AP World History First Civilization SPICE Charts – Flashcards
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Huang He: Social
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Emphasis on patriarchy and family (ancestral respect); highly stratified social ranking based on occupation.
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Huang He: Political
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Government formed to combat nomadic invaders/manage intricate irrigation system; Nomadic warrior kings who controlled through vassals who collected tribute. King had "mandate of heaven".
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Huang He: Interaction with Environment
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Isolated by Himalayas and Gobi Desert, dependence on irrigation because of soil as cause for government creation, unpredictable flooding impacts social and cultural practices.
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Huang He: Cultural
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Emphasis on ancestry; oracle bones deciphered through shamans, use of pictographs (literacy).
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Huang He: Economic
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Agriculture and metallurgy, silk, the how, trade with Mesopotamia brings bronze.
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Mesopotamia: Social
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Patriarchy & distinct social classes (slavery).
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Mesopotamia: Political
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City-states ruled by kings that were constantly in control, used religion to justify/strengthen power.
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Mesopotamia: Interaction with environment
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Tigris & Euphrates Rivers were unpredictable--influenced religion; used clay for buildings, record keeping.
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Mesopotamia: Cultural
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Polytheistic, gods embodied nature; Ziggurats (temples); Cuneiform (writing system).
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Mesopotamia: Economic
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Trade increased with conquests; traded with societies in south/Central Asia.
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Indus River Valley (Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro): Social
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Little known--House size differences indicate social hierarchy; evidence of powerful priest class. Extensive job specialization.
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Indus River Valley: Political
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Little known--organized, wide road system suggests government plans; fortifications and granaries suggest government control.
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Indus River Valley: interaction with environment
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Excessive irrigation that led to increasing salinity of soil. Deforestation and soil erosion.
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Indus River Valley: Culture
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Priests very powerful, polytheistic; mother goddess important; writing system.
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Indus River Valley: Economics
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Supported by advanced agricultural system of wheat, rye, peas, rice. Major trading centers between China, southeast Asia, Mesopotamia. Job specialization.
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Nile Valley (Egypt): Social
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Patriarchy; less stratified than Mesopotamia, but king had total power, social mobility possible; limited slavery.
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Nile Valley (Egypt): Political
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Pharaoh not just king but a god, ruled through loyal regional officials who managed regional irrigation/public works, king kept tight/centralized power.
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Nile Valley (Egypt): Interaction with environment
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Mostly isolated from trade and invasion. Predictable flooding cause belief that they could control destiny.
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Nile Valley (Egypt): Cultural
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Polytheistic, chief deities connected to agriculture; very concerned with death preparation and afterlife, rituals of mummification and funerals.
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Nile Valley (Egypt): Economic
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Most were farmers, wheels and bronze arrive from extensive trade with Mesopotamia.
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Andean (Norte Chico): Social
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Gold adornments and superior textiles to show social class; skilled labor class.
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Andean (Norte Chico): Political
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Little known--Evidence of early organized warfare; large areas of diffusion suggests political organization.
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Andean (Norte Chico): Interaction with the environment
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Non-river valley; diverse environment--little rainfall, mountainous, thick jungles.
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Andean (Norte Chico): Cultural
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Most unknown--Jaguar God prominent.
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Andean (Norte Chico): Economic
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Based on agriculture--maize from Mesoamerica, domestication of animals.
