question

What was the foundation for the prosperous Native American societies in Mexico, Peru, and the Mississippi River Valley?

answer

The cultivation of maize

question

The Native American settlement known as Cahokia was a

answer

Significant Mississippian city with more than one hundred temple mounds

question

Which of the following was a characteristic of the Aztec, Mayan, and Iroquois civilizations?

answer

Reliance on agriculture

question

Which of the following statements describes the Maya peoples?

answer

They devised a calendar system that predicted solar and lunar eclipses accurately

question

In West Africa, the Ghana Empire (800 A.D. to 1200 A.D.), the Mali Empire (1200s to the 1400s), and the fifteenth-century Songhai Empire shared which of the following characteristics?

answer

The use of gold as the cornerstone of their power

question

Which of the following features characterized most Native North Americans' spiritual views and practices?

answer

Animism

question

Which of the following statements describes Native American peoples east of the Mississippi River?

answer

They had no single style of political organization

question

In 1450, the majority of European men were which of the following?

answer

Peasants

question

Which of the following characteristics did traditional European, Mayan, and Aztec civilizations of the fifteenth century hold in common?

answer

Each was a hierarchical society in which authority came from above

question

Which of the following describes the first peoples who migrated to the Americas?

answer

The group consisted of bands of hunter-gatherers

question

The social order in Europe around 1450 can be described as

answer

Hierarchical and authoritarian

question

John Calvin and Calvinist theologians of the 1500s stressed which of the following ideas?

answer

The doctrine of predestination

question

The European Renaissance began in 1300 in which of the following countries?

answer

Italy

question

Which of the following describes the first ancestors of the Native American peoples?

answer

They were immigrants who came over land from northeasten Asia

question

Which of following is the name for the European practice wherein the eldest son inherited nearly all of his father's estate?

answer

Primogeniture

question

Which of the following was characteristic of both the Mississippian and Pueblo peoples?

answer

Elaborate ceremonial and urban sites

question

Why was the fifteenth-century marriage of Queen Isabel and King Ferdinand of Spain significant?

answer

Together they completed Spain's long campaign to oust Muslims.

question

Which of the following statements describes the Portuguese connection to African slavery in the 1400s?

answer

Portuguese traders ousted Arab merchants as the prime African slave merchants.

question

Merchants from which of the following countries made inroads in the Arab-dominated trade routes of the Mediterranean in the twelfth century?

answer

Italy

question

During most of the sixteenth century, which of the following was the wealthiest nation in Europe?

answer

Spain

question

Which Europeans were represented by guilds in the fifteenth century?

answer

Artisans

question

Which of the following factors eased the Spaniards' conquest of the Aztecs in the sixteenth century?

answer

The internal fighting among warriors over succession to the empire's throne.

question

On October 12, 1492, Columbus, his men, and his ships reached

answer

an island in the Bahamas.

question

Which of the following was a result of the Crusades, which took place between 1096 and 1291 A.D.?

answer

Western European merchants gained awareness of Asian trade routes.

question

As it gained power in Europe, Roman and medieval Catholicism contended with pre-Christian festivals and the agricultural cycle by

answer

integrating them into Christian holy days and biblical teachings.

question

Why did the maritime slave trade expand significantly after 1550?

answer

Europeans were setting up sugar plantations in Brazil and the West Indies.

question

Which of the following explorers is correctly matched with his area of exploration?

answer

Cortés—conquered the Aztec Empire in Mexico

question

Why were Hernán Cortés and his fellow conquistadors able to defeat Moctezuma's army?

answer

The Europeans had an invisible ally—disease.

question

Why did large-scale Native American cultures emerge in the Mississippi Valley of North America around 1000 A.D.?

answer

Maize spread to the Mississippi River Valley around that time.

question

Which of the following statements describes the impact of the Columbian Exchange?

answer

It transported livestock, crops, and diseases among Africa, Europe, Asia, and the Americas.

question

By the time the Europeans arrived in the Western Hemisphere in the 1490s, most Native Americans lived in and along which of the following regions?

answer

Mesoamerica and the western coast of South America

question

Why did Italian merchants join the efforts of Portuguese mariners in searching for an Atlantic route to India in the fifteenth century?

answer

The rising power of the Ottoman Empire restricted their overland access to Asian trade.

question

The Aztecs lived in which of the following present-day locales?

answer

Mexico

question

The Hohokams, Mogollon, and Anasazi peoples who lived in present-day Arizona and New Mexico around A.D. 1000

answer

employed irrigation to grow four or five crops a year.

question

The first phase of the Reformation in the 1500s had its greatest success in which of the following countries?

answer

Germany

question

Why were the Crusades, which took place between 1096 and 1291 A.D., significant in Europe?

answer

The expeditions exposed Europeans to Arab trade goods and their classical heritage.

question

Martin Luther advocated which of the following ideas?

answer

The Catholic Church was corrupt and in need of reform.

question

Which of the following describes family life among Native Americans?

answer

Kinship bonds were sometimes more important than nuclear families.

question

Why were the modern-day countries of Mexico and Peru originally Spain's most significant conquests?

answer

The Inca, Aztecs, and Mayans had great wealth, particularly in gold.

question

How did the Spanish conquistador Francisco Pizarro conquer the Incans by 1535?

answer

The Incans were already weakened militarily and divided because of rival claimants to the throne.

question

The rise of commerce in most of Europe in the fifteenth century shifted the balance of power by favoring which of the following groups?

answer

Monarchs

question

Which of the following describes trading relationships among Native Americans in the period before European contact?

answer

Native Americans developed expansive trade networks that spanned great distances.

question

Which of the following statements describes the status of European monarchs in 1450?

answer

The authority of the monarchs was often challenged by local nobles.

question

Typically, when an English woman of the fifteenth century married, she

answer

owned property jointly with her husband

question

Which of the Pueblo peoples built hundreds of miles of straight roads across the desert in the American Southwest to facilitate trade?

answer

Anasazis

question

Most of the people living in West Africa when European trade began in the early fifteenth century were

answer

Animists

question

Why had Christopher Columbus faded from public view by the time he died in 1506?

answer

He failed to find great treasures or kingdoms.

question

Which of the following statements characterizes the legacy of the Spanish conquest in the New World in the sixteenth century?

answer

The Spanish government and missionaries waged a campaign to suppress indigenous cultures.

question

Which of the following motivations drove the Spanish conquistadors who followed Columbus to the Americas in the early sixteenth century?

answer

Their thirst for battle and riches as well as land in the conquered territory and titles of nobility

question

Which European nation was the first to involve itself in exploration of the Atlantic as a route to Asia and the African slave trade?

answer

Portugal

question

Why did the number of Indians living in Mesoamerica decline from about 30 million in the fifteenth century to approximately 3 million by 1650?

answer

Disease carried by Europeans decimated most Indian tribes who came into contact with them.

question

Which of the following Renaissance-era ideologies celebrated public virtue and service to the state?

answer

Civic humanism

question

Which of the following factors prevented Europeans from seeking to conquer territory in Africa in the fifteenth century?

answer

Coastal kingdoms were too well-defended

question

On the eve of European colonization of the Americans, most Western Europeans lived in

answer

small, relatively isolated rural communities.

question

Which of the following is a significant way in which slavery in the Chesapeake differed from slavery in South Carolina?

answer

The slave population in the Chesapeake increased naturally through reproduction.

question

How did the Glorious Revolution change imperial governance of the colonies?

answer

By granting the colonies increased self-government

question

How did the Treaty of Utrecht change the balance of power between the English, French, and native tribes after 1713?

answer

Britain obtained access through Albany to the western Indian trade.

question

How did the assemblies in Massachusetts, New Jersey, North Carolina, and Pennsylvania restrict the power of the royal governor?

answer

They refused to provide the governors with a permanent annual salary.

question

In Maryland, the aftermath of the Glorious Revolution was characterized by

answer

the establishment of the Church of England as the official church.

question

Which of the following events provoked a major crisis for Puritans in Massachusetts in the seventeenth century?

answer

The annulment of Massachusetts' charter

question

How did Pennsylvania differ from most other colonies?

answer

It guaranteed religious freedom.

question

What spurred slaves to organize the Stono Rebellion in South Carolina in 1739?

answer

The Spanish governor in Florida had promised freedom to fugitive slaves.

question

Which of the following was true of the Restoration Colonies of New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, and the Carolinas in the 1660s?

answer

They were created by Charles II as he expanded English power in America.

question

The response in Massachusetts Bay to the Navigation Acts represents

answer

American resistance to mercantilist policies.

question

What was an effect of the increasing importance of the maritime economy in the northern colonies?

answer

It created a society increasingly divided by levels of wealth.

question

For which of the following reasons did Britain's King James II create the Dominion of New England in 1686?

answer

He aimed to strengthen royal control of the American colonies.

question

The British colonists in eighteenth-century North America enjoyed a significant degree of autonomy over their royal governors mainly due to

answer

their control over governors' salaries.

question

How did South Carolina planters respond in the aftermath of the Stono Rebellion in 1739?

answer

The planters decided to import fewer Africans.

question

For which of the following reasons did the 1686 Dominion of New England anger American colonists?

answer

It invalidated the Massachusetts Bay colony's original land titles.

question

"At last to my new master's house I came, At the town of Wicocc[o]moco call'd by name, Where my Europian clothes were took from me, Which never after I again could see. A canvas shirt and trowsers then they gave, With a hop-sack frock in which I was to slave: No shoes nor stockings had I for to wear, Nor hat, nor cap, both head and feet were bare. Thus dress'd into the Field I nex[t] must go, Amongst tobacco plants all day to hoe, At day break in the morn our work began, And so held to the setting of the Sun. My fellow slaves were just five Transports more, With eighteen Negroes, which is twenty four. . . We and the Negroes both alike did fare, Of work and food we had an equal share. . ." This source most likely originated in which colonial region?

answer

In a colony in the Chesapeake

question

As part of its mercantilist policy in the late seventeenth century, England committed which of the following actions?

answer

Drove the Dutch from New Netherland

question

Which of the following describes the process of tribalization that occurred in America in the early eighteenth century?

answer

Stateless peoples' adaptation to the demands imposed on them by neighboring states

question

Why did the South Atlantic System bring the most wealth to Britain?

answer

American goods had to pass through England before being sold in Europe.

question

Which of the following describes the significance of the Glorious Revolution of 1688 in England and America?

answer

The change represented a major step toward democracy in both England and the North American colonies.

question

"At last to my new master's house I came, At the town of Wicocc[o]moco call'd by name, Where my Europian clothes were took from me, Which never after I again could see. A canvas shirt and trowsers then they gave, With a hop-sack frock in which I was to slave: No shoes nor stockings had I for to wear, Nor hat, nor cap, both head and feet were bare. Thus dress'd into the Field I nex[t] must go, Amongst tobacco plants all day to hoe, At day break in the morn our work began, And so held to the setting of the Sun. My fellow slaves were just five Transports more, With eighteen Negroes, which is twenty four. . . We and the Negroes both alike did fare, Of work and food we had an equal share. . ." The agricultural needs of the crop described in this passage most directly contributed to which of the following?

answer

The emergence of the Atlantic slave trade

question

Why did merchants in the Atlantic trade system of the eighteenth century use bills of exchange?

answer

The documents allowed colonists to sell their goods to one merchant and buy from another.

question

"At last to my new master's house I came, At the town of Wicocc[o]moco call'd by name, Where my Europian clothes were took from me, Which never after I again could see. A canvas shirt and trowsers then they gave, With a hop-sack frock in which I was to slave: No shoes nor stockings had I for to wear, Nor hat, nor cap, both head and feet were bare. Thus dress'd into the Field I nex[t] must go, Amongst tobacco plants all day to hoe, At day break in the morn our work began, And so held to the setting of the Sun. My fellow slaves were just five Transports more, With eighteen Negroes, which is twenty four. . . We and the Negroes both alike did fare, Of work and food we had an equal share. . ." The ideas expressed in the passage above most directly reflect which of the following continuities in U.S. history?

answer

The economic and class tensions resulting after migration to the Western Hemisphere

question

Which of the following changes occurred in white society in the Chesapeake colonies at the same time that slavery was being forced on Africans?

answer

A more rigid class structure with a well-defined and highly visible economic and political elite began to emerge.

question

Which of the following was true of slavery in the American colonies in the eighteenth century?

answer

Slaves created a sophisticated culture with extended kin relationships and traditions.

question

Where did the first colonists who settled South Carolina and introduced racial slavery in the 1660s come from?

answer

Barbados

question

What development was most responsible for the growth of the northern maritime economy?

answer

The wealth of the British sugar colonies

question

The system of salutary neglect that allowed the colonies to prosper with lessened interference from the British was facilitated by the political system under which leader?

answer

Sir Robert Walpole

question

Which agricultural product served as the foundation for the South Atlantic System in the eighteenth century?

answer

Sugar

question

Why did William of Orange's ascension to the throne of England mean a new era of warfare in Europe?

answer

William of Orange was committed to fighting a war to establish English and Protestant dominance.

question

Which of the following statements is true of the Quaker religion in the 1660s?

answer

It taught that God imbued all men and women with an "inner light" of grace.

question

The extent of violence perpetrated by whites against slaves in any particular geographic area depended on which of the following factors?

answer

Its racial composition

question

Which of the following was true for the Iroquois in New York during the period of imperial warfare in the early eighteenth century?

answer

The tribe allied with France and Britain and declared their intention to remain neutral.

question

Alexander Hamilton proposed a tariff soon after the United States government under the Constitution was established to

answer

raise revenue and protect the develop of manufacturing in the United States.

question

Alexander Hamilton's financial plan expected that the revenue necessary to pay the national debt would come from

answer

a protective tariff and excise tax

question

Alexander Hamilton's financial program infringed on

answer

the authority of the state governments and the concept of strict construction

question

Alexander Hamilton's view that Congress had powers to enact legilsation in areas not expressly stated in the Constitution was

answer

loose construction

question

All of the following were part of Alexander Hamilton's economic program except

answer

eliminating the national debt

question

Among other views, The Federalist #10, written by James madison during the ratification debate, argued that the Constitution would

answer

control the negative affects of factions

question

An important provision of the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 is:

answer

established the process by which new states could be created out of territories

question

As Secretary of the Treasury, Alexander Hamilton proposed his funding and assumption programs to

answer

bind the financial and political interests of the wealthy to the federal government

question

Hamiltonian Federalists advocated

answer

a strong central government to which state governments were subordinate

question

In 1798 the Sedition Act was aimed at

answer

silencing critics of the Federalists

question

In the U.S. Constitution, Article I, Section 8, paragraph 18 states that "Congress shall have the power to... make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers..." This section of the Constitution is known as

answer

the Elastic Clause

question

Jeffersonain Republicans objected to the Sedition Act of 1798 on which of the following Constitutional grounds?

answer

It violated First Amendment freedoms of speech and press

question

One of the greatest problems that John Adams and the Federalists faced in the election of 1800 was

answer

Adams's refusal to take the country to war against France

question

Opposition by Thomas Jefferson, and his followers, to the financial plan of Alexander Hamilton resulted in

answer

the emergence of the first American political parties

question

Shays's Rebellion was provoked by

answer

tax increases and bankruptcies of backcountry farmers

question

The Articles of Confederation were finally approved when

answer

states claiming western lands agreed to give them to the national government

question

The authors of the Ferderalist were

answer

James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay

question

The new state constitutions adopted during the American Revolution:

answer

generally included a specific a bill of rights

question

The Northwest Ordinance of 1787 established what precedent for new territories?

answer

Prohibition of slavery

question

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions argued that the authority to determine the constitutionality of a law passed by Congress rested in:

answer

the states

question

The Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions authored by Jefferson and Madison stated that

answer

individual states had the authority nullify national laws by declaring them unconstitutional

question

The Whiskey Rebellion in southwestern Pennsylvania was in response to

answer

the federal excise tax

question

The XYZ Affair in 1797 involved:

answer

the French government's demanding a bribe before allowing a meeting with American envoys

question

Those who opposed ratification of the Constitution were called:

answer

Anti-Federalists

question

Washington's Farewell Address in 1796

answer

warned against the dangers of permanent foreign alliances

question

Which of the following represent the First Party system in the United States?

answer

Federalists and Jeffersonian Republicans

question

Which of the following would be most likely to approve of the Articles of Confederation and oppose the new Constitution?

answer

those who feared strong national government

question

With his proposal that the Federal Government assume the wartime debts of individual states, Alexander Hamilton hoped to

answer

make American citizens more loyal toward the national government

question

England had a clear advantage at the outset of the Revolutionary War, but Americans had which of the following factors operating in their favor?

answer

A more motivated military

question

Which of the following statements characterizes the relative military strengths of the British and Patriot forces during the Revolutionary War?

answer

The British could expect support from thousands of Loyalists in the colonies and many Indian tribes.

question

Which of these events occurred at the Battle of Long Island in August 1776?

answer

General Howe and his British troops forced the Americans to retreat to Manhattan Island.

question

What was significant about George Washington's leading of his troops across the Delaware River on Christmas night in 1776?

answer

Washington's action surprised the enemy and gave the Americans their first real victory.

question

Which of the following statements describes British military strategy during the first two years of the Revolutionary War?

answer

The British were content to demonstrate their superior power and tactics in the hopes of convincing the rebels to surrender.

question

Which of the following describes the Continental army during the Revolutionary War?

answer

Most of its recruits were poor native-born youths and older foreign-born men.

question

Why was the Battle of Saratoga historically significant?

answer

The victory ensured the French would join in an alliance with the Americans.

question

Patriot women contributed to the war effort in the 1770s by

answer

increasing production of homespun cloth.

question

Which of the following factors posed a major problem for the colonies during the American Revolution?

answer

The high price and scarcity of goods

question

Which of the following statements describes the American Revolution's impact on civilians in areas that saw military conflicts?

answer

Both British and American troops were known to loot farms and harass and rape civilian women.

question

To finance the war during its first two years, the new American state governments relied primarily on

answer

printing large quantities of paper money.

question

Which of the following was a consequence of the large increase of paper currency in circulation in the states during the Revolutionary War years?

answer

The paper bills quickly fell in value, becoming nearly worthless.

question

How did the finances of the Continental Congress compare to those of the states during the first two years of the Revolutionary War?

answer

Like the states, the Continental Congress lacked income and issued paper money in an effort to sustain itself

question

Which of the following statements characterizes events at Valley Forge in the winter of 1777-1778?

answer

Through the training of Baron von Steuben, the Continental army emerged as a much tougher and better-disciplined force.

question

France gave serious consideration to an alliance with the rebel colonies primarily because it regarded the war as an opportunity to

answer

exact revenge on Britain for defeat in the French and Indian War and the loss of Canada.

question

The Treaty of Alliance that the French and Americans signed in 1778 included which of the following stipulations?

answer

Neither side would sign a separate peace that failed to recognize American independence.

question

How did the British respond after their loss at the Battle of Saratoga in 1777?

answer

They tried to broker a negotiated settlement with the Americans.

question

What spurred the British Parliament to repeal the Tea Act in 1778?

answer

Parliament hoped it would aid Britain's efforts to seek a negotiated peace with the Continental Congress.

question

The British strategy in its military campaign in the South in 1778 relied on which of the following factors?

answer

A plan to use Loyalists to administer the territories they expected to capture

question

Through which of the following actions did Sir Henry Clinton launch his southern campaign in 1778?

answer

Capturing Savannah, Georgia, and mobilizing hundreds of blacks

question

Which event turned the tide of the war after Britain's series of victories in the South in the late 1770s?

answer

French troops' arrival in Newport, Rhode Island, in 1780

question

Which of the following battles marked the end of the American Revolution in 1781?

answer

Yorktown

question

Which of the following factors made a critical contribution to the outcome of the Battle of Yorktown in 1781?

answer

Washington's feigned attack on Manhattan while French troops set on Virginia

question

Why did the British surrender to the Americans in the Battle of Yorktown in 1781?

answer

The British were outnumbered and cut off from reinforcement or retreat by sea.

question

Which of the following statements explains the Patriots' successful revolution against Great Britain?

answer

About one-third of the population strongly supported the war and was willing to finance the fighting through inflation.

question

Which of the following factors explains George Washington's success as an American military leader?

answer

His ability to maintain the support and morale of Continental Congress, state governments, and the Continental army.

question

Why did British and American diplomats take nearly two years to conclude a peace treaty after the British surrendered at Yorktown?

answer

France and Spain stalled, hoping for some major naval victory or territorial conquest before the official peace.

question

Despite the favorable terms Americans achieved in the 1783 Treaty of Paris, they could not ultimately secure which of the following?

answer

Forgiveness of their debts to British merchants

question

Pennsylvania's constitution of 1776 contained which of the following provisions?

answer

The right of all taxpaying men to hold office

question

Which of the following statements characterized Pennsylvania's democratic constitution of 1776?

answer

Many leading Patriots found its radically democratic elements quite alarming.

question

Why was Abigail Adams a notable figure in the Revolutionary era?

answer

She criticized Patriots like her husband John and insisted on equal legal rights for married women.

question

Although women made few gains in the eighteenth century, they did achieve a degree of progress in 1790 when they won which of the following?

answer

Equal access to public education in Massachusetts

question

What happened to the property of Loyalists during the Revolution?

answer

Most Loyalist property was not seized because doing so would have violated America's republican principles.

question

Which of the following was a result of the Loyalists' exodus during and after the Revolution?

answer

Patriot merchants replaced Tories at the top of the economic ladder.

question

Which of the following was true under the Articles of Confederation?

answer

Most of the power remained with the states.

question

Why did it take the Continental Congress several years to ratify the Articles of Confederation?

answer

Disputes over western land claims led some states to block ratification.

question

Why was the Northwest Ordinance of 1787 significant?

answer

It prohibited slavery in the territory and earmarked funds from land sales for public schools.

question

Which of the following states were eventually created out of the Northwest Territory?

answer

Ohio, Michigan, Wisconsin, and Indiana

question

Why were the land ordinances of the 1780s considered a great accomplishment of the Confederation Congress?

answer

The ordinances provided for orderly settlement and created a fair process for those areas to eventually become fully equal states.

question

Which of the following statements characterizes postwar trends in American trade?

answer

The war had crippled American shipping, which reduced the export of tobacco and other farm goods.

question

Which of the following issues formed the basis for the major political and economic challenges that faced postrevolutionary state governments in the 1780s?

answer

Plentiful but worthless paper currency and big debts

question

What did Shays's Rebellion, which took place in Massachusetts in the winter of 1786-1787, demonstrate to American political leaders?

answer

A stronger national government was needed to solve the nation's monetary problems.

question

The Great Compromise led to which of the following outcomes?

answer

A bicameral legislature with a House of Representatives and a Senate.

question

The three-fifths compromise dealt with which of the following issues?

answer

Slavery

question

Which constitutional provision demonstrated the framers' lack of trust in the "people"?

answer

The method of electing the president

question

The Constitution, as completed on September 17, 1787, gave the national government which of the following?

answer

Broad powers over taxation, military defense, and commerce

question

Why were Delaware, New Jersey, Georgia, and Connecticut among the first to ratify the United States Constitution?

answer

These states wanted a strong government to counter the power of the larger states.

question

American antifederalist Patrick Henry opposed the ratification of the Constitution for which of the following reasons?

answer

He feared high taxes, a large bureaucracy, and a standing army.

question

In Federalist No. 10, James Madison maintained that the constitutional government would accomplish which of the following ends?

answer

Prevent any one faction from becoming dominant

question

To persuade Massachusetts, Virginia, and New York to ratify the Constitution, leading Federalists promised that

answer

a bill of rights would be added to the Constitution.

question

What percentage of the average American colonists' income in the 1760s was typically spent on taxes?

answer

25 percent

question

How did Britain's skyrocketing national debt affect its government in England and America in the 1760s?

answer

The need for higher taxes spurred Britain to increase the size and power of its bureaucracy in England and America.

question

Which of the following was one reason the British sent 7,500 troops to North America after the end of the Great War for Empire in 1763?

answer

The British government sought to prevent future Indian uprisings on the frontier.

question

Which of the following factors was among those that motivated many merchants, artisans, and journeymen to protest against the Stamp Act?

answer

Fear that their personal liberty would be undermined

question

In the 1760s and early 1770s, lawyers and other educated Americans used common-law arguments mainly to

answer

assert the colonists' rights and liberties as Englishmen.

question

In which of the following ways did the Rockingham ministry in Britain fashion a compromise to the Stamp Act crisis in 1766?

answer

It repealed the Stamp Act, lowered the molasses tax, and crafted the Declaratory Act.

question

How did the Daughters of Liberty contribute to the American boycott of British goods in the late 1760s?

answer

They promoted nonimportation by making and wearing homespun cloth.

question

For which of the following reasons did the British government resolve to punish the boycotters and enforce the Townshend Duties by 1769?

answer

Hard-hit by the boycott, British merchants and manufacturers petitioned Parliament to repeal the Townshend Duties.

question

In the decade before the American Revolution, the colonists' achieved the greatest effect by using which of the following means of protest?

answer

Boycotts

question

Which of the following was the purpose of the Tea Act imposed by Parliament on the colonies in May 1773?

answer

The British needed to bail out the financially strapped British East India Company.

question

Why did radical Patriots in the colonies object to the Tea Act of 1773?

answer

They saw it as a bribe to eliminate colonial tax resistance.

question

Why did Chesapeake slave owners increasingly rally to the Patriot cause?

answer

They feared the British would seize control of courts and assemblies in the South if they succeeded in doing so in Massachusetts.

question

Which of the following individuals would have been an unlikely Loyalist in 1776?

answer

A yeoman farmer in Connecticut

question

What prompted many southern yeomen and tenant farmers finally to support independence from Britain in 1775?

answer

Virginia's royal governor's promise to free any slave who joined the Loyalists

question

Why did most southern states oppose tariffs in post-Revolutionary America?

answer

They wanted to import British textiles and other goods as cheaply as possible.

question

Shays's Rebellion was essentially a struggle over what issue?

answer

Lack of debtor-relief legislation

question

What was the root cause for the new opportunities for some women in the revolutionary period?

answer

The republican belief in an educated citizenry

question

Which principle of republicanism was stated in the Declaration of Independence?

answer

Popular sovereignty

question

Which statement assesses the outcome of the Revolutionary War for the French?

answer

They saw increased taxes and national debt.

question

How did the French alliance affect the American cause during the Revolutionary War?

answer

It provided badly needed funds and naval support

question

What was a result of the states and Congress printing large quantities of paper money during the first years of the Revolutionary War?

answer

Rapid inflation drove up the prices of goods, causing widespread unrest and supply problems for the army.

question

Which of the following statements best characterizes the Continental army?

answer

They were inexperienced and poorly supplied.

question

What concession did the Federalists make to the Antifederalists to win the ratification votes in Massachusetts and Virginia?

answer

To support adoption of a bill of rights

question

What element of James Madison's Virginia Plan was retained in the U.S. Constitution?

answer

A three-branch government

question

What was stipulated by the "fugitive clause" written into the U.S. Constitution?

answer

Masters could reclaim slaves who fled anywhere in the United States.

question

Why did Prime Minister Lord North order General William Howe to capture New York City at the beginning of the Revolutionary War?

answer

He wanted to demonstrate Britain's military superiority.

AP test practice pt. 1 – Flashcards

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