AP US History: Unit 1 Review – Flashcards
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the term for a corporation that allowed investors to pul their financial resources to establish colonies
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Joint-Stock Company
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a royal document that granted a specific group the right to form a colony and guaranteed settlers their rights as a English settler
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charter
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the term for people obligated to forced labor for a fixed number of years in return for passage to the New World
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indentured servant
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primary staple crop of early Virginia, Maryland, and North Carolina
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tobacco
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the only southern colony with a slave majority
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South Carolina
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the primary plantation crop of South Carolina
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grain (rice)
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the colony founded as a safe haven for Catholics
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Maryland
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the site of the first permanent english colony
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Jamestown, Virginia
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founded as a buffer between Spain and the English colonies; debtors and criminals were sent here by the English
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Georgia
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an agreement by the Pilgrims to establish a civil body politic and submit to majority rule
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Mayflower Compact
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the basic political institution of New England in which all freemen gathered to elect officials and debate local affairs
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town meeting
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a plan by the Puritan ministers to offer partial church membership through baptism
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Halfway Covenant
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small but profitable trade route that linked New England, Africa, and the West Indies
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Triangular Trade
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an emotional religious revival of the 1730s and 1740s
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The Great Awakening
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the dominant religious group in the Massachusetts Bay Colony
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Puritans
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religious group that settled primarily in Pennsylvania
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Quakers
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a rebellion led by angry frontiersmen in Virginia against the governor because he did not offer enough protection against the Indian raids
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Bacon's Rebellion
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started with adolescent girls and ended with death of 20 people
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Salem Witchcraft Trials
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a rebirth of languages and sciences throughout Europe as well as colonies
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Enlightenment
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the period in which the colonies were free to live as they pleased and trade with various countries
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Salutary Neglect
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the term given to the plan to increase education by requiring towns of 50 or more families to have a primary school
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New England Model/Standard
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the term given to William Penn's plan to create Pennsylvania as a safe haven for many religions
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Holy Experiment
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the term given to the concept of farming for survival
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subsistance farming
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the largest city in all of the colonies until the mid 1700s
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Philadelphia
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the term given to the act that created Maryland as a safe haven to Catholics
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Act of Toleration
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the term given to those who were predestined for heaven
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Saints/Elect
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the person who founded Rhode Island as a safe haven for Catholics
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Roger Williams
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name the first Constitution in America
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The Fundamental Order of Connecticut
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an alliance formed to provide protection for the northern colonies
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New England Confederation
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the first government created to control colonies created by the king
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Dominion of New England
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the founder and governor of Georgia
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James Oglethorpe
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founder of Maryland
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Lord Baltimore/Calverts
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the harshest part of the slave trip in which many died because of conditions
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Middle Passage
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key jobs that made the New England economy
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shipbuilders, merchants, farmers
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the country which originally claimed New York
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Netherlands/Dutch
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the colonies that comprise the New England region
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Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New Hampshire
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the colonies that comprise the Middle region
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Pennsylvania, New York, New Jersey, Delaware
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the colonies that comprise the the Chesapeake region
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Virginia, Maryland
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the colonies that comprise the Southern region
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Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina
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reasons for the settlement of North America
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religion, gold (money), abundant amount of criminals, glory, land, resources
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the culture of Indian peoples was shaped primarily by these two traditions:
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the practice of foraging and farming
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among the MOST important contributions that the Spanish made to the New World in the continental exchange was/were:
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domesticated animals and livestock
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the MOST important reason for the population decline that occurred in native population in the wake of the Spanish conquest
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disease
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by establishing a "frontier of inclusion" the Spanish developed communities:
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of large-mixed ancestry groups
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French interest in the Indians was based primarily in
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commercial concerns
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the cultivation of tobacco by the English colonists
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created pressure for more expansion into Indian territory
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the Plymouth colony was
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a successful and strong community
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the Puritans were unique in the seventeenth century colonies of North America because of their
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impressive educational system
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the LEAST true of community life in the Chesapeake of the 1600s
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colonists were developing a distinctive American culture
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Maryland was the only English colony in North America with a substantial MINORITY of
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Catholics
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About half of the slaves imported to the New World between 1701 and 1810 were delivered to
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the Caribbean Basin
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Before the 1730s, the most profitable activity of the early Carolina economy was
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the Indian slave trade
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During the 18th century, the middle colonies exhibited certain characteristics that distinguished them from New England. Among these was/were
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high rates of mobility
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English authority made the Church of England the official state religion in
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the Chesapeake colonies
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Eighteenth century slave masters were reluctant to allow their slaves to become Christians because
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they feared Christianity would give the slaves dangerous ideas about freedom
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the majority of farmers of eighteenth century North America were interested in
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small self-sufficient communities
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an Enlightenment thinker would emphasize that
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humans were capable of understanding natural laws and using them to improve their condition
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the Great Awakening had its deepest effects in
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the young people
