APUSH ch. 25 vocab and ID’s – Flashcards
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nativism
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a policy of favoring native-born individuals over foreign-born ones
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patronage
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The business given to a commercial establishment by its customers
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social gospel
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the idea that churches should address social issues, predicting that socialism would be the logical outcome of Christianity
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tenement
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poorly built, overcrowded housing where many immigrants lived
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jacob riis
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Photographer who raised awareness of working and living conditions of immigrants in the factories and tenements.
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graft
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The illegal use of political influence for personal gain
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marshall fields
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downtown retail store owner, largest in late 1800s • Created luxurious store w/ tea room and glamour by pampering female customers • "Customer is always right" and "give the lady what she wants" • Set low prices
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national consumers league
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Group led by Florence Kelly to force retainers for better wages and working conditions during the movement of mass consumption
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vaudeville
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stage entertainment made up of various acts, such as dancing, singing, comedy, and magic shows
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yellow journalism
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Journalism that exploits, distorts, or exaggerates the news to create sensations and attract readers
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charles darwin
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british biologist who introduced the ideas of natural selection and evolution; argued that specific behaviors evolved because they led to advantages in survival or reproduction
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"land-grant" institutions
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Colleges & Universities grew mainly b.c of Morrill Land Conant Act saying fed govt would fund land for establishing colleges.
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political machine
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A vote-gathering organization of politicians who loyally support a party boss and get the votes in their neighborhoods to support their party's candidates by fulfilling needs and providing services to constituents.
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tweed ring/ tammy hall
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scandal in New York City (1868-1871); William Marcy Tweed headed a corrupt Democratic political machine (Tammany Hall) that looted $100-200 million from the city. Crusading journalist and others pointed to this organization and its activities as another example of the need for social and political reform.
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pendleton act of 1883
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an act that had government officials, who would appoint federal jobs, take a merit system test to make sure they were the right people to choose the best people
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florence kelley
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An advocate for improving the lives of women and children. (Social Welfare). She was appointed chief inspector of factories in Illinois. She helped win passage of the Illinois factory act in 1893 which prohibited child labor and limited women's working hours.
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the birth of a nation
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A dramatic silent film from 1915 about the South during and after the Civil War. It was directed by D. W. Griffith. The film, the first so-called spectacular, is considered highly controversial for its portrayal of African-Americans.
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upton sinclair
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muckraker who shocked the nation when he published The Jungle, a novel that revealed gruesome details about the meat packing industry in Chicago. The book was fiction but based on the things Sinclair had seen. 1878-1968
