AP Psychology Chapter 11 Vocabulary – Flashcards
Unlock all answers in this set
Unlock answersquestion
intelligence
answer
mental quality consisting of the ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations
question
general intelligence
answer
a factor that according to the Spearman and others underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by every task on an intelligence test
question
factor analysis
answer
a statistical procedure that identifies clusters of related items on a test. Identifies the different dimensions of performance that underlie one;s total score
question
savant syndrome
answer
a condition in which a person otherwise limited in mental ability has an exceptional specific skill, such as in computation
question
creativity
answer
the ability to produce novel and valuable ideas
question
emotional intelligence
answer
the ability to perceive, understand, manage and use emotions
question
mental age
answer
a measure of intelligence test performance devised by Binet, the chronological age that most typically corresponds to a given level of performance
question
intelligence test
answer
a method for assessing an individual's mental aptitudes and comparing them with those of others using numerical scores
question
Stanford-binet
answer
the widely used american revision (by Terman at Stanford University) of Binet's original intelligence test
question
aptitude tests
answer
a test designed to predict a person's future performance
question
achievement tests
answer
a test designed to assess what a person has learned
question
Wechsler Adult intelligence scale
answer
the most widely used intelligence test. Contains verbal and performance (no-verbal) subtests
question
normal curve
answer
the symmetrical bell-shaped curve that describes the distribution of many physical and psychological atrributes
question
standardization
answer
defining of meaningful scores by comparison with the performance of a pretested standardization group
question
reliability
answer
the extent to which a test yields consistent results, as assessed by the consistency of scored on two halves of the test, on alternate forms of the test, or on retesting
question
validity
answer
the extent to which a test measures or predicts what it is supposed to
question
content vailidity
answer
the extent to which a test samples the behavior that is of interest
question
criterion
answer
the behavior that a test is designed to predict
question
down syndrome
answer
a condition of retardation and associated physical disorders caused by an extra chromosome in one's genetic makeup
question
expertise
answer
a well-developed base of knowledge
question
imaginative thinking skills
answer
ability to see things in novel ways, to recognize patterns and to make connections
question
venturesome personality
answer
tolerates ambiguity and risk, preserves overcoming obstacles. and seeks new experiences rather than following the pack
question
creative enviroment
answer
sparks, supports and refines creative ideas
question
practical intelligence
answer
required for everyday tasks which are defined with multiple solutions
question
creative intelligence
answer
demonstrated in reacting adaptively to novel situations and generating novel ideas
question
analytical intelligence
answer
assessed by intelligence tests, which present well defined problems with a single right answer
question
intelligence quotient (IQ)
answer
defined originally as the ratio of mental age (ma) to chronological age (ca) multiplied by 100
question
mental retardation
answer
a condition of limited mental ability, indicated by an intelligence score of 70 or below and difficulty adapting demands in life
question
stereotype threat
answer
a self-confirming concern one will be evaluated based on a negative stereotype
question
psychological assessment
answer
the use of specified procedures to evaluate abilities, behaviors, and personal qualities of people
question
formal assessment
answer
the systematic procedures and measurement instruments used by trained professionals to assess an individual's functioning, aptitudes, abilities, or mental states
question
test-retest reliability
answer
a measure of correlation between the scores of the same people on the same test given on two different occasions
question
parallel forms
answer
different versions of a test used to asses test reliability
question
internal consistency
answer
the degree to which a test yields similar scores across its different parts, such as odds versus even items
question
split-half reliability
answer
a measure of correlation between test takers performance on different halfs
question
face validity
answer
the degree to which test items appear to be directly related to the attribute the researcher wishes to measure
question
chronological age
answer
the number of months or years since an individual's birth
question
psychometrics
answer
the field of psychology that specializes in mental testing
question
crystallized intelligence
answer
the facet of intelligence involoving the knowledge a person has already acquired and the ability to access that knowledge
question
fluid intelligence
answer
the aspect of intelligence that involves the ability to see complex relationships and solve problems
question
heritability estimate
answer
a statistical estimate of the degree of inheritance of a given trait or behavior
question
divergent thinking
answer
an aspect of creativity characterized by an ability to produce unusual but appropriate responses to problems
