APUSH Chapter 17 Vocabulary – Flashcards
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Trust
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Small group of associates that hold stock from a group of combined firms. Manage as one entity. Introduced by John D. Rockefeller.
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Deskilling
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Elimination of labor under a system of compartmentalizing what you do. Eliminate labor cost. Management has control.
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Mass production
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Phrase by Henry Ford. Mass production of goods based on assembling of parts.
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Scientific management
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Developed by Frederick Taylor. Scientific/math principles on products. Maximum output of a worker. Increase efficiency. Reduce cost of production.
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Chinese exclusion act
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1882. banned Chinese laborers in entering the US. If they were a doctor, or lawyer they can.
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Great Railroad Strike of 1877
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Railroad workers strike wage cuts amid the depression that started in 1873.
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Greenback labor party
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Political movement, increase money supply and regulate corporations and enforce and 8 hours work day.
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Producerism
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Idea that the producers are engaged in physical labor. Merchants, laborers, lawyers, and bankers gain what these people do.
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Granger laws
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Granger organizations (farmers). Midwestern states pass in order to regulate the railroads. Pressure from farmers.
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Knights of Labor
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First mass labor organization. 1869. Build the universal brotherhood of workers. Allow other ethnicities and women.
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Anarchism
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Stateless society. Revolution has brought about no gov't.
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Haymarket Square
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May 4, 1886. Chicago. Workers demonstrate because a worker was killed by policemen. Both killed. Backlash from labor activism.
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Farmer's alliance
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Texas, 1870s. Advocated cooperative stores to get rid of middle men. Gov't aid to farmers. Greater regulation of railroads.
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Interstate commerce act
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1887. Creates interstate commerce commission. Purpose of regulating railroads.
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Closed shop
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Can't get a job in a workplace unless you are part of the union representing them.
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American Federation of labor
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Samuel gompers. 1886. Took craftworkers from many industries. Start to advocate usage of strikes. Institutes collective bargaining.
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Andrew Carnegie
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Scottish immigrant. Earned fortune working for Pennsylvania railroad company. Studied British steel production. Studied Bessemer process. Starts steel plants in Pennsylvania. Largest producers of steel in the world. Becomes philanthropist.
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Gustavus Swift
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German. Enter into meat packing business. Chicago. First to utilize waste by product. Applies assembly line production. Introduces vertical integration. Control market, set prices.
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John D. Rockefeller
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Kerosene. Need for crude oil. Corner kerosene industry. Corner oil industry. Introduces horizontal integration. Buys out all competition. Establishes the trust. Starts standard oil. Monopolizes oil industry. Based in Cleveland Ohio.
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Henry George
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Sociologist. Writes progress an poverty. 1887. Cautioned public of industrialization. Pushes and keeps working class. Encouraged economic reform (gov't regulation).
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Terence Powderly
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First leaders of the Knights of labor. Cautioned effects of alcohol abuse, knights tried to avoid striking.
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Leonora Barry
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Irish. Forced to factory work when husband dies. Outspoken leader in labor movement. Exposed safety issues and treatment of women.
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Samuel Gompers
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Founded American Federation of Labor. 30 years as leader. Centered on a variety of worker. Both skilled and unskilled. Was in cigar makers union. Believed in pure and simple unionism. Pure addresses craft workers. Better wages, hours, and conditions.
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