AP Psych chapter 13 review – Flashcards

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Inflated estimates of the value of antidepressant drugs are in large part due to the fact that patient recovery often results from
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the placebo effect.
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Dr. Genscher believes that most psychological disorders result from chemical abnormalities. In her work as a therapist, Dr. Genscher is most likely to make use of
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drug therapies.
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With ________, the therapist replaces a fearful response with a relaxation response
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systematic desensitization
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Lynn has begun to buy small gifts for her therapist, and she feels extremely jealous of the time he spends with his other patients. To a psychoanalyst, this is most indicative of A) unconditional positive regard.
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transference
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Helping patients gain awareness of their unconscious conflicts and defensive behaviors is a major goal of both psychoanalysis and
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psychodynamic therapy
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Teaching people to stop blaming themselves for failures and negative circumstances beyond their control is of most direct concern to ________ therapists.
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cognitive
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Repeatedly introducing people to things they fear and avoid is most characteristic of
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exposure therapies
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Virtual reality exposure therapy is most likely to prove effective in the treatment of
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phobias
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Which drug sometimes helps patients exhibiting negative symptoms of schizophrenia such as apathy and withdrawal?
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clozaril
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Psychoanalytic techniques are designed primarily to help patients
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become aware of their repressed conflicts and impulses
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Reinforcing desired behaviors and withholding reinforcement for undesired behaviors is most central to the process of
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behavior modification
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To understand his patients' repressed conflicts, Freud sought to identify the ________ of their dreams.
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latent content
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The approach that has helped children with autism learn to function successfully in school involves
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operant conditioning
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Psychodynamic therapies try to understand patients' current symptoms by focusing on recurring patterns in their
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interpersonal relationships
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Clients often stay in touch with their psychotherapists only if satisfied with the treatment they received. This helps us understand why therapists
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tend to overestimate the effectiveness of psychotherapy
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Replacing a negative response with a positive response is to systematic desensitization as replacing a positive response with a negative response is to
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aversive conditioning
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The practice of ________ is based on the application of operant conditioning principles
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behavior modication
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Instead of focusing on the cure of psychological disorders, ________ therapies seek to promote personal growth and self-fulfillment
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humanistic
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Which of the following is the best description of behavior modification?
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patients' actions are influenced by controlling the consequences of those actions
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Which of the following best illustrates a form of psychotherapy?
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systematic desensitization
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Psychoanalysts would suggest that resistance during therapy supports and maintains the process of
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repression
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Research on the effectiveness of psychotherapy indicates that:
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clients are generally satisfied with the effectiveness of therapy
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Xanax and Ativan are ________ drugs.
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antianxiety
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The double-blind procedure involves
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a procedure in which neither parents nor health care staff know whether a given patient is receiving a drug or a placebo
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In classical conditioning therapies, maladaptive symptoms are usually considered to be
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conditioned responses
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The DSM-V is used to ______ various psychological disorders
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Identify
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To be labeled a disorder, behavior must be these three things
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Deviant, Distressful, Dysfunctional
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This common diagnosis (normally in children) includes symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity
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ADHD
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Ongoing patterns of behavior that are different from those of most other people in your culture are best characterized as this
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deviant
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Of the three D's, this one is most likely absent from a psychopath's behavior
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distressful
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When persistent, distressful anxiety cannot fit into a specific category, it is labeled as this
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general anxiety disorder
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This perspective views anxiety as being produced by the submerged mental energy associated with repressed impulses
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psychoanalytic
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Episodes of intense dread that last for several minutes and are accompanied by shortness of breath, trembling, or dizziness are characterized as this
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panic disorder
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Incapacitating efforts to avoid specific anxiety-producing situations is most indicative of these
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phobias
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Repetitive behaviors, such as checking locks, are referred to as these
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compulsions (NOTE: OCD is no longer categorized as an "Anxiety Disorder" but does include anxiety as a symptom)
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The "common cold" of mood disorders, due to its pervasiveness
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depression, or major depressive disorder
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Cancer survivors who develop a fresh delight in their children and savor the joy of each new day best illustrate the effect of this
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post-traumatic growth
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bipolar is classified as this type of disorder
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mood
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Conversion disorder and hypochondriasis are classified as this type of disorder
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somatic or somatoform
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Disorganized thoughts is to _______ as a disturbance of consciousness is to ______
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Schizophrenia; Dissociative Disorder (or Dissociative Identity Disorder)
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developed "client-centered" therapy
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Carl Rogers
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Token economies are based on the principles of this psychologist's work
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B.F. Skinner
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A therapist suggests you are blaming your teachers and parents for your bad grades; the therapist's approach likely reflects this perspective
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cognitive
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This model, or perspective, of psychologically disordered behavior is likely to be criticized for neglecting social and psychological factors
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medical (or biomedical)
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Perspectives: Freeassociation is to ______ as systematic desensitization is to _______
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psychoanalysis ; behavioral
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Active listening is a key component of this psychotherapy
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client-centered (or humanistic)
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The process of maintaining appropriate patient behaviors with progressing positive rewards instead of punishment is likely to be some form of this
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token economy
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The process of associating unwanted behaviors with unpleasant experiences
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aversive conditioning
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The phrase, "No person is an island" is most likely to be uttered during a session of this type of psychotherapy
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family or group therapy
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Frank was very depressed when he started psychotherapy, but felt much better by the end. At least some of his improvement is attributed to this phenomenon
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regression towards the mean
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the study of how drugs affect mind and behavior
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psychopharmacology
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Most psychologists take this kind of approach to therapy, which often includes medicine and psychotherapy
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eclectic
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Xanax and Ativan are common drugs of this type
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antianxiety
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Extended use or over-dosage of antipsychotic drugs can lead to this condition
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tardive dyskinesia
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This type of psychosurgery often produced uncreative, lethargic, immature patients
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lobotomy
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Jeff rarely goes outside his house. He orders all his food and works from home via computer. His behavior is characteristic of this phobia.
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agoraphobia
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