rally arrested (anarchists, immigrants) -- caused americans to fear these groups
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knights of labor
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one of the largest labor unions in the US; reached height of membership in 1880s
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terrence powderly
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leader of knights of labor
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american federation of labor
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labor union that organized for skilled workers only
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samuel gompers
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leader of american federation of labor
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great strike (1877 aka "the wildcat strike")
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*cause/actions*: wages cut for workers on baltimore & ohio RR. strike spread up and down east coast and to major cities across US. troops sent in to end strike. *result*: public began opposing unions, which allowed employers to "crack down" on labor -- new contracts, use of private police force (pinkertons), and use of govnt/military to suppress strikes
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yellow dog contracts
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signed by workers where they agreed not to strike or join a union
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coeur d'alene strike (1892)
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*cause/actions*: wage cuts; miners blew up a mill and captured the guards sent to defend the mill. *result*: the union was crippled because they used the idaho national guard to stop the strike
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homestead strike (1892)
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*cause/result*: carnegie steel -- wages cut & workers locked out (hoping to end union). strikers fired on pinkertons; fight broke out. strikers and pinkertons killed. natl guard sent out to stop strike/riot; union was crushed
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pullman strike (1894)
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*cause/result*: wages cut while rents/costs of living in "company town" not lowered. workers went on strike, which slowed down railroads. federal injunction issued to stop strike; strike continued. debs was arrested and federal troops sent in, which led to a riot. people died. union was crushed.
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all strikes
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resulted in deaths of strikers and the eruption of violence. use of govnt troops to end strike. led to the american people fearing unions and unions finding their power weakened
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