question

The study of the muscular system is known as kinesiology pathophysiology myology biology neurology

answer

myology

question

Which of the following is NOT a function of the muscular system stability heat production control of openings secretions breathing

answer

secretion

question

What term best describes the relationship between the pronator quadratus and supinator? fixators antagonists synergists prime movers depressors

answer

antagonists

question

Muscle fibers are arranged in bundles called compartments fascicles retinacula aponeuroses groups

answer

fascicles

question

The rectus femoris is an example of what muscle shape? fusitorm parallel triangular elongated pennate

answer

pennate

question

Groups of muscles are separated by which of the following? epimysium fascicles perimysium fascia endomysium

answer

fascia

question

Which term below best describes the deltoid? fusiform intrinsic incoluntary extrinsic parallel

answer

extrinsic

question

Which term best describes the relationship of the deltoid and SITS muscles during shoulder abduction? prime movers antagonists synergists fixators adductors

answer

synergists

question

The semitendinosus is an example of what muscle shape? triangular fusiform sphincter convergent pennate

answer

fusiform

question

Which of the following muscles is the prime mover for inhalation? internal intercostals external intercostals diaphragm stylohyoid hyoglossus

answer

diaphragm

question

Which of the following extensors of the head is the most superficial? trapezius semispinalis capitis splenius capitis sternocleidomastoid temporalis

answer

trapezius

question

The occipitalis and frontalis are connected via the galea retinaculum galea aponeurotica galea cranium galea orbicularis galea neurotica

answer

galea aponeurotica

question

Which of the following muscles of facial expression is NOT innervated by the facial nerve? orbicularis oculi zygomaticus major corrugator supercilii levator palpebrae superioris buccinator

answer

levator palpebrae superioris

question

A point of convergence for several muscles of the lower face is called the retinaculum aponeurotica modiolus nuchal line galea

answer

modiolus

question

The ________ originates on the zygomatic arch and inserts on the angle of the mandible. masseter buccinator temporalis genioglossus stylohyoid

answer

masseter

question

Which one of these muscles helps to open the mouth (depress the mandible)? zygomaticus major digastric sternohyoid depressor anguli oris hyoglossus

answer

digastric

question

What is(are) the innervations(s) of the palatoglossus? hypoglossal accessory vagus hypoglossal and accessory accessory and vagal nerves

answer

accessory and vagal nerves

question

Which of the following muscles of mastication would be responsible for mandibular elevation? temporalis lateral pterygoid stylohyoid zygomaticus major zygomaticus minor

answer

temporalis

question

The aponeurosis of the external oblique forms a(n) ________ at its inferior margin. linea alba rectus sheath linea semilunaris medial retinaclum inguinal ligament

answer

inguinal ligament

question

The deepest muscle of the abdominal wall is the transverse abdominal internal oblique rectus abdominus latissimus dorsi pectoralis minor

answer

transverse abdominal

question

While sitting in your desk, you drop your pencil onto the floor. You bend over to pick up the pencil. In order to straighten up and continue your exam you must use which of the following muscles? tibialis anterior erector spinae semimembranosus tibialis anterior and semimembranosus extensor hallucis longus

answer

erector spinae

question

Which of the following muscles is not externally visible on the trunk of the body? transverse abdominal latissimus dorsi trapezius pectoralis major external abdominal oblique

answer

transverse abdominal

question

Unilateral contraction of which muscle causes ipsilateral flexion of the lumbar vertebral column? multifidus latissimus dorsi external intercostals serratus anterior quadratus lumborum

answer

quadratus lumborum

question

In lifting a heavy weight from the floor, one should use the power of the ___ in order to avoid muscle strain in the lower back. biceps brachii and brachialis gastrocnemius and soleus external and internal abdominal obliques knee and hip extensors trapezius and latissimus dorsi

answer

knee and hip extensors

question

In a whiplash injury, the neck undergoes forced hyperextension then hyperflexion, injuring multiple muscles in the neck. Which of the following muscles would be injured during the hyperextension phase of the injury? trapezius splenius capitis sternocleidomastoid semispinalis capitis levator scapulae

answer

sternocleidomastoid

question

Tendinous intersections divide the _______ into segments externally visible on the abdomen of a well-muscled person. vastus lateralis serratus anterior rectus abdominis quadriceps femoris transverse femoris

answer

rectus abdominis

question

The rectus abdominis is a(n) ________ muscle, while the rectus femoris is a(n) ______ muscle. fusiform; parallel parallel; bipennate convergent; unipennate bipennate; parallel multipennate; convergent

answer

parallel; bipennate

question

Which of the following correctly states the origin and insertion of the sternocleidomastoid? sternal manubrium and lateral one-third of clavicle; mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line sternal manubrium and medial half of clavicle; mastoid process and medial one-third of superior nuchal line sternal manubrium and medial one-third of clavicle; mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line sternal manubrium and lateral half of clavicle; mastoid process and lateral one-third of superior nuchal line mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line; sternal manubrium, medial one-third of clavicle

answer

sternal manubrium and medial one-third of clavicle; mastoid process and lateral half of superior nuchal line

question

The muscles that laterally rotate and depress the scapula, as in shrugging and lowering the shoulders, are the trapezius and serratus anterior pectoralis minor and serratus anterior levator scapulea and rhomboideus trapezius and rhomboideus trapezius and latissimus dorsi

answer

trapezius and serratus anterior

question

Which cranial nerve innervates the sternocleidomastoid and trapezius? abducens facila vagus accessory nerve trigeminal

answer

accessory nerve

question

Which muscle of respiration is innervated by the phrenic nerve? diaphragm external intercostals internal intercostals innermost intercostals pectoralis major

answer

diaphragm

question

After taking their wedding vows, a bride and groom often ceremonially use which of the following muscles before walking away from the altar? depressor anguli oris orbicularis oris levator labii superioris platysma lateral pterygoid

answer

orbicularis oris

question

Which muscle originates at the manubrium, inserts on the thyroid cartilage, and aids in singing low notes? omohyoid thyrohyoid sternothyroid stylohyoid lateral pterygoid

answer

sternothyroid

question

Some people suffer involuntary urination because of incompetence of what muscle? external urethral sphincter bulbospongiosus compressor urethrae ischiocavernosus levator ani

answer

external urethral sphincter

question

True or False: A sacral fracture affecting the S3 and S4 nerve roots would result in a person having difficulty with evacuation of the bowels.

answer

True

question

A baseball pitcher who injures one of his SITS muscles most commonly sustains tears to the tendon of which muscle? supraspinatus infraspinatus teres minor subscapularis deltoid

answer

supraspinatus

question

Which of the following is true regarding the levator scapulae? it is innervated by the phrenic nerve it elevates the scapula if the scapula is fixed it rotates the scapula and depresses the apex of the shoulder it flexes the neck if the scapula is fixed it protracts the scapula if the humerus is fixed

answer

it flexes the neck if the scapula is fixed

question

Which of the following is an intrinsic muscle of the hand? extensor carpi radialis brevis adductor pollicis extensor pollicis longus extensor indicis abductor pollicis longus

answer

adductor pollicis

question

The serratus anterior is innervated by which nerve accessory dorsal scapular long thoracic lateral pectoral axillary

answer

long thoracic

question

Which muscle acting on the arm assists in deep inspiration? pectoralis major trapezius teres minor diaphragm deltoid

answer

pectoralis major

question

A butcher who cuts the distal portion of his fingers may cut the _______ tendon flexor pollicis longus flexor carpi ulnaris palmaris longus adductor pollicis flexor digitorum profundus

answer

flexor digitorum profundus

question

When a nurse draws blood, it is not uncommon for the needle to penetrate which muscle near the cubital region? pronator quadrants semimembranosus pronator teres buccinator supinator

answer

pronator teres

question

The antagonist for the triceps brachii is the deltoid anconeus biceps brachii supinaor teres minor

answer

biceps brachii

question

Which of the following best describes the insertion of the extensor digitorum? it indirectly inserts on all digits of the hand it indirectly inserts on all digits of the hand except the thumb it directly inserts on all digits of the hand it directly inserts on all digits of the hand except the thumb in directly inserts on the index finger only

answer

it indirectly inserts on all digits of the hand except the thumb

question

Tennis elbow is a common term describing injury to which of the following? extensor hallucis longus pronator quadrants extensor capri radialis longus subscapularis flexor digitorum profundus

answer

extensor capri radialis longus

question

An injury that results in complete functional loss of the ulnar nerve will affect which of the following muscles? abductor digiti minimi abductor pollicis brevis flexor carpi radialis brachioradialis extensor indicis

answer

abductor digiti minimi

question

Carpal tunnel pressure is sometimes relieved by surgically excising part or all of which structure? palmar aponeurosis extensor retinaculum flexor retinaculum extensor aponeurosis median nerve

answer

flexor retinaculum

question

What is the longest muscle in the human body iliopsoas sartorius erector spinae semitendinosus semimbranosus

answer

sartorius

question

Which of the following muscles is in the medial compartment of the thigh? soleus adductor longus piriformis vastus medialis semimembranosus

answer

adductor longus

question

Which of the following muscles inserts on the head of the fibula? extensor digitorum longus tibialis anterior popliteus biceps femoris semitendinosus

answer

biceps femoris

question

Which muscle is innervated by the tibial nerve? extensor digitorum longus tibialis anterior semimembranosus fibularis longus vastus lateralis

answer

semimembranosus

question

Which of the following muscles is responsible for medially rotating the tibia on the femur when the knee is flexed? piriformis semitendinosus adductor brevis vastus medialis sartorius

answer

semitendinosus

question

Which of the following muscles abducts and medially rotates the thigh? gracilis piriformis adductor magnus rectus femoris sartorius

answer

adductor magnus

question

Which of the following muscles is innervated by the obturator nerve? gracilis bicpes femoris tibialis anterior soleus sartorius

answer

gracilis

question

True or False: Injury to the deep fibular nerve would cause inability to extend ones toes.

answer

true

question

True or False: The triceps surae consists of three muscles in the lower limb.

answer

false

question

A clinician induces contraction of the gastrocnemius and soleus and notices that the foot does not plantar flex as expected. Which of the following would be a logical diagnosis? peroneal nerve injury ruptured calcaneal tendon anterior compartment syndrome shinsplints lateral plantar nerve injury

answer

ruptured calcaneal tendon

question

A male sustains a crushing injury to his foot. After weeks of care, he begins to notice that he cannot bend the little toe on his right foot. Which of the following would be a logical diagnosis? atrophy of the flexor hallucis brevis atrophy of the fibularis brevis atrophy of the soleus atrophy of the flexor digiti minimi atrophy of the adductor hallucis

answer

atrophy of the flexor digiti minimi

question

A heavyset middle-aged insurance salesman who doesn't exercise often accepts his friend's invitation to a pickup basketball game. When attempting a jump shot, he falls to the ground in pain, grasping at the calf of his leg. There is an enormous bulge in his leg immediately below the popliteal fossa , and he is unable to plantar flex that foot. Most likely he has injured his ___ and the bulge is ___. quadriceps tendon; his rectus femoris calcaneal tendon; his triceps surae patellar ligament; his fibularis longus hamstrings; a large hematoma (blood clot)

answer

calcaneal tendon; his triceps surae

question

An Olympic sprinter readies for a race. After the sound of the starting gun, he propels himself forward from the starting block and immediately grimaces in pain, grabbing for the back of his thigh. Within 48 hours he begins noticing extensive bruising on the back of his thigh extending into the back of the knee. He now has difficulty rising from a seated position and flexing his knee. Bending at the waist generates more pain. Which muscle is likely injured? gluteus maximus popliteus biceps femoris gastrocnemius iliopsoas

answer

biceps femoris

question

After childbirth a woman begins experiencing tremendous pain in her groin, making it difficult for her to walk. She has difficulty walking due to the pain. An X-ray shows a fracture extending from her symphysis pubis to the inferior ramus of the pubis. As a result of the fracture, which group of muscles might be impaired? hip flexors thigh abductors hip extensors lateral rotators thigh adductors

answer

thigh adductors

question

A skydiver's parachute fails to deploy. After some struggle, his reserve chute deploys in time to save his life. However, his landing is harder than normal and he feels his knee slightly hyperextend. He shakes it off and goes about his normal routine. Later that day he begins experiencing knee pain. Two days later he notices that his knee "pops" when he crouches and soon discovers he has dislocated his femur on the knee. What muscle was likely injured initially? popliteus tensor fasciae latae soleus sartorius quadriceps femoris

answer

popliteus

question

A skateboarder falls and lands directly on his buttocks and lower back. He does not feel too much pain and so he continues skating. After a couple of days he begins experiencing right hip pain and notices his right foot and leg are rotated to the right. A doctor diagnoses muscle spasm. Which of the following muscles is most likely causing the leg and foot rotation? quardratus lumborum tibialis posterior piriformis adductor longus sacrospinalis

answer

piriformis

question

When you kick a soccer ball, you contract your quadriceps femoris. Because the attachment on the tibia moves towards the attachment on the femus, it is considered the ________ insertion origin belly innervation

answer

insertion

question

Based on what you know about muscle attachments, which of the following is true? an insertion generally moves toward an origin in contraction an origin generally moves towards an insertion in contraction an insertion generally moves towards another insertion in contraction an origin generally moves towards another origin in contraction

answer

an insertion generally moves toward an origin in contraction

question

an ______ muscle is contained within a region whereas an _____ muscle acts upon one region but has an origin elsewhere intrinsic; extrinsic extrinsic; intrinsic innate; extaneous extraneous; innate

answer

intrinsic; extrinsic

question

You hear a loud noise behind you and look back over your left shoulder. Which of the following is true? this was a contralateral contraction of your right sternocleidomastoid muscle this was a contralateral contraction of your left sternocleidomastoid muscle this was an ipsilateral contraction of your right sternocleidomastoid muscle this was an ipsilateral contraction of your left sternocleidomastoid muscle

answer

this was a contralateral contraction of your right sternocleidomastoid muscle

question

Which of the following describes muscular tissue emerging from bone rather than being separated from it by an obvious tendon direct attachment indirect attachment inverted attachment insertion origin

answer

direct attachment

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