AP US History Chapter 3 – Flashcards
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Separatists
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Puritans who only wanted visible saints in the Churches and wanted to leave the Church
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Mayflower
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boat the Separatists used to go to New England
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Captain Miles Standish
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soldier who turned out to be a good Indian fighter and negotiator
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Mayflower Compact
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Precedent to further constitutions- establishment of self-government
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William Bradford
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governor of Plymouth- worried about non-Puritan settlers
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Massachusetts Bay Colony
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colony formed by the Puritans to get away from attacks from conservatives in England
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Great Migration
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1630s- 70,000 refugees left England for New World
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John Winthrop
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1st governor of Massachusetts colony
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City Upon a Hill
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name of Massachusetts colony symbolizing how it will be a Puritan example that others will look up to
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John Cotton
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Puritan- enforced the religious rules
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Blue Law State
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nickname for Connecticut- had strict Puritan laws (no kissing in public)
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Michael Wigglesworth
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poet who wrote a very detailed description of Puritan Hell
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Anne Hutchinson
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Puritan woman who challenged predestination- antinomianism
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Antinomianism
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couldn't be saved by good actions, so the truly saved need not obey the laws of God or man
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Roger Williams
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Extreme separatist- condemned Bay colony for taking land from Indians- thought government should not regulate religious behavior
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Rogues Island
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nickname for Rhode Island- founded by Roger Williams for outcasts- freedom of religion
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Thomas Hooker
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Reverend who led a group of Puritans west to Connecticut
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Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
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modern constitution- established a more democratically controlled government- written by Connecticut River settlers
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Squanto
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Wampanoag indian who learned English- helped keep peace w/ settlers
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Wampanoags
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indian tribe that tried to be peaceful
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Massasoit
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wampanog chief who signed a treaty w/ the Pilgrims and celebrated Thanksgiving
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Pequot War
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1637- war between the colonists and the Pequot tribe- ended in destruction of the tribe and uneasy peace
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Metacom (King Philip)
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Indian who united the tribes and defeated 52 Puritan towns
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King Philip's War
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1676- united tribes and attacked Puritans- slowed Western expansion- killed Indians
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New England Confederation
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1643-1686- 4 colonies banded together- all Puritan- step toward American unity
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Dominion of New England
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1686- 1688- created in London- regulated trade (Navigation Acts) and increased defense against Indians in colonies
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Sir Edmund Andros
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head of new Dominion- open affiliation w/ Church of England, decreased the power of local authority- hated in the Puritan colonies
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Navigation Laws
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laws that restricted American trade with other countries
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Glorious Revolution
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event in England that dethroned James II and throned William III- caused the collapse of the Dominion in the colonies
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Salutary Neglect
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period of time where the Navigation Laws were weakly enforced
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Henry Hudson
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English explorer- employed by the Dutch to explore the New World- claimed Hudson Bay
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Dutch East and West India Companies
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companies controlled by the Dutch to explore
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New Netherlands
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Hudson river area
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New Amsterdam
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New York City area- bought for a small amount- run for Dutch company- harsh rules
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Patroonships
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big feudal estates granted to promoters who would settle 50 people on them
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Wall Street
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derives name from wall built on Manhattan that protected them from Indians
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Peter Stuyvesant
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general in New Netherland- fought the Swedish and was forced to surrender New Amerterdam
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Religious Society of Friends
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official name for the Quakers
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William Penn
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founded the Pennsylvania colony for the Quakers
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Tammany
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indian chief who sold Pennsylvania to William Penn
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