Anesthetic Monitoring VTNE – Flashcards
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The most reliable sign of inadequate anesthetic depth is
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Responsive movement
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*Pulse oximeters* give an estimate of
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Percentage of hemoglobin saturation with oxygen in arterial blood
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Adequate oxygen may be evaluated subjectively during anesthesia by the
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Mucous membrane color and capillary refill time
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*Hypoventilation* that occurs in the anesthetized patient is characterized by
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Decreased oxygen levels and increased carbon dioxide levels
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During the maintenance period of anesthesia in a dog or cat, respiratory rates lower than how many breaths per minute may indicate excessive anesthetic depth that should be reported to the vet?
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8
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The cause of true hyperventilation and tachypnea during anesthesia may include all of the following *except*:
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Progression from light to moderate anesthesia
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If the rectum of a patient is covered by a surgical drape or is otherwise inaccessible to the anesthetist, a rough estimate of body temp can be obtained by
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Touching the patients feet or ears
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Which statement concerning eye position, pupil size, and responsiveness to light as indicators of anesthetic depth is *least accurate*?
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In Stage III, Plane 2 of anesthesia, the eyes are usually rotated ventrally with slightly dilated pupils
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The presence or absence of salivary and lacrimal secretions may give clues regarding anesthetic depth. In an animal that has not received an anticholinergic, which statement concerning observance of these secretions is the *most accurate*?
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Tear and saliva production diminishes as anesthetic depth is increased
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What stage of anesthesia may be characterized by *vocalization, struggling, and breath holding*?
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Stage II
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If a dog is too deeply anesthetized, all of the following may be seen *except*:
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Increased jaw tone
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The patient is in an excessively deep plane of anesthesia. Which answer would *not* be an explanation?
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The endotracheal tube is kinked
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A dog under anesthesia has a HR of 230 beat/min. Which of the following is the best explanation?
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The patient is in too light a plane of anesthesia
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*Hypothermia*:
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Prolongs anesthetic recovery
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A *capnograph* measures
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Expired CO2
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A dog in an appropriate plane of anesthesia under isoflurane would be expected to have a pulse oximeter reading of
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97
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An *esophageal stethoscope* can be used to monitor
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Heart and respiratory rates
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Which of the following is *not* normally present in Stage IV of general anesthesia?
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Constricted pupils
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What *reflex* may still be present under an optimal surgical plane of anesthesia?
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Palpebral
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The optimal stage/plane of anesthesia for most *sx* is
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Stage 3, Plane 2
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Which of the following does *not* describe a true reflex response?
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Jaw tone
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Which of the following is *not* likely to result in a patient demonstrating Stage II of anesthesia?
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Injecting an anesthetic agent IV too rapidly
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Generally speaking, how often should high risk patients be monitored while under anesthesia?
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Continuously
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*Stage 3, Plane 1* is best described as
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Too light for most surgical procedures
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The period of *early* anesthetic overdose
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Stage 3, Plane 4
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The period in which simply turning off the vaporizer will not lighten the patient, and resuscitation would be required in order to save the patients life is
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Stage 4
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Which of the following is considered the *most common* anesthetic complication?
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Hypothermia
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During a routine spay in a large dog, the anesthetist notices a slight increase in the dog's HR and RR while the surgeon is attempting to ligate the ovarian artery. Which of the following is the best response to this observation?
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Continue monitoring and assess other reflexes
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Which of the following is best described as the period of *voluntary movement*?
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Stage 1
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The *minimum* acceptable HR for an anesthetized large breed dog is ______ bpm
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60
