AP World History Chapter 30 Vocab – Flashcards
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Calico Acts
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banned the import of textiles into England, followed by the restriction of sale of most cotton textiles.
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John Kay
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inventor of the flying shuttle, which was a key contribution to the Industrial Revolution
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Samuel Crompton
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an English inventor and pioneer of the spinning industry
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Edmund Cartright
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an English inventor. He graduated from Oxford University very early and went on to invent the power loom
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James Watt
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a Scottish inventor and mechanical engineer whose improvements to the Newcomen steam engine were fundamental to the changes brought by the Industrial Revolution in both his native Great Britain and the rest of the world
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Henry Bessemer
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an English engineer, inventor, and businessman
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George Stephenson
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an English civil engineer and mechanical engineer who built the first public inter-city railway line in the world to use steam locomotives
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Adam Smith
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a Scottish moral philosopher and a pioneer of political economy
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Wealth of Nations
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a book of collected descriptions of what builds nations' wealth and is today a fundamental work in classical economics
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Luddites
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19th-century English textile artisans who protested against newly developed labour-replacing machinery from 1811 to 1817.
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Eli Whitney
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an American inventor best known for inventing the cotton gin
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Henry Ford
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an American industrialist, the founder of the Ford Motor Company, and sponsor of the development of the assembly line technique of mass production
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Corporations
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a separate legal entity that has been incorporated either directly through legislation or through a registration process established by law.
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John D. Rockefeller
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an American business magnate and philanthropist
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IG Farben
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a German chemical industry conglomerate, notorious for its role in the Holocaust
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Demographic Transition
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he transition from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates as a country develops from a pre-industrial to an industrialized economic system
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Thomas Malthus
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an English cleric and scholar, influential in the fields of political economy and demography
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Industrial Families
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the point in time when society moved into a more manufacturing/factory based occupation's
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Men at Work
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some men became owners/managers of factories while the majority served as wageworkers. mens wages constituted to bulk of their families income, professional mean dedicated themselves to self improvement even in their leisure hours.
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Women at Home and Work
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work that is believed to be exclusively the domain of women and associates particular tasks with the female gender
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Child Labor
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the use of children in industry or business, especially when illegal or considered inhumane.
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Socialism
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a political and economic theory of social organization that advocates that the means of production, distribution, and exchange should be owned or regulated by the community as a whole.
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Karl Marx
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a German philosopher, economist, social scientist, sociologist, historian, journalist, and revolutionary socialist.
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Frederick Engels
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a German social scientist, author, political theorist, philosopher, and father of Marxist theory, together with Karl Marx.
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The Communist Manifesto
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A book in which Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels proclaimed the principles of communism
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Count Siege Witte
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late 19th century russian minister of finance who pushed for industrialization
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Proletarian
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urban working class in a modern industrial society
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Bourgeoisie
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middle class in modern industrial society
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Trans Siberian Rail Road
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a railroad traversing Siberia, from Chelyabinsk in the Ural Mountains to Vladivostok: constructed by the Russian government 1891-1916
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Zaibatsu
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japanese term for "wealthy cliques" which are similar to american trusts and cartels but usually organized around one family
