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Second Great Awakening

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Religious revival movement that began at the beginning of the 19th century

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Revival meetings

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Religious meetings consisting of soul-searching, preaching, and prayer that took place during the Second Great Awakening

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Temperance Movement

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Movement that developed in America before the Civil War that lamented the effect that alcohol had on American society

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Abolitionist Movement

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Movement dedicated to the abolition of slavery that existed primarily in the North in the years leading up to the Civil War

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The Liberation

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Radical abolitionist journal of William Lloyd Garrison that was first published in 1831

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American Colonization Society

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This society, founded in 1817, stated that the best way to end the slavery problem was for blacks to emigrate back to Africa

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Fredrick Douglas

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An ex-slave who became the leader of the abolitionist movement, edited an abolitionist movement newspaper and was active as a lecturer and organizer

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Deceleration of Sentiments

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The resolutions passed at the Seneca Falls Convention in 1848 calling for full female equality, including the right to vote

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Tammany Society

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A fraternal organization of artisans begun in the 1780s that evolved into a key organization of the new mass politics of New York City.

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Sabbatarianism

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Reform movement that aimed to prevent business on Sundays

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Female Moral Reform Society

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Antiprostitution group founded by evangelical women in New York in 1834.

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Seneca Falls Convention

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The first convention for women's equality in legal rights, held in upstate New York in 1848.

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Shakers

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The followers of Mother Ann Lee, who preached a religion of strict celibacy and communal living.

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Appeal to Citizens of the World

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Written by David Walker, a published insistence that "American is more our country than it is the whites- we have enriched it with our blood and tears."

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Liberty Party

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The first antislavery political party, formed in 1840

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Horace Mann

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Education movement

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Who was in involved with the temperance movement?

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Middle-class religious people; esp. women

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Asylum Movement

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Dorothea Dix

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Mormon Movement

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Brimgham Young and founded by Joseph Smith

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Gag Rule

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a regulation or directive that prohibits public discussion of a particular matter, in particular. It helped stopped the discussing of slavery in congress because slavery caused very strong topics

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What was the only job for women?

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Teaching

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Martha Washington Society

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Name for a organization of the temperance movement

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"Burned Over District"

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Upstate NY where the Second Awakening took place; where Charles G. Finney preached in upstate NY; these people were instilled with a fear of Satan and an eternity in hell; this is called the Burned Over District because these people were all scared that they were going to Hell

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Walt Whitman

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American poet, essayist and journalist; published controversial homosexual and bisexual poems; produced a temperance novel Franklin Evans

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Shakers Utopia

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Followers led by Mother Ann Lee they were known for feeling shaken by God and they eventually died out because they were not allowed to have sexual relations

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Oneida Commune

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Founded by John Humphrey Noyes in 1848 to be a shinning example of equality among all members. This was controversial from the beginning. They shared everything including spouses, this society was thought to be immoral. They died out after Noye's death

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Brook Farm

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Founded by Unitarian minister George Ripley, influenced many of the social reforms

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Many abolitionists regarded William Lloyd Garrison as a radical because he

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accepted the participation of women in his movement

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The "cult of domesticity" referred to

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a women's role as homemaker and a mother

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Hudson River School artists portrayed the United States as

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naturally beautiful

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Antebellum reform movements sought to

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create a "perfect" American society

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The Onedia Brook Farm and Commune were all examples of

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Utopian experiences

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During the social reform era from 1820 to 1850

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relatively few substantive problems were actually solved

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The emerging market revolution

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had its most noticeable impact in American cities

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One result of the rapid growth of American cuties during this period was:

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the deepening of sharp class differences

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Free African Americans living in the northern United States:

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suffered from significant social and economic miscrimination

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The American labor movement"

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began as workers grew disenchanted with political parties' failure to address important issues

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Social reformers in the United States

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often felt the need to impose their ideas and principles on Americans

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The emergence of public education

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provided one of the early opportunities for women to have careers

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The temperance movement:

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resulted in a sharp drop in the per capita consumption of alcohol

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The emergence of education

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provided one of the early opportunities for women to have careers

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The area of upstate NY that experienced numerous waves of reform was known was the

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Burned Over-District

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Between the 1820s ad 1850:

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the efforts of various abolitionists made their reform effort a dominant political issue of the era

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The first American college to allow African American female students was

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Oberlin

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John P. Parker felt tremendous pride because

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an unmarried slave was willing to be captured to allow a married slave to accompany his wife to freedom

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As the women's rights movement began"

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the effort was led for the most part by middle-class women

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One effective way Americans responded to the market economy was to

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develop a deep and profound passion for improving society

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New Harmony

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A lazy utopia

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