question

From the earliest days of the Christianity, the Catholic church had been largely opposed to reforms

answer

True

question

The Great Schism and the Babylonian Captivity badly damaged the prestige of the Catholic church

answer

true

question

Erasmus painted a sympathetic portrait of the Catholic clergy in "In Praise of Folly"

answer

False

question

Martin Luther's "Ninety Five Theses" argued that the pope had no power to grant indulgences

answer

True

question

When a papal letter ordered Luther's writings to be burned, Luther responded by burning the papal letter

answer

True

question

In the early sixteenth century, most parish priests were trained in both theology and medicine

answer

False

question

For Luther, sex was a natural, unsinful human act withing a marriage

answer

True

question

Ulrich Zwingli was a strong believer in the doctrine of transubstantiation

answer

False

question

As Free Christians, Luther believed that the "priesthood of all believers" did not owe any allegiance to secular authority and was not obligated to follow state laws.

answer

False

question

Luther believed that a woman's profession should be her home

answer

True

question

According to Martin Luther, salvation comes through

answer

faith

question

Which of the following is NOT identified with corrupt practices in the early sixteenth-century church: pluralism, William Tyndale, Pope Alexander VI, absenteeism

answer

William Tyndale

question

Which of the following clearly did NOT support Luther: The German peasants, the German nobility, Charles V, Ulrich Zwingli

answer

Charles V

question

The great Christian humanists of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries believed that reform could be achieved through

answer

education and social change

question

Luther allegedly tacked his "ninety-five theses" to the door in Wittenberg as a response to

answer

the sale of indulgences and papal wealth

question

The peasants who revolted in 1525 wanted all of the following EXCEPT: the abolition of serfdom, the reform of the clergy, the suppression of Luther's movement, an end to taxes and tithes.

answer

the suppression of Luther's movement

question

Luther's German translation of the New Testament

answer

democratized religion

question

The Peasants' Revolt of 1525

answer

resulted in the slaughter of thousands, with Luther urging on the slaughter

question

Luther believed that the church consisted of

answer

the entire community of Christian believers

question

Luther and Zwingli disagreed on which of the following issues: the authority of Scripture, indulgences, monasticism, the Eucharist

answer

the Eucharist

question

The Twelve Articles were

answer

grievances of the Swabian peasants

question

Work written by Tomas a Kempis the emphasized a simple Christian life and the centrality of the scriptures

answer

The imitation of Christ

question

Catholic friar who offended Martin Luther with the manner in which he advertised the selling of indulgences

answer

Johann Tetzel

question

Wife of Martin Luther who alongside her husband created a Protestant model for a companionate marriage

answer

Katherine Von Bora

question

Series of imperial meetings in 1521 at a bishop's palace int he Rhineland where Luther defended his doctrines before the emperor Charles V

answer

Diet of Worms

question

Document written by representatives of the Swabian peasants which expressed their grievances in economic and social matters

answer

Twelve Articles

question

Pope who approved of increasing the sale of indulgences in order to complete the construction of Saint Peter's Basilica in Rome

answer

Pope Leo X

question

Humanist from Zurich who stressed religious reforms

answer

Ulrich Zwingli

question

Notable work that Martin Luther translated into German in 1523

answer

the Bible

question

The Council of Trent reaffirmed the seven sacraents, the validity of tradition, and transubstantiation

answer

True

question

The English Supremacy Act of 1534 declared the king to be the Supreme Head of the Church of England

answer

False

question

For the most part, the English Reformation under Henry VIII dealt with theological issues

answer

False

question

Mary Tudor, the English queen and daughter of Henry VIII, was interested in the restoration of Catholicism in England

answer

True

question

In general, Protestantism tended to strengthen Germany as a political unit

answer

False

question

During the reign of Elizabeth, the English church moved in a moderately Catholic direction

answer

False

question

In Geneva, Michael Servetus became Calvin's chief collaborator, co-authoring several inportant works

answer

False

question

Most Irish people remained Roman Catholic despite English laws to bring Ireland under control of the Church of England

answer

True

question

The Ursuline Order of Nuns, founded by Angela Merici, made impressive gains in the education of women

answer

True

question

The Peace of Augsburg (1555) represented dramatic gains for the Catholic Reformation in turning back the tide of Protestantism in Germany.

answer

False

question

Under the Presbyterian for of church government, the church is governed by

answer

the people

question

Which of the following did NOT come from the Anabaptist tradition: congregationalists, puritans, quakers, jesuits

answer

jesuits

question

The cornerstone of Calvin's theology was his belief in

answer

predestination

question

John Knox and the Reformation movement in Scotland were most influenced by

answer

Calvinism

question

Which of the following is NOT identified with corrupt practices in the early-sixteenth-century church: pluralism, William Tyndale, Pope Alexander VI, absenteeism

answer

William Tyndale

question

Overall, Henry VIII's religious reformation in England occurred

answer

mostly for political reasons

question

The reformation in Germany resulted in

answer

a politically weaker Germany

question

The Holy Roman Emperor who tried to suppress the Lutheran revolt was

answer

Charles V

question

By 1555 the Protestant Reformation had spread to all but

answer

Spain

question

The chief center of the Protestant reformers in the sixteenth century was

answer

Geneva

question

The Anabaptist appealed to

answer

the intellectuals

question

Henry VIII dissolved the monasteries largely because

answer

he needed the wealth they would bring

question

The Scandinavian countries were most influenced by the religious beliefs of

answer

Martin Luther

question

The marriage of Maximilian of Hapsburg and Mary of Burgundy in 1477 was a decisive event in the early modern history in that

answer

Austria became an international power

question

The man who wrote "the Institutes of the Christian Religion" and did the most to internationalize Protestantism was

answer

John Calvin

question

Henry VIII of England's divorce from his wife Catherin was complicated by the fact that Catherine's nephew was

answer

Charles V

question

The "index of Prohibited Books" was published by

answer

the Sacred Congregation fot eh Holy Office of the pope

question

Term applied to English parliamentary laws passed early in Elizabeth's reign that required conformity to the Church of England and uniformity of the church worship

answer

Elizabethan Settlement

question

Founder of the Society of Jesus whose goal was the spread of the Roman Catholic faith through humanistic schools and missionary activity

answer

Ignatious Loyala

question

General name given to several Protestant groups who believed that only adults could make an informed decision about baptism and who therefore refused to have their children baptized

answer

Anabaptists

question

Officially (parliament approved) prayer book of the Church of England, containing the prayers for all services, the forms for administration of the sacraments, and a manual for the ordination of deacons, priests, and bishops

answer

Book of Common Prayer

question

Series of imperial meetings in 1521 at a bishop's palace int eh Rhineland where Luther defended his doctrines before the emperor Charles V

answer

Diet of Worms

question

Larges multi-class rebellion in English history that protested the English Reformation policies of Henry VIII

answer

Pilgrimage of Grace

question

Henry VIII's second wife and mother of Elizabeth who was executed for allegedly committing adulterous incest

answer

Anne Boleyn

question

Organization created by Pope Paul III in 1542 to oversee the Roman Inquisition and enforce the "index of of Prohibited Books"

answer

Congregation of the Holy Office of the Inquisition

question

City where Ulrich Zwingli established a theocracy to enforce his protestant views

answer

Zurich

question

Humanist who rejected the Trinity and was burned at the stake by Calvinists

answer

Michael Servetus

question

Short-lived young king of England who saw the country move in a decidedly Protestant direction during his reign

answer

Edward VI

question

City in Germany where one group of Anabaptists practiced polygamy and the death penalty for insubordinate wives

answer

Munster

question

Most important pope of the Catholic Reformation who oversaw the creation of the Holy Office

answer

Pope Paul III

question

Chief Minister for Henry VIII in England who oversaw the dissolution of Catholic monasteries

answer

Thomas Cromwell

question

Official doctrine of the Church of England during the Reign of Elizabeth the codified the Elizabethan Settlement

answer

Thirty-nine Articles

question

Series of meetings during the Catholic Reformation of the mid-16th century that established Catholic doctrine for the next four centuries

answer

Council of Trent

question

Political agreement that allowed German princes to choose either Catholicism or Lutheranism as the official faith of their realms

answer

Peace of Augsburg

question

Hapsburg ruler who inherited the Spanish Empire from his maternal grandparents the the Austrian Hapsburg lands from his paternal grandparents

answer

Charles V

question

First wife of Henry VIII who had her marriage annulled when she was unable to provide him with a male heir

answer

Catherine of Aragon

question

Swiss city where Calvinists, led by John Calvin, established their strict religious community

answer

Geneva

question

Humanist and former chief minister for Henry VIII who was beheaded for not taking an oath of loyalty to the Church of England

answer

Thomas More

question

Simony

answer

the selling of Church offices

question

Pluralism

answer

The holding of several benefices, or church offices.

question

Nepotism

answer

favoritism shown to relatives or close friends by those in power (as by giving them jobs) Leo X and Clement VII both sons of rulers, Pope Paul III

question

Absenteeism

answer

an official not participation in benefices but receiving payment and privileges. On of the corruptions in the Catholic Church

question

Sale of indulgences

answer

people paying money to the Church to absolve their sins or sins of their loved ones

question

Erasmus

answer

Wrote "In Praise of Folly"

question

Martin Luther

answer

German theologian who led the Reformation, only 2 sacraments: baptism and communion. 95 Theses posted in 1527, Led reformation in Germany

question

Johann Tetzel

answer

Leader of selling indulgences

question

95 Theses

answer

Martin Luther's ideas that he posted on the chuch door at Wittenburg which questioned the Roman Catholic Church. This act began the Reformation

question

Johann Eck

answer

He defeated Luther in the Leipzig Debate over indulgences in July 1519. He forced Luther to deny authority of popes and councils.

question

Diet of Worms

answer

Assembly of the estates of the empire, called by Holy Roman Emperor Charles V, Luther wouldn't recant

question

Confessions of Augsburg

answer

An attempted compromise statement of religious faith to unite Lutheran and Catholic princes of the HRE, but rejected by Catholic Princes

question

Charles V

answer

This was the Holy Roman Emperor that called for the Diet of Worms. He was a supporter of Catholicism and tried to crush the Reformation by use of the Counter-Reformation

question

Peasants' War

answer

believed their demands conformed to scriptures, not backed by Luther, Strengthened authority of Lay Rulers

question

Swabian Uprising

answer

Peasants met conplaining of agrasian crises, noble seiges, common lands, unjust death duties. Believed demands conformed to scriptures, cited Luther

question

Schmalkalden

answer

Formed by newly Protestant princes to defend themselves against Charles V's drive to re catholicize Germany. Francis I of France allied with the League (despite being catholic)

question

Hapsburg-Valois War

answer

Conflict from 1494 to 1559 between the ruling families of France (Valois) and Spain, Netherlands, Germany (Hapsburgs)

question

Peace of Augsburg

answer

Established local authorities responsibility to choose the religion of the area, confusion as princes converted, no room for moderates

question

Anabaptists

answer

A Protestant sect that believed only adults could make a free choice regarding religion; they also advocated pacifism, separation of church and state, and democratic church organization.

question

Tragedy at Munster

answer

Protestants and Catholics capture city and execute anabaptist leaders

question

Mennonites

answer

founded by dutch leader simmons, became descendants of anabaptists

question

quakers

answer

shared beliefs of mennonites, came to america, founded and controlled pennsylvania, new jersey, and delaware

question

ulrich zwingli

answer

swiss Reformer, influenced by christian humanism, state supervise church, banned music and relics from services, died in civil war

question

John Calvin

answer

developed calvinism (geneva), wrote "institutes for Christian Religion; writings influenced religious thoughts of Europeans

question

Predestination

answer

the belief that what happens in human life has already been determined by some higher power

question

Hugenots

answer

French Calvinists who were persecuted

question

Puritans

answer

wanted to purify church, pressured elizabeth I for reform

question

English Reformation

answer

Lollards still existed in regions of England, William Tyndale wrote English bible, became the basis for king James version bible

question

Henry VIII

answer

Responsible for dissolution of Monasteries. 2nd tudor monarchs, supported catholicism and pope. "Defender of the Faith"

question

Catherine of Aragon

answer

Henry VIII's wife, couldn't conceive a son, only had one daughter: Mary.

question

Anne Boleyn

answer

Henry VIII's 2nd wife, after Catherine was executed in 1536 for having an affair

question

Mary Tudor

answer

Tried to reimpose catholicism, "bloody mary" rescinded reformation legislation of Henry's and Edward's reign

question

Politique

answer

A ruler who suppresses his or her religious designs for his or her kingdom in favor of political expediency. Examples: Elizabeth I (England), Henry IV (France).

question

During the Reformation, Anabaptism drew its membership mostly from the ranks of the

answer

peasants

question

The colloquy of Marburg in 1529

answer

was a debate between Luther and Zwingli that resulted in a formal split withing Protestantism

question

English puritanism developed during the reign of Elizabeth I:

answer

in reaction to the failure of the Elizabethan Religious Settlement to implement the reforms of the Council of Trent

question

The response of the catholic church to the Reformation was delayed because

answer

the church did not possess the money needed to confront protestantism

question

the protestant reformation

answer

tended to strengthen the power of secular rulers

question

martin luther believed that the problem of personal sin had its solution in

answer

justification by faith

question

in transforming the catholic church into the church of england, Henry VIII

answer

disbanded monasteries and confiscated their land

question

The sixteenth-century religious wars in France were largely ended with the

answer

Edict of Nantes

question

The specific abuse that Luther addressed in his "ninety-five theses" was

answer

the sale of indulgences

question

The German sociologist Max Weber advanced the thesis that a significant result of the Protestant Reformation was that

answer

Protestantism, particularly Calvinism, fostered capitalism

question

The Treaty of Cateau-Cambresis ended ended the conflict known as the

answer

Habsburg-Valois Wars

question

In the fifteenth century, many clerics held more than one benefice, a practice known as

answer

pluralism

question

french calvinists were known as

answer

hugenots

question

in 1521, Charles V ordered Luther to appeark before the

answer

Diet of Worms

question

The Saint Bartholomew's Day massacre led to

answer

a lengthy civil war

question

Luther believed that the church consisted of

answer

the entire community of christian believers

question

Luther's ideas about Roman exploitation of Germany

answer

appealed to the political aspiriations of German princes

question

In 1598, _________ issued the Edict of Nantes

answer

Henry IV

question

John Knox was influential in the Reformation in

answer

Scotland

question

As a result of the Peace of Augsburg, the people of Germany

answer

became either Lutheran or Catholic, depending on the preference of their prince

question

Luther viewed sex as

answer

an act that could be destructive but was safely contained within marriage

question

the Protestant Reformation in Germany

answer

conpounded problems that had existed since the Middle Ages

question

When Charles V abdicted, ___________ inherited the seventeen provinces that made up the Netherlands

answer

Philip II

question

Martin Luther's first response to the demands made by the Swabian peasants of their lords was

answer

sympathy for the peasants

question

According to the Calvin, the elect were

answer

those individuals chosen for salvation

question

the Genevan Consistory

answer

severely regulated the conduct of Genevans

question

The German Peasants' Revolt of 1525 greatly strengthened the authority of

answer

lay rulers

question

According to the text, the Calvinist doctrine of predestination led to a

answer

confidence among Calvinists in their own salvation

question

The dissolution of the English monasteries

answer

resulted from Henry VIII's desire to confiscate their wealth

question

During the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, between ____________ people were executed for witchcraft in Europe

answer

40,000 and 60,000

question

The reformation in England was primarily the result of

answer

the dynastic and romantic concerns of Henry VIII

question

Luther and Zwingli disagreed on which of the following issues

answer

the Eucharist

question

The pilgrimage of Grace attested to

answer

popular opposition, in northern England, to Henry VIII's reformation

question

The catholic REformation, begun before 1517,

answer

sought to stimulate a new spiritual fervor

question

In religious affiars, Elizabeth I of England followed a policy that

answer

was a middle course between Catholic and Protestant extremes

question

__________ factors proved decisive in shaping the course of the Reformation in eastern Europe

answer

Ethnic

question

The overriding goal of the Catholic religious orders established in the sixteenth century was

answer

to uplift the spiritual condition of both clergy and laity

question

a new religious order for women that emerged in the sixteenth century was the

answer

ursuline order

question

France supported the Protestant princes of Germany in order to

answer

prevent Charles V from increasing his power

question

The Protestant radicals like Anabaptists were

answer

attacked by both Protestants and Catholics

question

The significance of the German Peasants' War in 1525 was that it

answer

led Luther to call for absolute obedience to the state

question

The Peace of Augsburg

answer

Gave rulers or members states of the Holy Roman Empire the right to choose Catholicism or Lutheranism as their state religion

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