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________________ College holds the distinction of being the first college for women.

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Vassar

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National elections between 1856 and 1912 were characterized by __________________ contests

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closely won

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Because late-nineteenth century Americans tended to tolerate gross waste and corruption so long as it did not interfere with their own pursuit of profit, Mark Twain labelled this period the _________________

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Gilded Age

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During the Gilded Age, the legislative body known as a "_________________" was the Senate

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Rich Man's Club

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The mammoth organization of Union Army veterans that quickly became a powerful national political pressure group was the _______________ of the Republic.

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Grand Army

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In 1869, __________ introduced the elective system and took the lead in reforming higher education in the Gilded Age.

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Harvard

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The __________________ land-grant university system was co-educational from the start.

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Morrill

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In the late nineteenth century, Johns Hopkins, Jonas Clark, and John D. Rockefeller were all

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philanthropists who established universities

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The most influential social Darwinist was the English thinker

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Herbert Spencer

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The leader of what was called progressive education was

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John Dewey

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The leading publisher of magazines directed at average citizens in the 1860s and 1870s

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Frank Leslie

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In his frontier thesis, Frederick Jackson Turner argued that

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it gave Americans unique character

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American painters of the late 19th century such as Winslow Homer and Thomas Eakins painted in a style called

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realism

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The black leader most identified with the "Atlanta Compromise" was

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Booker T. Washington

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The doctrine of "separate but equal" facilities was handed down by the Supreme Court in

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Plessy v. Ferguson

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The most notorious of all city bosses was

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Boss Tweed

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A leading magazine editor and crusading reformer of the early 20th century was

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S.S. McClure

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Theodore Roosevelt called the progressive-era journalists who investigated corruption and fraud in American business and politics

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Muckrakers

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Samuel M. "Golden Rule" Jones, Tom L. Johnson, and Seth Low were all

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progressive mayors

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Legislation protecting workers against on-the-job accidents was inspired by the disastrous

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Triangle Shirt Waist Factory Fire

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The small-town businessman who led an "army" of the unemployed on a march to Washington, D.C. in 1894 was

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Jacob Coxey

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the dramatic "Cross of Gold" speech won the 1896 Democratic presidential nomination for

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William Jennings Bryan

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In Muller v. Oregon (1908) attorney Louis Brandeis presented a so-called "Brandeis brief" to the Supreme Court, which was based on

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economic and sociological evidence

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Woodrow Wilson advocated a program called the

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New Freedom

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In 1912 the breakup of the Republican party produced an independent third party, the Progressives, led by

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Theodore Roosevelt

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Taft got into political hot water in the 1910 "Ballinger-Pinchot" controversy, which dealt with

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conservation

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The politician who advocated a New Nationalism was

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Theodore Roosevelt

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President ________ called his policy of influencing other countries without actually controlling them "dollar diplomacy."

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Taft

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Theodore Roosevelt handpicked ________ to succeed him and carry out his policies

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Taft

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Upton Sinclair's novel The Jungle exposed

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filthy conditions of Chicago slaughterhouses.

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The primary result of the 1906 Hepburn Act was to

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make the Interstate Commerce Commission more powerful and active

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Theodore Roosevelt believed that the most effective means of dealing with big corporations was to

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regulate rather than eliminate them

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The first progressive president and the advocate of the "Square Deal" was

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Theodore Roosevelt

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One example of the progressive drive for political democracy was the Seventeenth Amendment which

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required the popular election of senators

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On the national level, the Progressive Era saw the completion of the struggle for

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suffrage

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Headed by Florence Kelley and associated with lawyer Louis Brandeis, the most effective women's organization of the Progressive Era was the

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consumer's league

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The banner "progressive" state during the early years of the twentieth century was

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Wisconsin

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The election of 1892 seemed to set up a showdown in the election of 1896 on the issue of the

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Silver

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The earlier group from which the Populist movement emerged was the

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Farmer's Alliance

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The Pendleton Act of 1883 was a triumph for those Americans who sought ________ reform.

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Civil Service

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The presidents during the Gilded Age were mostly _____________ leaders

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weak

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The first newspaper editor to reach a truly massive audience without abandoning his basic integrity was ________________________.

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Joseph Pulitzer

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The ________ plan was an urban reform, pioneered in Dayton, Ohio, whereby city affairs are administered on a nonpartisan basis by a professional.

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City Manager

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One of the roots of progressivism was the late-nineteenth century effort to ____________ and control big business.

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Regulate

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In the election of 1896, McKinley's campaign manager who raised an enormous campaign fund from business was ____________________.

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Marcus Hanna

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The platform of the People's or Populist party called for a ________________.

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Income Tax

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In 1892 the Populist nominee for president was former Union General ____________.

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James B. Weaver

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Big-city bosses inadvertently played a major part in ___________ the immigrants.

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Americanizing

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The New York Democrat who won the "dirty" presidential election of 1884 was ________.

answer

Cleveland

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During 1894 and 1895, at the beginning of ____________ presidency, the economy floundered in one of the worst depressions in American history.

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Cleveland

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In 1881 President ________ was assassinated by Charles Guiteau, an unbalanced office-seeker.

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James A. Garfield

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In 1870, most American colleges were

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small and intellectually stagnant with few professors of any intellectual repute.

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The emphasis of Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. on evolutionary change had a profound impact upon twentieth century

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Jurisprudence

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The "bloody shirt" issue of the late1800s refers to

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Post-Civil War sectional tensions.

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After the election of 1892, it became clear that ______ was of utmost interest to voters.

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the coinage of silver.

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Which of the following was Democratic candidate Woodrow Wilson's term in the 1912 presidential campaign for a proposed policy that would restore competition by breaking up the trusts and punishing corporations that violated rules of business conduct?

answer

New Freedom

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The Coinage Act of 1873, which demonetized silver, came to be known as the ________ by the silver interests.

answer

"Crime of '73"

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A form of education which illustrated the popular desire for new information in the late nineteenth century was the

answer

Chautauqua movement.

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In Thorstein Veblen's Theory of the Leisure Class (1899) he

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theorized that middle-class consumption was done mainly for superficial purposes

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painted realistically, as seen in his graphic surgical painting "The Gross Clinic."

answer

Thomas Eakins

question

Editor of Atlantic Monthly, wrote about common people and controversial social topics.

answer

William Dean Howells

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lived an eccentric life. His best-known painting was of his mother.

answer

James Whistler

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as a pioneering American psychologist and philosopher. He wrote influential books on the young science of psychology, educational psychology, psychology of religious experience and mysticism, and the philosophy of pragmatism

answer

William James

question

Chief leader of the moderate approach to achieving black rights within American society was

answer

Thomas Fortune

question

ran for president, waving bloody shirt and won time grandson of william henry harrison

answer

Benjamin Harrison

question

1912 election

answer

tr failed to win reelection, break republican party up created progressive party

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Progressive mayors

answer

samuel jones, tom johnson, seth low

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ashcan artist

answer

early 20th century artists the slums the focused around progressive political social problems, robert henry george Lukes. turned to city streets slums and the working class for subject matter

AP US History Chapter 19-21 Test

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