Ancient Rome Study Guide – Flashcards

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_____ and __________are the legendary founders of Rome.
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Remus and Romulus
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The ___ River Valley is the low land between the Alps and the Apennines.
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Po
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The __________ Sea is off the EAST coast of the Italian peninsula.
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Adriatic
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__________is the island off the southern tip of the Italian peninsula.
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Sicily
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Around 1000 B.C., _______ began migrating to the Italian River. They settled south of the _______ River where they raised crops and herded sheep, goats and cattle.
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Latins and Tiber
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Around 600 B.C., the _________ people from the northern part of Italy, took control of Rome. They had traded with the _________, and they brought many of the _______ ideas and customs with them.
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Etruscan and Greeks and Greek
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After ____ years of Etruscan rule, the Romans rebelled and the __________ was formed.
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100 and Republic
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A small number of wealthy Roman families that held all governmental power are the ___________.
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Patricians
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_________ consisted of most of the population. Artisans, shopkeepers, peasants, etc. A few were wealthy, most were poor.
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Plebeians
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Only ________ could hold political, religious, or military offices. __________ had to serve in the army and pay taxes.
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Patricians and Plebeians
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________ were the most powerful group in government.
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Senators
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Senators had to be ___________ (descendents of early Roman citizens), and most were members of wealthy families.
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Patrician
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The Republic of Rome was not a __________ because not every citizen had the same power. _________ had NO rights.
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Democracy ad Slaves
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The Roman government began recording laws on _____ tablets. The "____________" were laws posted in Rome's Forum.
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Clay and Twelve Tables
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_________ were elected to protect plebeian rights.
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Tribunes
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By 367 B.C., the government had become more __________, and by 287 B.C., complete equality had been reached.
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Democratic
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What is SPQR?
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Senate and the People of Rome
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In all classes the ______ ruled the households.
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Men
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By 272 B.C., all of the peninsula was under Roman control and a rivalry developed between Rome and __________ (a city-state in northern Africa founded by the Phoenecians) over who would control sea trade in the western Mediterranean.
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Carthage
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Rome and Carthage fought 3 wars between 264 B.C. and 146 B.C. called the ______________.
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Punic Wars
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During the 2nd Punic War, Rome was threatened when _____________ and his army (some on elephants) marched on the city of Rome.
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Hannibal
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Brothers, ________ and _____ proposed land reforms, due to the civil unres.
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Tiberius and Gaius
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____________ brings order to Rome. Him, Crassus, and Pompeu form a triumvirate. He defeats his rivals and in 46 B.C. becomes dictator.
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Julius Caesar
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Julius Caesar was assassinated in 44 B.C. by _____________, a friend.
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Marcus Brutus
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Octavian, a.k.a. _____________, stabilized the frontier, glorified Rome, instituted civil service, and defeats Mark Antony and Cleopatra.
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Agustus Caesar
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Pax Romana means...
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Roman Peace
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The Roman professional army was divided into large groups called __________.
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Legions
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The ___________ system is a system erected to carry water from place to place.
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Aqueduct
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The ___________ was a road that was 50,000 miles long starting from Rome going north.
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Via Appia
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Chariot races were held at the ______________.
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Circus Maximus
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The Romans introduced a common ________ within the empire.
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Currency
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A trained fighter that fought for entertainment was a ____________.
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Gladiator
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Emperor _________ (117-138 AD) built a wall in Britain to keep barbarians out.
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Hadrian
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Emperor ___________(284 AD) divides the empire into East and West and places an administrator in each.
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Diocletian
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Emperor ______________(313 AD) ended persecution of Christians by issuing the Edict of Milan. He moves capital to Byzantium and renames it Constantinople. It thrives.
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Constantine
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The Fall of Rome occurs when it is sacked by the ___________ in 410 AD and overrun by the Vandals in 455 AD.
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Visigoth
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The ________ River runs through Rome.
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Tiber
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indirect democracy; representative government
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Republic
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Ceasar, Crassus, and Pompey formed a...
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Triumvirate
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