AP Gov Chapter 16 Practice Quiz – Flashcards

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The function of the U.S. solicitor general is to
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approve every case the federal government presents to the Supreme Court.
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As a result of two clear blocs of liberal and conservative justices, __________ often casts a "swing vote" on the Supreme Court.
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justice kennedy
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In National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (2012), the Supreme ruled that states do not have to expand their Medicaid coverage because
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the provision violates the Constitution by impermissibly threatening states with a loss of existing federal funding for a program.
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Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg votes with a majority of Supreme Court justices on a particular case, even though her reasoning differs from the others. She may choose to express her reasons in a(n)
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concurring opinion
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The Supreme Court entered its most active period with the arrival of Chief Justice __________.
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warren
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Which recent Supreme Court nominee became the object of a notable Senate rejection?
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robert bork
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The Supreme Court's primary weapon in the government's system of checks and balances is known as
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judicial review
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Studies have shown the ideology of judges
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none of these is true
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The Court of Military Appeals is an example of a __________.
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legislative court
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The "Exceptions" clause in Article III, Section III has been interpreted by the Court to mean that
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congress can change the courts appellate jurisdiction
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Franklin Roosevelt's court-packing plan would have allowed him to name a new justice
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for every incumbent justice over the age of 70
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Democratic judges are more likely to make __________ decisions than Republican judges.
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liberal
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When judges believe that they must confirm themselves to applying rules stated in or clearly implied by the language of the Constitution, they are following the __________ approach.
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judicial restraint
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There are thirteen __________ in the federal judiciary.
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courts of appeal
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Federal courts can hear all cases
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arising under the constitution, the laws of the United States, and treaties.
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In Federalist paper No. 78, Alexander Hamilton described the Supreme Court as
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the least dangerous branch
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In most cases presented to the Supreme Court, the bulk of the argumentation presented by either side will be found in the __________.
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brief
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In the Supreme Court's ruling on President Obama's health care plan, National Federation of Independent Business v. Sebelius (2012), the Court
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upheld the individual mandate and struck down the mandate that state governments expand Medicaid by 2014.
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When Congress passed a law that forbade anyone from carrying a gun near a school, the Supreme Court declared the law invalid because such behavior
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did not affect inerstate commerce
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__________ is a legal concept that refers to who is entitled to bring a case.
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standing
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What does the U.S. Constitution have to say about the size of the Supreme Court?
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it does not indicate how large the court should be
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In response to a Supreme Court decision governing citizens suing a state in federal courts, the __________ was added to the Constitution.
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tenth amendment
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The Court of International Trade is a specialized
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constitutional court
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The first chief justice of the Supreme was __________.
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john marshall
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A chief justice is able to exercise his/her influence most effectively by
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guiding the debate
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Senatorial courtesy is an especially important consideration in nominations to
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district courts
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Federal Courts do not issue _________ opinions.
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advisory
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After 1936, the Supreme Court stopped
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imposing any serious restrictions on state or federal power to regulate the economy, leaving such matters in the hands of legislatures.
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If California and Arizona sue each other over water usage from the Colorado River, the case can be heard only
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by the supreme court
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The behavior of Justices Holmes, Burger, and Blackmun suggests that
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presidents can sometimes be mistaken in their prediction about the actions of their judicial appointees.
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In recent years, the percentage of nominees to federal court who have been confirmed by the Senate
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has decreased significantly
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Fee shifting is the practice of
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getting the loser to pay court costs
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"Stare decisis" is usually translated as
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let the decision stand
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Among the current members of the U.S. Supreme Court there is (are) __________ woman (women).
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three
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The dual court system of the United States refers to __________ and __________ courts.
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federal; state
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Between 1789 and the Civil War, the Supreme Court was primarily occupied with the issues of
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slavery and national supremacy
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There are 94 __________ in the federal judiciary.
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district courts
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The authors suggest the chief motive for using the litmus test involves a judicial nominee's views on
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abortion
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One basic difference between a constitutional court and a legislative court is that
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constitutional court judges cannot be fired
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In recent years, the percentage of nominees to federal court who have been confirmed by the Senate
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has decreased significantly
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The most common background or professional experience among members of the current Supreme Court is experience as a(n) __________.
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federal judge
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One unintended consequence of the Supreme Court's heavy caseload is an increase in the influence wielded by
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law clerks
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In McCulloch v. Maryland, the Supreme Court held that
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the federal government could pass any laws necessary and proper to the attainment of constitutional ends.
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The litigation involving four police officers accused of beating Rodney King illustrates the fact that
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some defendants are tried in both state and federal courts
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The Supreme Court will grant cert and hear a case if __________ justices agree to do so.
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four
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In addition to funding appeals, interest groups will also
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organize and bring cases to the court
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The principle that the Supreme Court used in overturning Fulton's monopoly on a New York steamboat operation was that
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state law cannot prevail over federal law
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In 1974, the Supreme Court held that it would no longer hear class-action suits seeking monetarydamages
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unless the case is either defined by Congress or if every member of the class was individually notified of the case.
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From the Civil War to the 1930s, the Supreme Court was primarily occupied with
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economic regulation by government
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"Amicus curiae" is usually translated as
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friend of the court
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On the issue of state sovereignty, the text states that since around 1992, the Supreme Court has
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begun to restore the view that states have the right to resist some forms of federal action.
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hich is correct about the Senate confirming federal judges?
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until recently, most judges were confirmed
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In __________ the Supreme Court for the first time, in a decision authored by Chief Justice John Marshall, held that the Court could declare an act of Congress unconstitutional.
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marbury v madison
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In __________, the Supreme Court ruled that the Court can review the decisions of the highest state courts if they involve a federal law or the federal Constitution.
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martin v. hunters lessee
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The current chief justice of the Supreme Court is __________.
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john g. roberts jr
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There have only been _________ chief justices of the United States Supreme Court.
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sixteen
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Brown v. Board of Education is an example of a
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class-action suit
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