APUSH Chapter 10 Study guide Terms – Flashcards

the first ten amendments to the Constitution to protect some of the most precious American principles (freedom of religion, speech, and press; the right to bear arms to be tried by a jury; the right to assemble and petition the government for redress of grievances; prohibits cruel and unusual punishments and arbitrary government seizure of private property); adopted by the necessary number of states in 1791

In 1789 Congress passed this Act which created the federal-court system. The act managed to quiet popular apprehensions by establishing in each state a federal district court that operated according to local procedures.

Alexander Hamilton's policy of paying off all federal bonds at face value in order to strengthen the national credit

Economic policy of Alexander Hamilton where the central government would assume the debts of all the states. It would tie the states closer to the federal government.

A special tax added to imported goods to raise the price, thereby protecting American businesses and workers from foreign competition.

Proposed by Alexander Hamilton as the basis of his economic plan. He proposed a powerful private institution, in which the government was the major stockholder. This would be a way to collect and amass the various taxes collected. It would also provide a strong and stable national currency. Jefferson vehemently opposed the bank; he thought it was un-constitutional. nevertheless, it was created. This issue brought about the issue of implied powers. It also helped start political parties, this being one of the major issues of the day.

farmers in Pennsylvania rebelled against Hamilton's excise tax on whiskey; the army, led by Washington, put down the rebellion; showed that the new government under the Constitution could react swiftly and effectively to such a problem

1793-1794, Robespierre started it. Over 10,000 people executed and if you were against the French, you died.

a 1793 statement by President Washington that the United States would not support or aid either France or Britain in their European conflict

1794 Battle between US and natives, supported by Brits. In Ohio. US wins, natives lose hope of holding onto land

This treaty was between the Americans and the Native Americans. In exchange for some goods, the Indians gave the United States territory in Ohio. Anthony Wayne was the American representative.

1794-Was made up by John Jay. It said that Britain was to pay for Americans ships that were seized in 1793. It said that Americans had to pay British merchants debts owed from before the revolution and Britain had agreed to remove their troops from the Ohio Valley

agreement between the United States and Spain that changed Florida's border and made it easier for American ships to use the port of New Orleans

1796 speech by Washington urging US to maintain neutrality and avoid permanent alliances with European nations

incident of the late 1790s in which French secret agents demanded a bribe and a loan to France in lieu of negotiating a dispute over the Jay Treaty and other issues

The campaigns that elected presidents in the 1800s were not always the quaint affairs we imagine them to be. Some of the campaigns were noteworthy for rough tactics, accusations of fraud, and image making that was far from reality.

Laws against hostile or dangerous foreign immigrants, gave government power to deport or imprison immigrants in times of hostilities and in times of peace

Made it a crime to criticize the government or government officials. Opponents claimed that it violated citizens' rights to freedom of speech and freedom of the press, gauranteed by the First Amednment.

Written anonymously by Jefferson and Madison in response to the Alien and Sedition Acts, they declared that states could nullify federal laws that the states considered unconstitutional.

Virginian, patriot, general, and president. Lived at Mount Vernon. Led the Revolutionary Army in the fight for independence. First President of the United States.

1789-1795; First Secretary of the Treasury. He advocated creation of a national bank, assumption of state debts by the federal government, and a tariff system to pay off the national debt; was mortally wounded in a duel with Aaron Burr

the king of france who's inexpirience caused the spark that ignited the revolution. he was eventualy beheaded by the revolutionaries.

Sent by France to the US to enlist American aid in the French revolution with or without the Washington administration's consent. He openly commissioned American privateers to harass British shipping and enlisted Americans in intrigues against the Spanish outpost of New Orleans. He also opened France's Caribbean colonies to American shipping, providing American shippers a choice between French free trade and British mercantilism.

Chief of the Miami who led a Native American alliance that raided U.S. settlements in the Northwest Territory. He was defeated and forced to sign the Treaty of Greenville. Later, he became an advocate for peace

The leader of the army that crushed the Indians of the Northwest Territory in 1794.

United States diplomat and jurist who negotiated peace treaties with Britain and served as the first chief justice of the United States Supreme Court (1745-1829)

America's first Vice-President and second President. Sponsor of the American Revolution in Massachusetts, and wrote the Massachusetts guarantee that freedom of press "ought not to be restrained."

French statesman and diplomat; he was one of the negotiators at the Congress of Vienna. He represented France of behalf of King Louis XVIII