ANTH FINAL – SET 1 – Flashcards
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Anthropology is a holistic discipline because it
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studies human biological, cultural, and linguistic variation across both time and space.
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refers to the specialized set of terms and distinctions that are particularly important to certain groups
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Focal Vocabulary
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States require specialized functions, including
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All of the above
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A common social unit among foragers is the
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band
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The strategy of using ________ is unique to anthropology
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ethnography
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_____________ was prominent in Polynesian chiefdoms
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The redistribution principle
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If an anthropologist is studying ethnic-religious conflict in contemporary Sri Lanka, he or she is most likely a(n)
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cultural anthropologist
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Individuals do NOT learn culture through
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genetic transmission
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Archaeologists study
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material remains
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When an individual gives something to someone else but expects nothing in return, this is an example of
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generalized reciprocity
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A_____ features differential access to resources based on social stratification
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State
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Which statement is NOT true?
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Human groups differ in their capacities for culture
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Which statement about nonhuman primate calls is NOT true?
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Nonhuman primate calls are able to demonstrate displacement.
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Taking part in the events one is witnessing and describing those events is
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participant observation
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_____ is NOT one of the adaptive strategies included in Cohen's typology
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Redistribution
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Shared culture means that culture is
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an attribute of individuals as members of their groups
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According to Weber, the basis of social status is
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prestige
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The process by which children learn culture is
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Enculturation
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Ascribed status is a
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status that a person has little or no choice about occupying
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The ____ technique was developed specifically because kinship and marriage
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genealogical method
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Survey research differs from ethnography in that survey research
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focuses on a subset of a larger population
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For much of human history, people lived societies characterized by a
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band
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Stratigraphy is useful for purposes of dating because
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the depth and order of undisturbed soil strata reflect the age of their deposition
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Agriculturalists
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use their land intensively and continuously
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__________ argued that all human languages have a common structural basis and that all humans have similar linguistic abilities
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Noam Chomsky
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Ethnography is
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the firsthand, personal study of local settings
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The type of pastoral economy in which the entire group moves with the animals throughout the year is
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nomadism
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___________ are the major components of fieldwork in archaeological anthropology
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Systematic survey and excavation
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The Sapir-Whorf hypothesis argues that
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the languages people speak influence the way they think
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Biological anthropologists study all of the following EXCEPT
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ancient languages
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The internalization of a dominant ideology is
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called hegemony
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Most professional linguists regard AAVE as a(n)
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dialect of English
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_______________ is a characteristic of most foraging societies
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Egalitarianism
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Ethocentrism is defined as view another culture
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in terms of your own culture and values
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Which of the following statements is a distinction between culture and society?
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People share society with other animals, but culture is distinctly human
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___________ diffusion takes place when two cultures trade, intermarry, or wage war on one another
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Direct
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A big mans position does NOT depend on
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inherited status
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Which statement is NOT true? (CR)
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Cultural relativism argues that some cultures are relatively better than others
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_________ is a cultural universal
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some kind of family
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Agricultural intensification is NOT associated with
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greater ecological diversity
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_____________ refers to the arrangements and order of words in phrases and sentences
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Syntax
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The study of the relationships between social and linguistic variation is
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sociolinguistics
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The Basseri and the Qashqai
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differ in authority structure, with the Qashqai featuring a more complex and hierarchical structure than the Basseri
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An expert on a particular aspect of local life is a(n)
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key cultural consultant
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Deborah Tannen's research on the speech habits of men and women has revealed that
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women tend to use language to build social connections with others
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Horticulture makes intensive use of
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none of these factors of production
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The four main subdisciplines of anthropology consist of
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biological, linguistic, cultural, archaeology
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________ defines the processes by which organisms cope with environmental forces and stresses
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Adaptation
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In the film "First Contact," what did the Australian prospectors do to show the Papuans that they were not unarmed and that they should not steal from them?
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The killed a pig with a gun
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According to the film, with what did the prospectors pay the Papuans who worked in the mines?
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Shells
