APUSH ch.28 vocab – Flashcards
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William Howard Taft
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(1857-1930) Twenty-seventh president of the United States; he angered progressives by moving cautiously toward reforms and by supporting the Payne-Aldrich Tariff. He lost Roosevelt's support and was defeated for a second term.
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John Hay
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American secretary of state who attempted to preserve Chinese independence and protect American interests in China
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Theodore Roosevelt
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1858-1919. 26th President. Increased size of Navy, "Great White Fleet". Added Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine. "Big Stick" policy. Received Nobel Peace Prize for mediation of end of Russo-Japanese war. Later arbitrated split of Morocco between Germany and France.
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Philippe Bunau-Varilla
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French engineer who advocated an American canal through Panama and helped instigate a Panamanian rebellion against Colombia.
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George Washington Goethals
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United States army officer and engineer who supervised the construction of the Panama Canal (1858-1928)
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Guerrilla warfare
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A hit-and-run technique used in fighting a war; fighting by small bands of warriors using tactics such as sudden ambushes
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spheres of influence
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Areas in which countries have some political and economic control but do not govern directly (ex. Europe and U.S. in China)
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"yellow peril"
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A term denoting a generalized prejudice toward Asian people and their customs
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Philippine insurrection
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before the Philippines was annexed by the U.S. there existed tension between U.S. troops and Filippinos. eventually we entered into a war with the Philippines.
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Open Door notes
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In 1899 the United States feared that countries with "spheres of influence" in China might choose to limit or restrict trade to and from their respective areas. John Hay avoided any problems with trade by sending notes to each country who held power in China asking them to keep trade open and tariffs low.
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"the full dinner pail"
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A Republican campaign slogan in the 1900 presidential election campaign, used to emphasize the prosperity of William McKinley's first term and to appeal particularly to the labor vote
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Boxer Rebellion
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1899 rebellion in Beijing, China started by a secret society of Chinese who opposed the "foreign devils". The rebellion was ended by British troops.
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big-stick democracy
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The policy held by Teddy Roosevelt in foreign affairs. The "big stick" symbolizes his power and readiness to use military force if necessary. It is a way of intimidating countries without actually harming them.
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Clayton-Bulwer Treaty
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1850 - Treaty between U.S. and Great Britain agreeing that neither country would try to obtain exclusive rights to a canal across the Isthmus of Panama. Abrogated by the U.S. in 1881.
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Hay-Pauncefote Treaty
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1901 - Great Britain recognized U.S. Sphere of Influence over the Panama canal zone provided the canal itself remained neutral. U.S. given full control over construction and management of the canal.
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Hay-Bunau-Varilla Treaty
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(1903) treaty that granted the US land to build the Panama canal in exchange for $10 million and annual payments to Panama. Occured shortly after Panama's independance.
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Panama Canal
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A canal that crosses the isthmus of Panama connecting the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. Built by the United States between 1904 and 1914.
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Roosevelt Corollary
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(TR) , Roosevelt's 1904 extension of the Monroe Doctrine, stating that the United States has the right to protect its economic interests in South And Central America by using military force, first put into effect in Dominican Republic
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Russo-Japanese War
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A 1904-1905 conflict between Russia and Japan, sparked by the two countries' efforts to dominate Manchuria and Korea
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Portsmouth Conference
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The meeting between Japan, Russia, and the U.S. that ended the Russo-Japanese War in 1905. Roosevelt won the Nobel Peace Prize for stopping the fighting between those two countries.
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Gentlemen's Agreement
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Agreement when Japan agreed to curb the number of workers coming to the US and in exchange Roosevelt agreed to allow the wives of the Japenese men already living in the US to join them
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Great White Fleet
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16 American battleships, painted white, sent around the world on a "peace mission" to display American naval power
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Root-Takahira agreement
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In 1908 the United States and Japan signed this agreement saying they would both honor the territorial possessions of the respective countries that were in the Pacific Ocean, and they would also uphold China's Open Door Policy.
