AP Psychology Chapter 13: Psychological Therapies – Flashcards
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Therapy
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treatment methods aimed at making people feel better and function more effectively
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Psychotherapy
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therapy for mental disorders in which a person with a problem talks with a psychological professional
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Biomedical Therapy
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Therapy for mental disorders where a person with a problem is treated with biological or medical methods
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Insight Therapies
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therapies where the main goal is helping people gain insight with respect to their behavior, thoughts, and feelings
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Action Therapy
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therapy where the main goal is to change disordered or inappropriate behavior directly
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Psychoanalysis
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Insight therapy based on the theory of freud, emphasizing the revealing of unconscious conflicts
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manifest content
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the actual content of one's dream
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latent content
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the symbolic or hidden meaning of a dream
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free association
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psychoanalytic technique where a patient was encouraged to talk about anything that came to mind without fear of negative evaluations
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resistance
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occurring when a patient becomes reluctant to talk about a certain topic, either changing the subject or becoming silent
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Transference
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in psychoanalysis, the tendency for a patient or client to project positive or negative feelings for important people from the past onto the therapists
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Directive
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therapy where the therapist actively gives interpretations of a client's statements and may suggest certain behavior or actions
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Psychodynamic Therapy
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a newer and more general term for therapies based on psychoanalysis with an emphasis on transference, shorter treatment times, and a more direct therapeutic approach
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Nondirective
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therapy style where the therapist remains neutral and doesnt interpret or take direct actions, just listens to the client talk
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person-centered therapy
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patient does all the talking, therapist listens
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reflection
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therapist restates what the client says rather than interpreting the statements
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authenticity
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the genuine, open, and honest response of the therapist to the client
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Gestalt Therapy
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form of directive insight therapy where the therapist helps clients to accept all parts of their feelings and subjective experiences, using leading questions and planned experiences such as role playing
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behavior therapies
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action therapies based on the principles of classical and operant conditioning aimed at changing disordered behavior without concern for the original causes of such behaviors
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behavior modification
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the use of learning techniques to modify or change undesirable behavior and increase desirable behavior
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systematic desensitization
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behavior technique to treat phobias, client is asked to make a list of ordered fears and taught to relax while concentrating on those fears
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aversion therapy
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undesirable behavior is paired with an aversive stimulus to reduce the frequency of the behavior
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flooding
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treats phobias, person with the phobias intensely exposed to the fear-provoking situation or object
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modeling
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learning through the observation and limitation of others
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participant modeling
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model demonstrates the desired behavior in a step-by-step, gradual process while the client is encouraged to imitate the model
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contingency contract
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formal, written agreement between the therapist and client, where goals for behavioral change are clearly stated
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Cognitive therapy
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therapy that focuses on helping clients recognize distortions in their thinking and replace distorted, unrealistic beliefs with more realistic, helpful thoughts
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cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT)
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goal is to help clients overcome problems by learning to think more rationally and logically
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Rational-Emotive Behavior Therapy (REBT)
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cognitive-behavioral therapy where clients are directly challenged in their irrational beliefs and helped to restructure their thinking into more rational belief statements
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Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
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treats severe depression, where electrodes are placed on either or both sides of someone's head and an electric current is passed through the electrodes that is so strong, it can cause a seizure or a convulsion
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Psychosugery
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surgery performed on brain tissue to relieve or control severe psychological disorders
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prefrontal lobotomy
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connections of the prefrontal lobes of the brain to the rear portions are severed
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bilateral cingulotomy
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electrode wire is inserted to the cingulated gyrus are of the brain with guidance to destroy that area of brain tissue with an electrical current
