AP Psych Chapter 15 Part II – Flashcards
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terror-management theory
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proposes that faith in one's worldview and the pursuit of self-esteem provide protection against a deeply rooted fear of death.
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unconditional positive regard
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according to Rogers, an attitude of total acceptance toward another person
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self-concept
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all our thoughts and feelings about ourselves, in answer to the question "Who am I?"
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trait
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a characteristic pattern of behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports.
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personality inventory
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a questionnaire on which people respond to items designed to gauge a wide range of feelings and behaviors; used to assess selected personality traits
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empirically derived test
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a test developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups.
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social cognitive perspective
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views behavior as influenced by the interaction between persons and their social context
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reciprocal determinism
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the interacting influences between personality and environmental factors.
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personal control
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our sense of controlling our environment rather than feeling helpless.
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external locus of control
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the perception that chance or outside forces beyond one's personal control determine one's fate.
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internal locus of control
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the perception that one controls one's own fate.
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learned helplessness
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the hopelessness and passive resignation an animal or human learns when unable to avoid repeated aversive events.
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spotlight effect
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overestimating others' noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders.
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self-esteem
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one's feelings of high or low self-worth
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self-serving bias
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a readiness to perceive oneself favorably
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self-actualization
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according to Maslow, the ultimate psychological need that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved; the motivation to fulfill one's potential
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Minnesota Multiphasic personality inventory
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the most widely researched and clinically used of all personality tests. Originally developed to identify emotional disorders, this test is now used for many other screening purposes.
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positive psychology
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the scientific study of optimal human functioning; aims to discover and promote strengths and virtues that enable individuals and communities to thrive.
