AP Human Geo test 2 unit 4 – Flashcards
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Definitional boundary dispute
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Conflict over the language of the border agreement in a treaty or boundary contract
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Positional boundary dispute
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disagreement about the actual location of a boundary
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locational boundary dispute
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These disputes arise when the definition of the border is not questioned but the interpretation of the border is.
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Territorial boundary dispute
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In political geography, disagreement between states over the control of surface area.
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Resource boundary disputes
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disputes over natural resource that occurs on or at the boundary
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Allocational boundary disputes
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Conflict over resources that may not be divided by the border, such as natural gas reserves beneath the soil.
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Functional boundary disputes
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dispute over how both sides of boundary operate differently
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Unitary State
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an internal organization of a state that places most power in the hands of central government officials
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Federal State
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An internal organization of a state that allocates most powers to units of local government.
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Confederation
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a political system in which a weak central government has limited authority, and the states have ultimate power.
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Territorial Morphology
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A state's geographical shape, which can affect its spatial cohension and political viability.
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Fragmented State
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A state that includes several discontinuous pieces of territory.
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Elongated State
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A state whose territory is long and narrow in shape.
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Compact State
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A state in which the distance from the center to any boundary does not vary significantly.
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Prorupt State
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An otherwise compact state with a large projecting extension.
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Perforated State
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a state that completely surrounds another one
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Microstate
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A state or territory that is small in both size and population.
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Core Area
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The portion of a country that contains its economic, political, intellectual, and cultural focus.
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Capitol
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A building where a legislative body of a republic, state or country meets
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Forward-thrust state
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A capital city deliberately sited in a state's frontier zone.
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Nationalism
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the feeling of belonging to a nation as well as the belief that a nation has a natural right to determine its own affairs
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National iconography
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Figural representations, either individual or symbolic, religious or secular; more broadly, the art of representation by pictures or images, which may or may not have a symbolic as well as an apparent or superficial meaning
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Centripetal Forces
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An attitude that tends to unify people and enhance support for a state
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Centrifugal forces
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forces that divide or tend to pull the state apart
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Balkanization
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Process by which a state breaks down through conflicts among its ethnicities
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Devolution
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The transfer of certain powers from the state central government to separate political subdivisions within the state's territory.
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Regionalism
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feeling of collective identity based on a population's politico-territorial identification within a state or across state boundaries.
