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As members of the human family, we all share a common

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Biological heritage

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The study of the relative power and limits of genetic and environmental influences on behavior and personality traits is known as

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Behavior genetics

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A behavior geneticist would be most interested in studying hereditary influences on

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Personality traits

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A segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a specific protein is called a

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gene

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The threadlike structures that contain genes are called

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Chromosomes

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Chromosomes are located with human

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Genes

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Chromosomes are composed of

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DNA

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Twin studies suggest that Alzheimer's disease in influenced by

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Heredity

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Twin studies suggest that a strong influence on emotional instability comes from

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Genetic predispositions

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Although identical twins have been shown to have some amazing psychological similarities one should be cautious about attributing these similarities to genetic factors because

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Any two strangers are likely to share a string of coincidental similarities

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Studies of identical twins who had been reared apart most clearly highlight the importance of ______ in personality development

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Home environments

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Identical twins separated at birth and raised in completely different cultures would be most likely to have similar

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temperaments

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Adoptive parents are most likely to influence _______ of their adopted child

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Political attitudes

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An infants temperament refers most directly to it's

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Emotional excitability

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Pat is normally very restless and fidgety whereas Shelley is usually quiet and easy going. The two children most clearly differ in

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Temperament

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Difficult babies with an intense and highly reactive temperament tend to me

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Irritable and unpredictable

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Our enduring personality traits are first evident in our differing

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temperaments

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In order to estimate trait heritability researchers are most likely to make use of

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Twin studies

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A researcher who assesses the heritability of intelligence is most likely a

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Behavior geneticist

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An African butterfly that is green in the summer turns brown in the fall thanks to a temperature controlled genetic switch. this best illustrates that genes are

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Self regulating

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Gender differences in heritable personality traits cannot necessarily be attributed to male female genetic differences because

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Heritable traits can be influenced by social environments

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The unique temperaments of children evoke predictable responses from their caregivers. this best illustrates ____ of nature and nurture

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Interaction

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Because Marla is the first girl in her 4th grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. Marla's sense of isolation and embarrassment result from the interaction of

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Nature and nurture

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Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of behavior and the mind using principles of

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Natural selection

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Dmitry Belyaev and Lyudmila Trut successfully domesticated wild foxes by means of

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Selective mating

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The reproductive advantage enjoyed by organisms best suited to a specific ecological niche is known as

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Natural selection

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A random error in gene replication is known as

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Mutation

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If a genetically based attraction to beautiful people contributes to survival that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations, this best illustrates

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Natural Selection

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Evolutionary psychologists emphasize that environmentally adaptive behaviors are those that have promoted

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Reproductive success

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If a genetic predisposition to fear darkness contributes to reproductive success, that trait will likely be passed on to subsequent generations. this best illustrates

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Natural selection

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According to evolutionary psychologists behaviors that promote reproductive success are likely to be

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Genetically predisposed

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according to evolutionary psychologists out predisposition to overconsume fatty junk foods illustrates that we are biologically prepared to behave in way that promote the _____ of our ancestors

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Reproductive success

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When male and female student research assistants at Florida State University sexually propositioned an attractive person of the opposite sex, their invitations were accepted by

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A sizeable minority of men but virtually no women

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Brittla spends a lot of money on cosmetics and expensive clothing in order to attract a desirable mate. according to evolutionary psychologists, Brittla's behavior is a product of

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Genetic predispositions

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Identical twins are most likely to share a similar prenatal environment if they share the same

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Gender schemas

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A stimulating environment is most likely to facilitate the development of a child's

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Neural connections

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Compared to environmentally impoverished rats, those rats housed in enriched environments experienced a dramatic increase in the number of their

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Synapses

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It has been suggested that our sensitivity to peer influence is genetically predisposed because it has facilitated the process of human mating. this suggestion best illustrates

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An evolutionary perspective

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Kids choose peers who share their own attitudes and interests as their friends. this best illustrates

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Selection effect

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Cultural diversity best illustrates our

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Adaptive capacities

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The preservation of innovation best illustrates the survival value of

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culture

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The enduring traditions ideas attitudes and behaviors shared by a large group of people and transmitted from one generation to the next define their

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Culture

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Those who study cultural influences on behavior are most likely to highlight the importance of

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Norms

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The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of

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Norms

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A willingness to switch jobs and move from on part of the country to another best illustrates one of the consequences of

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Individualism

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A collectivist culture is especially likely to emphasize the importance of

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Social harmony

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People living inn a culture that promotes collectivism are more likely than those in individualist cultures to report experiencing

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Family loyalty

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One would not observe unusually high rates of divorce in culture that promote

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collectivism

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Returning personal favors to those who have shown you kindness is especially likely to be emphasized in cultures characterized by

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Individualism

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Innovation and creativity and religious and ethnic diversity are most likely to be appreciated in a culture characterized by

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Individualism

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The importance of romance in marriage relationships is most strongly emphasized in cultures characterized by

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Individualism

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Genetically female children exposed to excess testosterone during prenatal development subsequently exhibit more tomboyish behaviors than most girls. In order to avoid overestimating the influence of prenatal hormones on these behaviors, it should be noted that these children

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Have unusually reactive temperaments

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Gender role refers to

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A set of expected behaviors of males and females

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When teased by his older sister, 9 year old waldo does not cry because he has learned that boys are not expected to. Waldo's behavior best illustrates the importance of

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Gender roles

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Maria has always taken responsibility for preparing family meals because she learned that this was expected of women. Her behavior best illustrates the importance of

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Gender roles

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Gender identity refers to

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The sense of being male or female

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The impact of rewards and punishments on gender typing is most clearly emphasized by

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Social learning theory

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Children's tendency to classify toys and songs as either masculine or feminine is most likely to facilitate the process of

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gender typing

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An integrated understanding of gender differences in ehavior in terms of gender roles, sex hormones, and individual expectations regarding gender appropriate behavior is most clearly provided by

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A Biopsychosocial approach

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By insisting that humans are nothing but products of natures and nurture we run the greatest risk of

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Individual Responsibility

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