Question 1

As he attempted to spell the word receive, Tim reminded himself i before e except after c. Tim\'s self-reminder best illustrates the use of

Accepted Answer

a heuristic

Question 2

Myra has such low self-esteem that she typically expects critical comments about her appearance and behavior. Myra\'s behavior best illustrates the dangers of

Accepted Answer

confirmation bias

Question 3

Tapes of abducted and brutalized children may lead many parents to experience exaggerated fears of letting their children walk to school. The exaggerated fears best illustrate the impact of

Accepted Answer

the availability heuristic

Question 4

By encouraging people to imagine their homes being destroyed by a fire, insurance salespeople are especially successful at selling large homeowners\' policies. They are most clearly exploiting the influence of

Accepted Answer

the availability heuristic

Question 5

University students were asked to figure out the rule used to devise the three-number sequence 2-4-6. After generating sets of three numbers to learn whether their sets met the rule, they typically convinced themselves of the wrong rule. Their errors best illustrated the impact of

Accepted Answer

confirmation bias

Question 6

Many people perceive carjackings as more serious threats to their lives than failing to use seatbelts because carjackings are so much more memorable. This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

the availability heuristic

Question 7

We fear too little those events that will claim lives

Accepted Answer

undramatically

Question 8

Stockbrokers often believe that their own expertise will enable them to select stocks that will outperform the market average. This belief best illustrates

Accepted Answer

overconfidence

Question 9

When Larina entered high school she was certain that she would never eat any of the junk food sold in the vending machines. By the end of tenth grade, however, Larina was munching on at least one bag of chips a day. Larina\'s experience best illustrates

Accepted Answer

overconfidence

Question 10

When Larina entered high school she was certain that she would never eat any of the junk food sold in the vending machines. By the end of tenth grade, however, Larina was munching on at least one bag of chips a day. Larina\'s experience best illustrates

Accepted Answer

overconfidence

Question 11

After taking two years of college economics courses, Lionel thinks he knows enough about business to become a millionaire. Lionel should become more aware of

Accepted Answer

overconfidence

Question 12

Students routinely underestimate how much time it will take them to complete assigned course projects. This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

overconfidence

Question 13

Stockbrokers who market their services with confidence that they can outperform the market average in picking stocks are especially likely to

Accepted Answer

appear credible to their customers

Question 14

An unwillingness to give up our beliefs even when the evidence proves us wrong is called

Accepted Answer

belief perseverance

Question 15

Despite overwhelming and highly publicized evidence that Senator McEwan was guilty of serious political corruption and misconduct, many who had supported her in past elections remained convinced of her political integrity. Their reaction best illustrates

Accepted Answer

belief perseverance

Question 16

Encouraging people to elaborate on why their own personal views on an issue are correct is most likely to promote

Accepted Answer

belief perseverance

Question 17

It is very difficult to get someone to change his or her unrealistically negative self-image. This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

belief perseverance

Question 18

People with opposing views of capital punishment reviewed mixed evidence regarding its effectiveness as a crime deterrent. As a result, their opposing views differed more strongly than ever. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

belief perseverance

Question 19

Research findings suggest that the best advice to give people who want to avoid belief perseverance is

Accepted Answer

consider the opposite

Question 20

Andre first became suspicious of his roommate\'s honesty while trying to account for his own missing wallet. Although Andre later recalled that he had left his wallet in the glove compartment of his own car, his newly formed doubt about his roommate\'s honesty remained as strong as ever. Andre\'s irrational suspicion of his roommate best illustrates

Accepted Answer

the belief perseverance phenomenon

Question 21

The value of generating positive first impressions in your initial interactions with a new employer is best underscored by the research on

Accepted Answer

belief perseverance

Question 22

People are often positively impressed by research that supports their own point of view. Asking them whether they would have been equally impressed by the same research if it had provided results that disputed their point of view is likely to inhibit

Accepted Answer

belief perseverance

Question 23

Rochelle is extremely thin but is convinced that she is too fat. Rochelle\'s certainty is best explained by which of the following concepts?

Accepted Answer

belief perseverance

Question 24

In contrast to our explicit conscious reasoning, our seemingly effortless and automatic feelings or thoughts are called

Accepted Answer

intuitions

Question 25

Although intuition can at times hinder rationality, it is often valuable because it facilitates

Accepted Answer

quick decisions

Question 26

If a stranger looks like someone who previously harmed or threatened us in some way, we maywithout consciously recalling the earlier experiencereact warily. This illustrates that our reactions to others may be influenced by

Accepted Answer

intuition

Question 27

Without awareness, we often use highly adaptive heuristics. This best illustrates the value of

Accepted Answer

intuition

Question 28

When asked to indicate whether San Diego or San Antonio has more inhabitants, more German university students answered correctly than did American university students. This best illustrated the adaptive value of a(n)

Accepted Answer

heuristic

Question 29

Experienced chicken sexers can tell you a chick\'s sex at a glance, yet cannot tell you how they do it. Their acquired expertise is such an automatic habit that it feels like

Accepted Answer

intuition

Question 30

Framing refers to

Accepted Answer

the way in which a problem or issue is phrased or worded

Question 31

In writing survey questions, political pollsters who want to gather evidence of people\'s support for particular viewpoints are especially likely to be aware of

Accepted Answer

the framing effect

Question 32

People told that a chemical in the air is projected to kill 10 out of every 10 million people feel more frightened than if told the fatality risk is .000001. This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

framing

Question 33

Which of the following is the best example of framing?

Accepted Answer

A television advertisement for lotion claims that it is made of 75 percent organic materials, not that it contains 25 percent artificial ingredients.

Question 34

Ojinska sold many more raffle tickets when she told potential buyers they had a 10 percent chance of winning a prize than when she told them they had a 90 percent chance of not winning. This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

the framing effect

Question 35

On Monday, the meteorologist forecast a 20 percent chance of rain, so Sheryl took her umbrella to work. On Friday, he reported an 80 percent chance that it would not rain, so Sheryl left her umbrella at home. Sheryl\'s behavior illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

the framing effect

Question 36

A $100 coat marked down from $150 can seem like a better deal than the same coat priced regularly at $100. This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

framing

Question 37

Consumers respond more positively to ground beef advertised as 75 percent lean than to ground beef described as 25 percent fat. This illustrates that consumer reactions are influenced by

Accepted Answer

framing

Question 38

Companies are being encouraged to enroll their employees in a 401(k) plan automatically while allowing them to choose to raise their take-home pay by opting out of the plan. The previous plan had asked employees to opt-in to participate in the plan. Under the opt-out rather than opt-in system, enrollments in 401(k) plans soared. This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

framing

Question 39

People are less upset than when they miss getting an early payment discount than when they are asked to bear a late payment surcharge. This best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

framing

Question 40

People are very likely to decide to be organ donors when the default option on their renewable drivers\' license forms is yes but they can choose to drop out. They are much less likely to decide to be organ donors if the default option on their license forms is no but they can choose to opt in. This best illustrates the effects of

Accepted Answer

framing

Question 41

Spoken, written, or signed words and the ways they are combined to communicate meaning constitute

Accepted Answer

language

Question 42

Language refers to the

Accepted Answer

spoken, written, or signed words and the ways they are combined to communicate meaning.

Question 43

The smallest distinctive sound unit of language is a

Accepted Answer

phoneme

Question 44

The various vowel sounds that can be placed between a t and an n produce words such as tan, ten, tin, and ton. These various vowel sounds represent different

Accepted Answer

phonemes

Question 45

How many phonemes are in the word bats?

Accepted Answer

3

Question 46

How many morphemes are in the word bats?

Accepted Answer

2

Question 47

When Fred pronounced the words this and that, he noticed that they share a common

Accepted Answer

phoneme

Question 48

English words are constructed from about ________ different phonemes.

Accepted Answer

40

Question 49

The smallest speech units that carry meaning are called

Accepted Answer

morphemes

Question 50

Morphemes are

Accepted Answer

the smallest speech units that carry meaning

Question 51

In the words helped and called, the ed ending is a(n)

Accepted Answer

morpheme

Question 52

In the words lightly, neatly, and shortly, the ly ending is a(n

Accepted Answer

morpheme

Question 53

The system of rules in a language that enables us to understand and communicate with others is called

Accepted Answer

grammar

Question 54

Semantics refers to the

Accepted Answer

rules by which we derive meaning from morphemes, words, and sentences.

Question 55

To combine words into grammatically sensible sentences, we need to apply proper rules of

Accepted Answer

syntax

AP PSYCH UNIT 7B 3 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards