question

What is the name of the stone tool technology created by early hominins during the Lower Paleolithic that was the first bifacial and high standardized tool in early human history? (Hint: the Swiss Army knife of the Paleolithic)

answer

Acheulean

question

If a core is being worked by hitting an implement of wood, antler, bone, or stone with a hammerstone, what technique is being used?

answer

Indirect Percussion

question

Which of the following is not a step in the process of domestication?

answer

All of the above.

question

Match the stone tool technology to the hominin species that create it.

answer

Oldowan D. Homo habilis Acheulean A. Homo erectus Mousterian C. Homo neandertalensis Harpoons B. Homo sapiens

question

What period time is characterized by the presence of domesticated plants and animals as well as the widespread use of pottery and ground stone tools?

answer

Neolithic

question

During the Upper Paleolithic, spears were propelled with a spear-thrower rather than thrown with the arm. What is the name of this device?

answer

atlatl

question

The Paleo-Indian culture in North America, named for their spear points frequently found at mammoth kill sites, is referred to as the ______________ culture

answer

Clovis

question

Caste systems are a closed system, in which membership is determined at birth, and marriage is restricted to members of one's own caste.

answer

True

question

In ancient Egypt, the earliest writing is known as __________, and were typically written or rolls of woven of papyrus reeds.

answer

Hieroglyphics

question

What type of political unit has a centralized decision making process with power to govern by force (e.g., collect taxes, draft people for war and work, and make and enforce laws)?

answer

State

question

__________ does not mean that all people within society are the same, but that all people of a given age-sex category have equal access to economic resources, power, and prestiage

answer

Egalitarian

question

Market economies are typically associated with both band-level societies and chiefdoms.

answer

False

question

Which one of these was not a location of the six earliest state-level societies?

answer

Congo River Valley

question

Which answer below is not one of the consequence of increasing sociopolitical complexity?

answer

Decrease in the type and size of material possessions

question

What development must be achieved in order for a society to produce a state level society?

answer

Agriculture

question

Sumerian writing or __________ was formed by pressing a wedge-shaped stylus against a damp clay tablet.

answer

Cuneiform

question

Unlike ancient Egyptian writing, which developed as a form of political propaganda, anceint chinese writing initially developed for use in __________.

answer

ritual and divination

question

The __________ occurs among Native Americans of the Pacific Northwest Coast and involves grand feasts and gifts as a way for an individual or village to gain status.

answer

Potlatch

question

__________ is the study of the human past focusing on the recovery of material remains, observing changes in those remains, and providing possible explanations for those changes.

answer

Archaeology

question

The study of a society's material culture prior to the advent of writing is known as:

answer

Prehistory

question

A spear thrower or wooden shaft that was used to propel a spear or dart, which first appeared in the Upper Paleolithic is referred to as a(n)?

answer

Atlatl

question

The study of the prehistoric use of plants is referred to as?

answer

Archaeology

question

What is the name of the stone tool technology created by early hominins during the Lower Paleolithic that was the first bifacial and high standardized tool in early human history? (Hint: the Swiss Army knife of the Paleolithic)

answer

Not "Oldowan"

question

Originally meaning "the new stone age," the __________ is now primarily defined by the presence of domesticated plants and animals.

answer

Neolithic

question

Which answer below is not one of the consequences of the rise of food producing economies?

answer

Decreased elaboration of material possessions

question

Mound 72, at __________ in southern Illinois is a Native American burial mound that contains numerous burials, including sacrificial victims and elites with highly prestigious grave goods.

answer

Cahokia

question

Sumerian writing or __________ was formed by pressing a wedge-shaped stylus against a damp clay tablet.

answer

Cuneiform

question

Unlike ancient Egyptian writing, which developed as a form of political propaganda, ancient Chinese writing developed for use in__________.

answer

Not "Art"

question

The boc mo is an example of a(n) __________ burial - a body interred in the ground then later removed and relocated to another location or cremated.

answer

Secondary

question

The earliest form of __________ writing in ancient Egypt is found on the Edwin Smith Papyrus, the oldest patient file which describes the diagnosis and treatment of the ill.

answer

Hieratic

question

___________ is used to determine the age of a specimen or deposit compared to another specimen or deposit. __________ is used to measure how old a specimen or deposit is in years.

answer

Relative Dating; Absolute Dating

question

__________describes a body placed in the ground in the fetal position - resting on one side with the legs bent towards the chest.

answer

Flexed

question

As the practice is found throughout history, archaeologists believe that to bury someone in the _______________ position is a nearly-universal cultural insult.

answer

Prone

question

Although disputed, __________ are generally believed to be the first hominin species to bury their dead, as evident at Shanidar Cave, Israel where an adult male was found buried with high pollen concentrations, suggesting he was laid to rest on a bed of flowers.

answer

Homo neanderthalensis

question

__________ are rigid microstructures in plant cells that can be found on teeth and tools which indicate what foods were being consumed.

answer

phytoliths

question

Which theory of complexity argues that civilization progresses when inhabitants are restricted by environmental barriers and/or other societies?

answer

Not "Natural Habitat Hypothesis"

question

Which tool making technique was once believed to be no older than 20,000 years until recent discoveries at Blombos cave, South Africa that date this technique at 75,000 years ago.

answer

Not "Direct Percussion"

question

The systematic uncovering of archaeological deposits and the recovery of material remains from those deposits is called __________.

answer

Excavation

question

Who is Europe's oldest naturally preserved mummy? (Hint: Bronze age male found on the Austrian/Italian border).

answer

Otzi

question

In Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, the __________site is a set of 3 large stone stabs that allow light to be projected onto spiral petroglyphs during specific times of the year, marking both solstices and equinoxes.

answer

Sun Dagger

question

Archaeologists use the word "seriation" to describe:

answer

Sequencing of artifact types to show variability over time

question

In what area of the world did the earliest signs of domestication and settled life appear?

answer

Mesopotamia

question

There are two types of writing: semantic writing, such as pictograms, which imply ________ and phonetic writing, like alphabetic scripts, which imply ______.

answer

Meaning; Sound

question

What is the worst mistake made by the human race according to Jared Diamond?

answer

Agriculture

question

While excavating you immediately uncover a US quarter (near the grass), followed by some ceramics in the subsequent layer, a gunflint in the layer below the ceramics, and finally some projectile points at the base of the unit. Since the site has not been disturbed, the oldest artifact(s) should be the:

answer

Projectile Points

question

To answer question #28, you employed a relative dating concept known as:

answer

Stratigraphy

question

If a core is being worked by hitting an implement of wood, antler, bone, or stone with a hammerstone, what technique is being used?

answer

Not "Pressure Flaking"

question

The Paleo-Indian culture in North America, named for their spear points frequently found at mammoth kill sites, is referred to as the ________ culture.

answer

Clovis

question

The Narmer palate of ancient Egypt depicts what historic event?

answer

Unification of Upper and Lower Egypt

question

Choose the answer the correctly describes the evolution of the pyramids in Egypt from earliest to more recent.

answer

Not "Tomb - Mastaba - Bent Pyramid - Stepped Pyramid - True Pyramid"

question

A(n) __________ is an astronomical event that occurs twice each year when the Sun reaches its northernmost or southernmost extremes.

answer

Soltice

question

In Mesopotamian writing, the clay envelopes that were used to transport clay tokens are referred to as:

answer

Not Cuneiform

question

Artifact Feature Ecofact Context Site

answer

b. a portable object made or modified by humans d. a non-portable human-made object e. a natural item that is a byproduct of human activity c. the spatial relationship among material remains a. a concentration of material culture

question

The birth of Christ is a chronological reference point.

answer

True

question

Inorganic remains tend to decompose faster than organic remains.

answer

False

question

In a non-disease related catastrophic event, it is not important to allocate labor and resources for the sanitation and disposal/interment of the dead. In other words, leaving the dead unburied will not adversely affect the survivors.

answer

True

question

The technique of seriation can only be applied to material remains of prehistoric cultures.

answer

False

question

The calendar system we use today is called the Gregorian calendar.

answer

True

question

The correct order of the Three Age system from earliest to most recent is Stone, Iron, Bronze.

answer

False

question

The site of Stonehenge was inhabited, the monument was constructed, and the site abandoned, all of which occurred in less than 300 years.

answer

False

question

Vertical excavations are the primary method for examining a site's chronology.

answer

True

question

Most measures of radioactive decay are methods of relative dating.

answer

False

question

Most calendar systems do not need some form of intercalation in order to keep the calendar year synchronized with the changing of the seasons or astronomical events.

answer

False

question

__________ focuses on how languages change over time.

answer

Historical Linguistics

question

_________ is a set of propositions that are logically connected and provide an explanation for some phenomenon, whereas __________ are the observations of the world that support or oppose the explanation for a specific phenomenon.

answer

Theory, evidence

question

A society's postpartum sex taboo, the prohibition against husbands and wives having sexual intercourse for a period of time following the birth of a child, is heavily influenced by the availabilty of protein.

answer

True

question

The concurrent use of more than one language in the course of conservation (ex., "Your cooking is excelente" [Spanish for excellent]) is an example of __________.

answer

Code-Switching

question

Speaking is the only way of communicating.

answer

False

question

Theories can be proven.

answer

False

question

_________________ is a way that people undersrtand the world around them. ________________ is a system that helps people deal with their everyday problems.

answer

Construction of meaning; Adaptive system

question

The __________ states that language affects how individuals in a society perceive and conceive reality.

answer

Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis

question

If an anthropologist wanted to conduct a non-historical study on a single society in Africa, what type of research would be the most appropriate?

answer

Ethnography

question

To put it in its simplest terms, phonology is the study of __________, whereas morphology is the study of ___________.

answer

sounds, meanings

question

Based on the photograph, what type of subsistence is being practiced?

answer

Agriculture

question

What activity provides hunters and gatherers with the most calories?

answer

Fishing

question

What are the two items used in the Kula Ring of the Trobriand Islanders?

answer

Necklaces and Armbands

question

Which type of subsistence strategies are most susceptible to food shortages?

answer

Both A and B

question

The first evidence of food production occurred in the Near East about __________ years ago.

answer

10,000

question

The Yanomamö of the Amazon practice what form of subsistence?

answer

Horticulture

question

Which of these subsistence practices are associated with most egalitarian societies?

answer

Foraging

question

Egalitarian societies are the only societies that do not have divisions in labor based on age and sex.

answer

False

question

________________ is when goods or services are given to another, without any apparent expectation of a return gift.

answer

Generalized reciprocity

question

The Kula Ring is an example of generalized reciprocity.

answer

False

question

Biological differences in the physical traits between males and females is referred to as __________, while the set of behaviors expected by society is referred to as __________roles.

answer

sex, gender

question

Which of these theories is not an explanation for a universal taboo on family incest?

answer

postpartum sex

question

According to the __________ theory, men may produce musical instruments from wood because they are the ones who collect the wood in the first place and probably understand its physical properties better than women.

answer

Economy-of-effort

question

_____________________ are children of siblings of the opposite sex, such as a father's sister's children or a mother's brother's children.

answer

cross cousins

question

If a cultural group has a preference for selecting marriage partners from within their own village, then they are __________ at the village level.

answer

Endogamous

question

__________ is a gift of goods or money from the groom and his kin to the bride's kin

answer

Bride price

question

The Cheyenne, Native Americans of the Great Plains, recognize 3 distinct genders; male, female, and a third gender, referred to as a __________.

answer

Two-spirit

question

The marriage of one woman to more than one man at a time is known as __________.

answer

Polyandry

question

There is much variation cross-culturally regarding sexuality, specifically homosexuality, premartial sex, and extramartial affairs.

answer

True

question

Humans are sexually dimorphic.

answer

True

question

In the research conducted by Aornoff, ______________ masks were based on angular designs, whereas ____________ masks incorporated curved, rounded forms

answer

threatening, nonthreatening

question

According to the textbook, research suggests that some emotional displays may be universal

answer

True

question

According to the textbook, students were able to quickly recognize the ___________ figures, which suggests that humans may be hard-wired to rapidly assess and recognize a ________.

answer

V-shaped, threat

question

According to Cheryl Claassen's work on the Shell Mound Archaic culture of the Tennessee River Valley, the construction of the shell mounds: Answer

answer

stops around 3,000 years ago

question

According to Claassen, agricultural activities in traditional socieites are primarily conducted by women, while gathering of shellfish is typically conducted by men.

answer

False

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