Antidepressants: MAOIs, SSRIs, Trycyclics, Heterocyclics – Flashcards

phenelzine sulfate (nor Dale), isocarboxazid (Marplan), tranycypromine (Parnate)

hypertensive crisis when taken with foods containing tyramine. Photosensitivity, weight gain, sexual dysfunction, orthostatic hypotension.

not the first line of drug for depression. Should not be taken with SSRIs. Administer antihypertensive medications with caution. Discontinue 10 days before general anesthesia.

fluoxetine (Prozac), cytalopram (Celexa), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluvoxamine (Luvox), paroxetine (Paxil), sertraline (Zoloft)

depression, obsessive-compulsive disorders, obesity, bulimia.

anxiety, tremor, dry mouth, taste change, rash, painful menstruation, sexual dysfunction, weight gain.

takes four weeks for full effect, monitor weight, taken the a.m., to not administer with MAOIs-risk of serotonin syndrome. Monitor for thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, and anemia.

amitriptyline (Elavil), imipramine (tofranil)

anticholinergic effects (dry mouth, blurred vision), confusion especially in the elderly, disturbed concentration, orthostatic hypotension, and bone marrow depression.

therapeutic effect in one of three weeks maximum response and 6 yo 9 weeks. Administered at night to promote sleep in decreased side effects during the day. Orthostatic hypotension precautions. Sugarless lozenges for dry mouth. Do not abruptly stop taking medication which can cause headache, vertigo, nightmares, malaise, we change. Avoid exposure to sun.

bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban), trazodone (Desyrel)

insomnia and agitation

sedation, orthostatic hypotension

may require gradual reduction before stopping, avoid use with alcohol, other CNS depressants for up to one week after the end of therapy.

aged cheese, liver, yogurt, Herring, yeast, beer, wine, sour cream, pickled products.

10 to 14 days because of increased energy.

SSRIs