AP World History Chapter 8 – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
Liu Bang
answer
Commander in the Qin army who took over China after the Qin dynasty fell
question
Liu Bang
answer
The founder of the Han dynasty
question
Liu Bang
answer
Emperor who tried to combine the Qin and Zhou government structures but failed and resorted to strict centralization
question
Han Wudi
answer
The greatest emperor of the Han Dynasty who strengthened the centralized rule in China and expanded China's borders
question
Han Wudi
answer
The emperor who ended the Xiongnu threat by establishing colonies in the Central Asian steppes and stealing the Xiongnu's trade
question
Han Wudi
answer
The emperor who began to educate his bureaucrats with a Confucian university but still relied on Legalistic policies
question
Wang Mang
answer
An adviser to a young emperor in the Han Dynasty. He overthrew that emperor and claimed the throne for himself, thus puncturing Han rule for a brief period of time
question
Wang Mang
answer
The socialist emperor. He tried to limit the amount of land a family could hold to fix the unequal land distribution in China
question
Confucius
answer
also known as Kong Fuzi
question
Confucius
answer
A politician who sought to end the Period of Warring States with his many ideals on an ideal ruler, but no one accepted his teachings
question
Confucius
answer
A teacher during the Period of Warring States who developed the teachings in the Analects and developed the concept of Junzi
question
Legalism
answer
One of the philosophies that arose during the Period of Warring States. It was a blunt approach to government and was dedicated to strengthening China at all costs
question
Legalism
answer
The philosophy that was primarily used to bring China out of the Period of warring States and used in the Qin and Han dynasties
question
Li
answer
One of the three Confucian values that called for a sense of propriety among political leaders. It also one should revere their superiors.
question
Xiao
answer
One of the three Confucian values that teaches of filial piety, the importance of family, and the veneration of ancestors
question
Ren
answer
One of the three Confucian values that teaches that junzi should be kind and have a sense of humanity
question
Daoism
answer
One of the philosophies that arose during the Period of Warring States. It taught of how people should become one with nature and achieve internal happiness
question
Daoism
answer
The philosophy that conflicted with Confucianism, saying that society should revert to small, self-sufficient, and austere communities
question
dao
answer
Means "the way" and is the central concept of Daoism
question
dao
answer
A complex concept that is a way to find how the natural world works. It is eternal and unchanging, and it calls for the abandonment of goals and desires
question
wuwei
answer
The chief moral virtue of Daoism that says that in order to obtain internal happiness one most abandon personal striving and education and disengage yourself from worldly affairs
question
Han Dynasty
answer
The dynasty that succeeded the Qin dynasty and was the longest lasting dynasty in Chinese History
question
Han Dynasty
answer
The dynasty that ended due to their unequal distribution of land that led to many rebellions
question
Han Dynasty
answer
The dynasty that relied on centralized administration, Legalistic policies, and Confucian education for their bureaucrats
question
Analects
answer
The book that held Confucius's teachings and was compiled by his students. It teaches of junzi and the three Confucian values
question
Qin Dynasty
answer
The dynasty that applied Legalistic policies to conquer surrounding states to end the Period of Warring States and reunify China under one rule
question
Qin Dynasty
answer
The dynasty that relied on massive agriculture and their military force
question
Qin Dynasty
answer
The dynasty that only ruled for 14 years but laid the foundation of centralized rule in China. They fell to rebellion spurred on by overworking the people
question
Daodejing
answer
A book that means Classic of the Way of Virtue. It taught of basic Daoism values and beliefs
question
Xiongnu
answer
The nomadic people who lived in the steppes above China. They constantly raided China during the Han dynasty but were China's only connection of trade to the west.
question
Maodun
answer
The great king of the Xiongnu who established the nomadic Xiongnu Empire north of China
question
Yellow Turban Uprising
answer
The rebellion that severely weakened the Later Han dynasty. It tested the limits of the emperor's power and was a key factor in the fall of the Han Dynasty
question
Sima Qian
answer
The prime historian and eunuch of the Han Dynasty. He is responsible for reconstructing China's history prior to the Han dynasty
question
Han Fiezi
answer
A supporter of Legalism but student of Xunzi. He wrote powerful and persuasive essays about Legalistic thought a across all of China
question
Mencius
answer
A student of Confucius who was the primary force in the spread of Confucianism across China during the Period of Warring States.
question
Mencius
answer
An optimistic Confucian who emphasized Ren, but was never taken seriously by any political leader
question
Xunzi
answer
An influential Confucian who emphasized Li more so than the other values. He created a Legalistic form of Confucianism which was widespread because he was a government administrator.
question
Xunzi
answer
A Confucian who believed that leaders led by example, and those not beneficial to society should be severely punished
question
Laozi
answer
The sage credited with the creation of Daoism and the Daodejing
question
Shang Yang
answer
The chief minister to the Qin state in the Period of Warring States. He supported Legalistic methods in the state and allowed the state to conquer all of China
question
Eunuchs
answer
Men who have undergone castration to gain a high political status next to the emperor. They are castrated because this prevents them from creating a family that could later challenge the emperor
question
Qin Shihuangdi
answer
The first emperor of the unified Qin dynasty. He overworked the people to build Xianyang, roads, and many canals to facilitate domestic trade
question
Qin Shihuangdi
answer
The emperor that started the tradition of centralized rule in China and also standardized the laws, currency, writing, taxes, and measurements of China
question
Xianyang
answer
The capital of China built by the Qin Dynasty
question
Qin Shihuangdi
answer
The emperor who built the Terra-Cotta army and is buried in that same tomb. He also started the Great Wall of China
