Anatomy Exam-Chapters 1&2 – Flashcards
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The building up phase of metabolism is called
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anabolism
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As a group, compounds that release ions when they dissolve in water are called
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solvents
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Each whole number on the pH scale represents a ____ - fold difference in hydrogen ion concentration.
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10
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Which elements make up 95% (by weight) of the human body?
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carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen
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Which of the following is not organic?
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Carbon dioxide
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Inorganic substances that usually dissociate in water are called
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electrolytes.
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At the cellular level of organization, biology becomes the study of
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chemistry
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Which of the following chemicals is not an inorganic substance?
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Protein
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Water is
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-the most abundant chemical in the body. -a major component of the extracellular fluid. -a requirement of life. -a component of the internal environment.
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The organ systems responsible for integration and coordination are the nervous and endocrine systems.
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true
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The diaphragm separates the thoracic and the abdominopelvic cavities.
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true
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The formula H2O means
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a molecule contains 2 hydrogen atoms and 1 oxygen atom.
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The first electron shell of an atom can hold a maximum of
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2 electrons
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When a body is in the anatomical position, it is
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standing erect with the face forward
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which of the following organs is found in the pelvic cavity
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urinary bladder
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homeostatic mechanisms act through positive feedback
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false
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which of the following causes conditions in the body to move away from the normal state
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positive feedback
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which of the following is not an element
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water
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the elbow is distal to the wrist
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false
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as hydrogen ion concentration increases the pH number
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gets smaller
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which of the following is the correct levels of organization
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organelles, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems
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homeostasis refers to
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maintaining internal conditions
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the breaking down phase of metabolism is called
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catabolism
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a decomposition reaction can be symbolized as
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AB=A+B
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which of the following includes all the others
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metabolism
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the different types of cardohydrates do not include
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proteins
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which of the following directly cause the changes in the internal environment needed to maintain homeostasis
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effectors
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The membrane on the surface of the lung is called the
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visceral pleura.
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Carbon dioxide is
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a waste product of metabolic processes.
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The attraction of the positive hydrogen end of a polar molecule to the negative nitrogen or oxygen end of another polar molecule is called a(an)
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hydrogen bond
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A solution that has a pH of 6 has ten times the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution with a pH of
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7
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The atoms of the isotopes of a particular element vary in the number of
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neutrons
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Parietal membranes are attached to the surfaces of organs.
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false
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Proteins include DNA and RNA.
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false
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Heat helps determine the rate of metabolic reactions.
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true
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The electrons of an atom occupy one or more areas of space called
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shells
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The ears are lateral to the eyes.
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true
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Which of the following is true of positive feedback mechanisms?
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They cause unstable conditions, at least temporarily
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A part that is above another part is said to be
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superior
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The axial portion of the body includes
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the cranial cavity, vertebral canal, thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
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All materials, including those of the human body, are composed of chemicals.
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true
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Requirements of humans do not include
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light
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A section that separates the body into left and right portions is a
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sagittal section
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Which of the following examples illustrates a homeostatic mechanism?
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shivering in response to a drop in body temperature
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All of the food that we eat, liquids that we drink and medications that we take are
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chemicals
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The human organism can be divided into an axial portion and appendicular portion.
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true
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Which of the following best describes the smaller cavities in the head?
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-all of the above the paranasal sinuses the oral cavity the middle ear cavities the nasal cavity
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Of the items listed, which is not required from the environment for the maintenance of life?
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carbon dioxide
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The muscular system is responsible for body movements, maintenance of posture and production of body heat.
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true
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The ability of an organism to sense changes in its body is an example of
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responsiveness
