AP Human Geography Chapter 2 Test – Flashcards
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2/3 of World Population
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East Asia, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Europe
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Arithmetic Density
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The total number of people divided by the total land area.
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Physiological Density
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The number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture.
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Agricultural Density
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The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture.
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Carrying Capacity
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largest number of individuals of a population that a environment can support
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Agricultural Revolution
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The time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering- Occurred around 10,000 years ago. More people survive
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Industrial Revolution
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the change from an agricultural to an industrial society and from home manufacturing to factory production, especially the one that took place in England from about 1750 to about 1850.- Hit the US in 1830. CDR decrease, slight CBR increase. Overall HIGH GROWTH
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Medical Revolution
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Medical technology invented in Europe and North America that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives. - CDR plunges
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Crude Birth Rate
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the number of live births yearly per thousand people in a population- Higher in LDCs
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Crude Death Rate
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The number of deaths per year per 1,000 people. Higher in LDCs
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TFR
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the avg number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years. Higher in LDCs
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Natural Increase Rate
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The percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate. High in LDCs
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IMR
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the total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1,000 live births in a society. Higehr in LDCs
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Doubling Time
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the time required for a population to double in size. Lower in LDCs
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Dependancy Ratio
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The number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64, compares to the number of people active in the labor force.
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Demographic Transition Stage One
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hunter/gatherer societies. Low growth rate High CDR and CBR- No countries
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Demographic Transition Stage Two
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Lower CDR, Higher CBR and High Growth. New production techniques increased the nation's food supply and generated money that was spent on improvements in public health. Portugal
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Demographic Transition Stage 3
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Late 19th century; decreasing birth rate; low death rate; better infant mortality rate; moderate growth; beginning of Medical Revolution; large migration to New World Chile
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Demographic Transition Stage 4
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20th century; low birth rate; low death rate; low growth; stabilization; urbanization and falling birth rates- Denmark
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Thomas Malthus
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English economist: Said that population tends to increase more rapidly than food supplies. Right becasue population is growing rapidly. Wrong becasue even though population is high, world food production has grown at a faster rate than the NIR
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Epidemiological Transition Stage 1 and 2
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pestilence & famine -infectious & parasitic disease -accidents & attacks
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Epidemiological Transition Stage 3 and 4
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-degenerative & human created disease -chronic disorders & aging -heart attacks; cancer
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Epidemiological Transition Possible Stage 5
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stage of re-emergion of infectious and parasitic diseases Consequences: higher CDR
