question

The belief that natural processes were caused by forces that could be understood dates back about

answer

2,500 years

question

An investigator who conducts an experiment to determine how the rate at which the heart beats is affected by temperature changes is most likely to be a(n)

answer

Physiologist

question

The ability of an organism to sense changes that take place within its body is an example of

answer

Responsiveness

question

Which of the following processes is not concerned with maintaining the life of an adult organism? A. Responsiveness B. Movement C. Reproduction D. Metabolism

answer

C. Reproduction

question

Physical and chemical changes or reactions that occur within the body are collectively known as

answer

Metabolism

question

Increasing levels of complexity

answer

Organelles, cells, tissues, organs, systems

question

Of the items listed, which is not required for the maintenance of life? A. Water B. Food C. Carbon dioxide D. Pressure

answer

C. Carbon dioxide

question

Homeostasis is

answer

The tendency of the body to maintain a stable environment

question

How is oxygen used by living organisms?

answer

It Is used to release energy that is stored in food

question

Which of the following organs is located in the abdominopelvic cavity? A. Heart B. Trachea C. Thymus gland D. Kidney

answer

D. Kidney

question

The membrane on the surface of a lung is called the

answer

Visceral pleura

question

Function of the muscular system

answer

Production of body heat

question

Separates the body into right and left portions

answer

Sagittal

question

The upper mid portion of the abdomen is called the

answer

Epigastric region

question

The thoracic cavity lies where in relationship to the abdominopelvic cavity?

answer

Superior

question

What organ system is responsible for the production of blood cells

answer

Skeletal system

question

Anatomical position

answer

Face forward Arms at sides Body is erect

question

A mechanism functioning to maintain a stable internal environment is most likely to involve

answer

Negative feedback

question

A blood clot simulating the formation of more blood clotting is an example of

answer

Positive feedback

question

Ultrasonography is most useful for examining

answer

Medium density organs, such as the heart.

question

Magnetic resonance imaging makes use of

answer

Radio antennae

question

Magnetic resonance imaging might be used to

answer

Distinguish between normal and cancerous tissue Assess damage sustained by the heart Obtain a sectional view of the brain

question

The activities of an Anatomist consist of

answer

Observing Body parts

question

The activities of a physiologist consist of

answer

Studying functions of body parts

question

Characteristics of life

answer

Assimilation Responsiveness Respiration Circulation

question

Metabolism is defined as the

answer

Physical and chemical changes occurring in an organism

question

Homeostasis is a condition whereby body parts function efficiently only when the contractions of water, food substances, and oxygen, and the conditions of heat and pressure

answer

Remain within certain limited ranges

question

Homeostatic mechanisms are said to act by negative feedback because changes away from the normal state

answer

Stimulate changes to occur in the opposite direction

question

A parietal membrane

answer

Lines cavities

question

A visceral membrane

answer

Covers organs

question

The term anatomy comes from the Greek meaning

answer

A cutting up

question

The term physiology comes from the Greek meaning

answer

Relationship to nature

question

_____ are composed of even smaller subatomic particles

answer

Atoms

question

The most ancient and abundant unicellular organisms are

answer

Bacteria

question

Positive feedback mechanisms

answer

Move conditions away from the normal state

question

Positive feedback mechanisms usually produce

answer

Unstable conditions

question

Chemistry deals with

answer

Composition of substances Changes that occur in substances Substances that make up organisms

question

Which of the following substances is an element a. Iron B. Water C. Salt D. Glucose

answer

A. Iron

question

Substances that comprise over 95% of the human body

answer

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen

question

The atoms of two kinds of elements are likely to have

answer

Different sizes and different weights

question

The atoms of the isotopes of a particular element vary in the number of

answer

Neutrons

question

The first shell of an atom can hold a Maximum of

answer

2 electrons

question

If an atom has 3 electrons in its second shell and its first shell is filled, it will tend to

answer

Lose 3 electrons from its second shell

question

A decomposition reaction can be symbolized by

answer

AB--> A+B

question

A solution that contains equal numbers of hydrogen and hydroxyl ions would be called

answer

Neutral

question

The difference in hydrogen ion concentration between solutions with pH 4 and pH 5 is

answer

Tenfold

question

A chemical reaction in which pairs of two different molecules trade positions with one another is a(n)

answer

Exchange reaction

question

The unique, three dimensional structure of a protein molecule is maintained largely by

answer

Hydrogen bonds

question

Electrolytes are substances that

answer

Ionize when dissolved in water

question

The pH scale measures the

answer

Concentration of hydrogen ions in solution

question

Which of the following is the most abundant inorganic structure in cells? A. Carbohydrate B. Water C. Lipid D. Protein

answer

B. Water

question

Which of the following isotopes has the longest life? A. Iodine-131 B. Iron-59 C. Phosphorus-32 D. Radium-226

answer

D. Radium-226

question

Electrolytes that release hydrogen ions in water are called

answer

Acids

question

The isotope most likely to be used to study the thyroid gland is

answer

Iodine-141

question

Atomic radiation is useful for treating cancer because

answer

Radiation protects normal cells against the effects of cancer

question

Which of the following is a form of ionizing radiation? A. Cosmic radiation B. Gamma radiation C. Cosmic radiation and gamma radiation

answer

C. Cosmic radiation and gamma radiation

question

Exposure to ionizing radiation may cause

answer

Clouding of the lens of the eye Formation of cancer Interference with normal development

question

A person has alkalosis if the blood pH

answer

Rises above 7.4

question

The four most abundant elements in the human body are

answer

O, C, H, and N

question

Matter is composed of

answer

Elements

question

Elements themselves are composed of

answer

Atoms

question

A complete atom is electrically neutral because the number of

answer

Negative electrons and positive protons are equal

question

Atomic number is equal to the number of

answer

Protons

question

Atomic weight is equal to the

answer

Number of protons plus neutrons

question

Synthesis reactions are particularly important in the body for

answer

Growth of body parts

question

A covalent bond is characterized by

answer

Atoms sharing pairs of electrons

question

The pH scale can be described as a scale in which

answer

A tenfold difference in the hydrogen ion concentration occurs between each whole number on the scale The lower the whole number on the scale, the greater the H+ concentration pH values above 7 are basic

question

Organic substances are distinguished by molecules that

answer

Contain carbon

question

Inorganic substances are distinguished by molecules that

answer

Do not contain carbon

question

The role played by oxygen in the body is to

answer

Be used in the release of energy from glucose during respiration

question

Characteristics of carbohydrates

answer

They contain C, H, and O, with twice as many hydrogen as oxygen atoms They provide much of the energy that the cell needs They often are stored as reserve energy supplies

question

A simple carbohydrate is characterized by

answer

Having a molecular formula of C6H12O6

question

Lipids are characterized by

answer

A group of substances that are insoluble in water A number of compounds such as phospholipids, cholesterol, and fats Fat molecules containing C, H, and O, but the proportion of oxygen is much smaller than in carbohydrates

question

A protein can be denatured when

answer

Weak hydrogen bonds are broken

question

Saturated fats are distinguished by

answer

All carbon atoms being joined with single carbon-carbon bonds

question

Unsaturated fats are distinguished by

answer

One or more double bonds occurring between carbon atoms

question

General characteristics of a protein

answer

Serve as structural materials, energy sources, and chemical messengers Contain C, H, O, and N and sometimes sulfur Can act as enzymes

question

An enzyme is defined as

answer

A protein that speeds up chemical reactions without being changed or depleted

question

Examples of conditions in the body that cause denaturation are

answer

Excessive heat, radiation, electricity, or various chemicals

question

A general function of nucleic acids is that

answer

DNA stores genetic information

question

A general characteristic of nucleic acids is that they are

answer

Composed of building blocks called nucleotides

question

The element iodide is used by the

answer

Thyroid

question

Sodium ions and calcium ions are examples of

answer

Cations

question

When cations and anions meet

answer

They form a 3D structure

question

Table sugar breaking down into glucose and fructose is an example of

answer

A decomposition reaction

question

An acid reacting with a base is an example of

answer

An exchange reaction

question

Water causes substances formed with ionic bonds to

answer

Dissociate

question

When bases react with acids ____ and water are formed

answer

Electrolytes

question

An organic compound contains both

answer

Carbon and hydrogen

question

Carbon is unique because

answer

It can form 4 covalent bonds

question

Which of these is not considered a monosaccharide? A. Ribose B. 5-carbon sugar C. 6-carbon sugar D. Glycogen

answer

D. Glycogen

question

Glycogen is stored in the liver and

answer

Skeletal muscles

question

Which of the following is not true of the least healthy fats or transfats A. They emulsify easily B. they cause heart disease C. They are harder to break down D. They contain a high number of introduced double bonds

answer

A. They emulsify easily

question

Chemical motifs are composed of

answer

Localized shapes

question

Which of the following compounds is not hydrophilic? A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Proteins D. Nucleic acids

answer

A. Carbohydrates

question

Which of the following molecules lacks a polar region? A. Water B. Triglycerides C. Tryptophan D. Glucose

answer

B. Triglycerides

A&P chapters 1&2 – Flashcards

Unlock all answers in this set

Haven't found what you were looking for?

Search for samples, answers to your questions and flashcards