question

What are characteristics of abnormal behavior.

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dysfunction, deviance, distress, maladaptation, result of distorted thoughts

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GAD

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low grade anxiety due to sympathetic nervous system arousal

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OCD

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anxiety disorder in which rituals are performed to reduce anxiety inducing thoughts

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Phobia

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can be specific or social

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PTSD

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marked by hyper vigilance, nightmares, and reliving of trauma

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Panic

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intense feelings of dread and anxiety

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Major Depressive

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marked by two weeks or more of lack of pleasure, reduced mood, and lack of concentration

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Dysthymia

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low grade depression lasting more than two years

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SAD

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lack of light induced depression

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DID

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formerly known as multiple personality disorder

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Dissociative Fugue

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"becoming" someone else and living a whole new life

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Schizophrenia

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marked by hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking, and inappropriate affect

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Conversion

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man goes blind after seeing his parents have sex although there is nothing wrong with his eyes

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Illness Anxiety Disorder aka Hypochondriasis

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feeling you are sick when you are not

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Antisocial Personality Disorder

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no conscience

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Narcissistic Personality Disorder

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need for admiration, grandiose sense of self, lack of empathy

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An important feature of client-centered therapy is

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active listening

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In which form of therapy is unwanted behavior systematically associated with unpleasant experiences?

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aversive conditioning

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Which form of therapy is most likely to emphasize the importance of examining a person's role within a social system?

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family therapy

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In treating alcohol dependency, therapists have clients consume alcohol that contains a nausea-producing drug. This technique is known as

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aversive conditioning

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One good alternative to antidepressant drugs is

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aerobic exercise

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Aaron Beck has used gentle questioning intended to reveal depressed clients' irrational thinking. His therapeutic approach best illustrates

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cognitive thinking

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Which drugs appear to produce therapeutic effects by blocking receptor sites for dopamine?

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antipsychotic drugs

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Carl Rogers is known for the development of

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client-centered therapy

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Two counterconditioning techniques for replacing unwanted responses include

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aversive conditioning and exposure therapy

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Which form of therapy would most likely help depressed patients by teaching them how to resolve disagreements with their friends?

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interpersonal psychotherapy

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Instead of focusing on the cure of psychological disorders, ________ therapies seek to promote personal growth and self-fulfillment.

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humanistic

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A physician who specializes in the treatment of psychological disorders is called a

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psychiatrist

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Deep-brain stimulation has been reported to provide relief from

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depression

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According to psychoanalysts, resistance refers to the

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blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material during therapy.

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Psychological research on the principles of learning has most directly influenced the development of

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behavior therapy

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Antidepressant drugs are increasingly being prescribed for the treatment of

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anxiety disorders

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Xanax and Ativan are ________ drugs.

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antianxiety

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Helping people gain insight into the unconscious origins of their disorder is a central aim of

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psychoanalysis

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An integrated therapy that aims to modify both self-defeating thinking and maladaptive actions is known as

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cognitive-behavior therapy

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Which of the following therapists introduced the use of free association?

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Sigmund Freud

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Mental health therapies that involve prescribed drugs or other procedures that act directly on a patient's nervous system are

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biomedical therapies

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The expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier relationships is known as

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transference

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Insight therapies aim to improve psychological functioning by

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increasing patients' awareness of their own motives and defenses.

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Light exposure therapy was developed to relieve symptoms of

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depression

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Carl Rogers referred to a caring, nonjudgmental attitude as

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unconditional positive regard

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Which of the following procedures is most likely to result in a loss of memory?

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electroconvulsive therapy

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Which drugs are designed to depress central nervous system activity?

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anti anxiety drugs

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A procedure that trains people to make new responses to stimuli that currently trigger unwanted responses is called

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counterconditioning

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SSRIs are prescribed to

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elevate arousal and mood

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Prozac, Zoloft, and Paxil are called SSRIs because they

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slow the normal reabsorption of excess serotonin from synapses

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Teaching people to stop blaming themselves for failures and negative circumstances beyond their control is of most direct concern to ________ therapists.

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cognitive

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Which of the following biomedical treatments provides some of the benefits of ECT without triggering seizures or memory loss?

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repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation

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Which form of psychotherapy is especially effective in coping with depression and reducing suicide risk?

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cognitive

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Electroconvulsive therapy has proven to be effective in the treatment of

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depression

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Lithium has been found to be especially effective in the treatment of

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bipolar disorder

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Sigmund Freud introduced a form of psychotherapy known as

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psychoanalysis

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Antipsychotic drugs have proved helpful in the treatment of

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schizophrenia

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A token economy represents an application of the principles of

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operant conditioning

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Some antidepressants block the reuptake or breakdown of both serotonin and another neurotransmitter, norepinephrine. These antidepressants are called

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dual-action drugs

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Which of the following procedures has typically resulted in patients becoming permanently lethargic?

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lobotomy

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Repeatedly introducing people to things they fear and avoid is most characteristic of

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exposure therapies

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Group therapy is typically more effective than individual therapy for

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enabling people to discover that others have problems similar to their own

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Tardive dyskinesia is often associated with long-term use of drugs that occupy certain ________ receptor sites.

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dopamine

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Dual-action antidepressant drugs work by increasing the availability of

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norepinephrine and serotonin

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The biomedical treatment most widely used today is

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drug therapy

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Praising socially withdrawn children when they have eye contact with others and ignoring them after a temper tantrum best illustrates an application of

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operant conditioning

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An abnormal shrinkage of cerebral tissue is most likely to be associated with

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schizophrenia

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Exhibiting two or more distinct and alternating personalities is a symptom of a(n)

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DID

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Cognitive changes that accompany depression include a(n)

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increased expectation of negative outcomes

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Inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity are major symptoms of

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ADHD

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A major depressive disorder is most likely to be characterized by

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feelings of personal worthlessness

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Compulsions are best described as

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repetitive behaviors

question

Hypochondriasis also known as illness anxiety disorder is characterized by

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the misinterpretation of normal physical sensations as symptoms of a disease

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Psychiatrists and psychologists are most likely to consider socially unusual behavior as disordered if it is

answer

personally distressful

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Dissociative disorders are most likely to be characterized by

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disruptions in conscious awareness and sense of identity.

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An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts and actions is called a(n)

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OCD

question

The discovery that psychologically disordered behavior could result from syphilis infections facilitated the credibility and acceptance of

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the medical model

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Obsessions are

answer

offensive and unwanted thoughts that persistently preoccupy a person.

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In which of the following disorders is a person continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic arousal?

answer

GAD

question

Compared with men, women are much more likely to be diagnosed as suffering from

answer

depression

question

An antisocial personality disorder is most likely to be characterized by

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lack of guilt feelings

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Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes are called

answer

mood disorders

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False beliefs of persecution that may accompany schizophrenia are called

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delusions

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In which disorder do people alternate between states of lethargic hopelessness and wild overexcitement?

answer

bipolar disorder

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A conversion disorder is most likely to be characterized by

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very specific physical symptoms that have no apparent physiological basis.

question

A psychological disorder in which the symptoms take a bodily form without apparent physical cause is a

answer

somato form disorder

question

Which group of severe disorders is characterized by disorganized thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions?

answer

schizophrenia

question

A fundamental problem with the diagnostic labeling of psychologically disordered behaviors is that the labels often

answer

bias our perceptions of the labeled person

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