anthropology ch. 13 and exam 3 review – Flashcards
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formed when one marries and has children
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family of procreation
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the family in which one is born and grows up
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family of orientation
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when an expanded household includes three or more generations
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extended family household
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when their jobs determine where they live and married couples are expected to establish a new place of reesidence
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neolocality
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permanent social unit whose members claim common ancestry
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descent group
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people automatically havee lifetime membership in their father's group
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patrilineal descent
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people join the mothers group automatically at birth and stay members throughout life
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matrilineal descent
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the descent rule uses one line only either the male or female line
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unilineal descent
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rule that when a couple marries it moves tothe husbands comunity so that their children will grow up in their father's village
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patrilocality
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married couples live in the wifes community and their children grow up in their mothers village
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matrilocality
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the custom and practice of seeking a mate outside ones own group
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exogamy
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sexual contact with a relative
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incest
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mating or mariage within a group to which one belongs
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endogamy
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a women's children who are permanently transferred to the husbands descent group
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progeny price
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a marital exchange in which the brides family or kin group provides substantial gifts when their daughtermarries
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dowry
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woman has multiple husbands
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polyandry
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if sarah dies young michaels group will ask sarahs group for a substitute like her sister
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sororate
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genocide
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the holocaust is one example of
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the view that cultural diversity in a country is something good and desirable
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multiculturalism
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society that combines ethnic conrasts ecological specialization and econiomic interdependece of groups
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plural society
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hispanics
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what is the fastest growing ethnic groupin the united states?
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when a dominant group compels a minority group to adopt the dominatn culture
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forced assimilation
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the devaluing of a group because of its assumed behavior values and abilities
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prejudice
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what is true about the united states census form?
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The choice of "some other race" has increased since 1980
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which of the following is a majordifference between Brazilian and american racial classification?
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in the united states social race is determined at birth and does not change butin brazil racial idenit canchange from day to day
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race is..?
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Culturally constructed
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for most of human history people lived in societies characterized by what kind of sociopolitical organization?
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band
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a person of inflence and presitige
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What is a bigman?
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what is true about nonstate societies?
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economic political and religious activites are often interrelated
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in bandsocieties what typicallly determinesteh amount of respec or staus that anindividual ejoys?
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culturally valued personal attributes
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foraging economies are usually associated with which type of sociopolitical organization?
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band
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which was not traditionally usedby the inuit to handle disputes? blood feuds song contests killing an offender courts of law
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courts of law
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what kind of exchange principle was prominent in polynesian chiefdoms?
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redistribution
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a group including all men and women born during a certain span of time
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what is an age set?
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what is most important in determining an individuals power and prestige in a state?
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socioeconomic class
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primarily foraging based subsistence stragey
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Which of the following is not typical of state societies?
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what does the sapir whorf hypothesis argue?
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languages people speak influence the way they think
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what term refers to the arrangement and order of words in phrases and sentences?
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syntax
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what do sociolinguists study?
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speech in its social context
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which linguist argued that all human languages have a common structural basis and that all humans have similar linguistic abilities?
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noam chomsky
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after being spoken for generations pidgins may develop into
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creole languages
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postmarital pattern in which married couple is expected to livein the husbands community?
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patrilocality
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major difference between descent groups and nuclear families?
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descent groups are permanent while nuclear families arenot
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what is true about incest taboo?
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incest taboo does not eliminate incest
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what term refers to a unilineal descent group whose members claimbut cannot demonstrate common descent from an apical ancestorf?
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lineage
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what are two basic social units typically found in foraging societies?
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nuclear family and band
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what is the name of the custom in which a widow marries the brother of her deceased husband?
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levirate marriage
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THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL TERM FOR A SOCIALLY RECOGNIZED MOTHER IS?
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Mater
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WHERE A MAN HAS MORE THAN ONE WIFE AT THE SAME TIME
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POLYGYNY
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WHEN THE WIFE HAS MANY HUSBANDS
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POLYANDRY
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IT INCREASES THE NUMBER OF INDIVIDUALS THAT ONECAN RELY ON IN TIMES OF NEED
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IN WHAT WAY IS EXOGAMY ADAPTIVE?
