APES Chapter 10 Vocabulary – Flashcards
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Tragedy On Commons
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An economics theory by Garrett Hardin which states that individuals who are acting independently and rationally according to each one's self-interest will behave contrary to the whole group's long-term best interests by depleting some common resource.
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Externality
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An economic side effect of a good or service that generates benefits or costs to someone other than the person deciding how much to produce or consume
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Maximum Sustainable Yield
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The maximum amount of any resource that can be produced without limiting the population.
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National Parks
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One form of reserve that is intended to protect natural and scenic areas of national or international significance for scientific, educational and recreational use
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Managed Resources Protected Areas
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Category 6 of the IUCN of protected areas
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Habitat/Species Management Areas
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Conservation through management intervention (e.g., Bayou Sauvage Nat'l Wildlife Refuge and Big Branch NWR [USF&WS]; water levels managed to help seed plants used for duck food during migration & winter).
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Strict Nature Reserves
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Areas established to protect species and ecosystems.
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Protected Landscapes and Seascapes
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Areas combined with the nondestructive use of natural resources with oppurtunities for tourism and recreation (orchards, villages, beaches)
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National Monuments
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Areas set aside to protect unique sites of special natural or cultural interest.
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Resource Conservation Ethic
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management of non-hazardous and hazardous solid waste including landfills and storage tanks.
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Multiple-Use Lands
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A U.S. classification used to designate lands that may be used for recreation, grazing, timber harvesting, and mineral extraction.
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Bureau of Land Management
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A federal bureau within the Department of the Interior which manages and controls certain lands owned by the United States.
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US Forest Service
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A federal agency that manages public lands in national forests and grassland.
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National Parks Service
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Created in 1916 as a new federal bureau in the Department of Interior. Given the responsibility to administer the national parks and monuments. Currently administers 385 sites.
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Fish and Wildlife Service
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A United States government agency that helps protect animals and is in charge of listing animals under the endangered speices act amongst other duties.
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Rangelands
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Grasslands and open woodlands suitable for livestock grazing.
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Overgrazing
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Destruction of vegetation caused by too many grazing animals consuming the plants in a particular area so they cannot recover.
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Clear-Cutting
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Method of timber harvesting in which all trees in a forested area are removed in a single cutting.
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Selective Cutting
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Cutting down only some trees in a forest and leaving a mix of tree sizes and species behind.
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Sustainable Forestry
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The use and management of forest ecosystems in an environmentally balanced and enduring way.
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Tree Plantation
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A large area typically planted with a single rapidly growing tree species.
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Reforestation
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The restoration (replanting) of a forest that had been reduced by fire or cutting.
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Fire Management
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A strategy to control the rate of production of smoke and heat by controlling combustion process through suppression/ containment and reducing smoke spread.
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Prescribed Burn
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.A fire deliberately set under controlled conditions in order to reduce the accumulation of dead biomass on a forest floor.
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Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Areas
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An area of land set aside to protect animals and other living things.
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NEPA
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Committee established to coordinate programs aimed at reducing pollution and protecting the environment.
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Environmental Impact Study
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Statement required by Federal law from all agencies for any project using federal funds to assess the potential affect of the new construction or development on the environment.
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Suburban Lands
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An area that typically surrounds the central city, often residential but not as densely populated.
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Exurban Lands
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An area similar to a suburb, but unconnected to any central city or densely populated area.
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Urban Sprawl
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The process of urban areas expanding outwards, usually in the form of suburbs, and developing over fertile agricultural land.
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Urban Blight
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The degradation of the built and social environments of the city that often accompanies and accelerates migration to the suburbs.
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Induced Demand
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The phenomenon in which increase in the supply of a good causes demand to grow.
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Zoning Regulations
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Spells out what types of buidings can be built in specific locations in a city and what they can be used for.
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Transit-Oriented Development
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Development that attempts to focus dense residential and retail development around stops for public transportation, a component of smart growth.
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Infill
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Development that fills in vacant lots within existing communities.
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Urban Growth Boundaries
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A regional boundary, set in an attempt to control urban sprawl by mandating that the area inside the boundary be used for higher density urban development and the area outside to be used for lower density development. Used by local governments as a guide to zoning and land use decisions.
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Eminent Domain
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Allows the government to take property for public use but also requires the government to provide just compensation for that property.
