question

During a hearing test, many sounds were presented at such a low level of intensity that Mr. Antall could hardly detect them. These sounds were below Mr. Antall's

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Absolute Threshold

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Behaviorists dismissed the value of

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introspection

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Dr. Santaniello conducts basic research on how children's moral thinking changes as they grow older. It is most likely that Dr. Santaniello is a(n) ________ psychologist.

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Developmental

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Who would have been most likely to ignore mental processes and to define psychology as "the scientific study of observable behavior"?

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John B. Watson

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Perceiving the color, motion, and form of a bird in flight illustrates

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Parallel Processing

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Which philosopher was the first to conclude that knowledge results from our memories of our experiences?

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Aristotle

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The minimum amount of stimulation a person needs to detect a stimulus 50 percent of the time is called the

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Absolute Threshold

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process by which the lens changes shape to focus images on the retina.

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Accommodation

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The study of phenomena such as clairvoyance and telepathy is called

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Parapsychology

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As the brain receives information about the lines, angles, and edges of objects in the environment, higher-level cells process and interpret the information to consciously recognize objects. This process best illustrates

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Perception

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Bottom-up processing involves analysis that begins with the

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Sensory Receptors

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In explaining human behavior, psychoanalysts are likely to focus on ________, whereas humanistic psychologists concentrate on ________.

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childhood

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The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

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Contemporary psychology

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The detection and encoding of stimulus energies by the nervous system is called

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Sensation

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As you look at an apple, its reflected light travels to the eye. The rods and cones absorb the light and help transmit the information to the brain. This process best illustrates

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sensation

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The method of introspection was used by Titchener to identify

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elements of sensory experiments

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The adjustable opening in the center of the eye is the

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Pupil

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Which area of psychology might be best suited to investigate the following research question: what happens in our brain when we forget details about stressful life events, and how does this process affect behavior?

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cognitive nueroscience

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The ability to pay attention to only one voice at a time is called

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The cocktail party effect

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The pop-out phenomenon illustrates that some stimuli almost inevitably trigger

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difference threshold

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Who would be most likely to emphasize the role of the unconscious in affecting behavior?

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Sigmund Freud

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The survival of organisms best suited to a particular environment is known

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Natural Selection

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In the early 1960s, the cognitive revolution in psychology involved a renewal of interest in the scientific study of

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mental processes

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Which approach is most directly concerned with assessing the relative contributions of heredity and experience to personality development?

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Biopsychosocial

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Arguments as to whether psychological differences between men and women result from biological or social influences most clearly involve a debate over the issue of

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nature vs nurture

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The process by which we select, organize, and interpret sensory information in order to recognize meaningful objects and events is called

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perception

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Diminished sensitivity to an unchanging stimulus is known as

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Sensory Adaptation

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You typically fail to consciously perceive that your own nose is in your line of vision. This best illustrates

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selective attention

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The distinctive feature of the psychodynamic perspective is its emphasis on

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unconcious conflicts

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The biological perspective in psychology would be most likely to emphasize that behavior is influenced by

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blood chemistry

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Which professional specialty focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of people with psychological disorders?

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Clinical Psychology

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Professor Brody attempts to measure the relative contributions of inborn traits and social influences on sexual behavior. Her research efforts best illustrate the interests of the ________ approach.

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Biopsychosocial

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In University of Utah driving-simulation experiments, students conversing on cell phones were slower to detect and respond to traffic signals. This best illustrates

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Selective Attention

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The first psychological laboratory was established by

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Wilhelm Wundt

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The psychologist most likely to help an attorney make selections of jury members is a(n) ____ psychologist.

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Forensic

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retinal receptors that detect black, white, and gray; necessary for peripheral and twilight vision, when cones don't respond.

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Rods

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the psychological viewpoint that the focuses on the how people (and other animals) process, store, and retrieve information and how this information is used to reason and solve problems.

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The cognitive perspective

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an organized whole. These type of psychologists emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes

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A gestalt

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The process by which our sensory systems convert stimulus energies into neural messages is called

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perception

question

The personality theorist, Sigmund Freud, was an Austrian

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physician

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