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What is the Neoclassic Period also known as?

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the Early National Period

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The literary period which emphasized CLARITY, PLAINNESS, RATIONALISM, and DIDACTISM

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the Neoclassic Period (Early National Period or Neoclassical Era)

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What did the Neoclassical Era/Neoclassic Period emphasize? (4)

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CLARITY PLAINNESS RATIONALISM DIDACTISM

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The literary era in which there was a shift from the Puritan God of the Bible and a focus on man and his mind

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the Neoclassical ERa

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Other names for the Neoclassical Era

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Enlightenment Age of Reason Age of Science

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The movement influenced by the French in which men, and not God, were the center of literature Another name for the Neoclassical Era

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Enlightenment

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List 4 beliefs of the Neoclassical Era

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Science over theology Skepticism over Authority Reason over Faith Rationalism

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What did the writers of the Neoclassical Era place above theology?

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Science

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What did the writers of the Neoclassical Era place above authority?

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Skepticism

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What did the writers of the Neoclassical Era place above faith?

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Reason

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What belief did the writers of the Neoclassical Era emphasize? This belief teaches that Reason can discover all truth The world is progressing Man is reasonable and perfectible

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Rationalism

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The belief that teaches that Reason can discover all truth The world is progressing Man is reasonable and perfectible It was emphasized during the Neoclassical Era

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Rationalism

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According to class notes, what does the belief of Rationalism teach?

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This belief teaches that Reason can discover all truth The world is progressing Man is reasonable and perfectible

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In the Neoclassical belief that science is above theology, where did the writers believe that proof of God can be found?

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Proof of God is found in nature

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According to the Neoclassical belief that reason is more important that faith, what kind of God did the Neoclassical writers write of?

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No longer the Puritan God of wrath, but a gentler God of natural philosophy

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Did the Neoclassics view God as the Puritans did?

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no

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List the 6 literary characteristics of the Neoclassical Era

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Clarity, rationality Progress Perfectibility of man/institutions Efficacy of reason (Reason can produce the desired results) Beneficence of God Patriotism

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The 4 genres of the Neoclassical Era

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Political Essays / Pamphlets Scientific Writing Poetry Novel (not popular yet)

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Name two poets of the Neoclassical Era

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Wheatley Freneau

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Who was known as the Epitome of Neoclassicism?

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Benjamin Franklin

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Was Benjamin Franklin a Deist?

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no

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According to class notes, how do we know Benjamin Franklin was not a deist?

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He appealed to prayer at the Constitutional Convention He believed that "God governs in the affairs of men"

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The belief that teaches that reason can discover all truth, that the world is progressing, and that man is perfectible

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rationalism

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The false religion that developed from rationalism

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deism

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The false religion that developed from rationalism This religion teaches that after God created the world and its natural laws, He left the world to run itself

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deism

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that false religion that teaches that after God created the world and its natural laws, He left the world to run itself

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deism

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From what false belief was the religion of deism developed?

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rationalism

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The American who was known as the Epitome of Neoclassicism He was a scientist, inventor, thinker, author, and politician

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Benjamin Franklin

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What are the two works written by Benjamin Franklin that are presented in this class?

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The Way to Wealth (preface to Poor Richard's Almanac) The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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The Way to Wealth, by Benjamin Franklin, was the preface to which work?

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Poor Richard's Almanac

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The author of The Way to Wealth

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Benjamin Franklin

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What was Poor Richard's Almanac renamed in 1748?

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Poor Richard Improved

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"I own that, to encourage the practice of remembering and repeating those wise sentences, I have sometimes quoted myself with great gravity."

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THE WAY TO WEALTH (preface to Poor Richard's Almanac) - Benjamin Franklin

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"There are no gains without pains"

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THE WAY TO WEALTH (preface to Poor Richard's Almanac) - Benjamin Franklin

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"This doctrine, my friends, is reason and wisdom; but after all, do not depend too much upon your own industry, and frugality, and prudence, though excellent things, for they mat all be blasted without the blessing of heaven..."

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THE WAY TO WEALTH (preface to Poor Richard's Almanac) - Benjamin Franklin

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"Thus the old gentleman ended his harangue. The people heard it, and approved the doctrine, and immediately practiced the contrary, just as if it had been a common sermon."

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THE WAY TO WEALTH (preface to Poor Richard's Almanac) - Benjamin Franklin

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The literary device used in the following section of The Way to Wealth : "Thus the old gentleman ended his harangue. The people heard it, and approved the doctrine, and immediately practiced the contrary, just as if it had been a common sermon."

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satire

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Ridicule, through wit or humor, of human folly or vice with the purpose of correcting it

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satire

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What is satire?

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Ridicule, through wit or humor, of human folly or vice with the purpose of correcting it

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The THEME of the section presented in class from The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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Self-perfection

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"I now had access to better books. An acquaintance with the apprentices of booksellers enabled me sometimes to borrow a small one, which I was careful to return soon and clean. Often I sat up in my room reading the greatest part of the night, when the book was borrowed in the evening and to be returned early in the morning, lest it should be missed or wanted."

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The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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In the following lines from The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, what was Benjamin Franklin trying to prefect? "I now had access to better books. An acquaintance with the apprentices of booksellers enabled me sometimes to borrow a small one, which I was careful to return soon and clean. Often I sat up in my room reading the greatest part of the night, when the book was borrowed in the evening and to be returned early in the morning, lest it should be missed or wanted."

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his reputation

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"I saw the justice of his remarks, and thence grew more attentive to the manner in writing, and determined to endeavor at improvement."

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The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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"It was about this time I conceiv'd the bold and arduous project of arriving at moral perfection. I wish'd to live without committing any fault at any time; I would conquer all that either natural inclination, custom, or company might lead me into."

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The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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What are three things Benjamin Franklin tried to improve?

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His reputation His writing skills Tried to prefect himself morally

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The belief evident in the following lines from The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin : "It was about this time I conceiv'd the bold and arduous project of arriving at moral perfection. I wish'd to live without committing any fault at any time; I would conquer all that either natural inclination, custom, or company might lead me into."

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rationalism

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From all the virtues Benjamin Franklin tried to improve in his own life, which one seemed the most difficult?

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Order

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In which virtue did Benjamin Franklin try to "imitate Jesus and Socrates"?

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Humility

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Who did Benjamin Franklin try to imitate when he was learning humility?

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Jesus Socrates

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"Order gave me the most trouble."

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The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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"...tho' I never arrived at the perfection I had been so ambitious of obtaining, but fell far short of it, yet I was, by the endeavour, a better and a happier man that I otherwise should have been if I had not attempted it..."

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The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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"It may be well my posterity should be informed that to this little artifice, with the blessing of God, their ancestor ow'd the constant felicity of his life, down to his seventy-ninth year in which this was written."

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The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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"I hope, therefore, that some of my descendants may follow the example and reap the benefit."

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The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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The organized narrative of the writer's life with the purpose of revealing his character and development and is different from memoir, diary, and hournal

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autobiography

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The organized narrative of the writer's life with the purpose of revealing his character and development

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autobiography

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Who wrote Letters from an American Farmer?

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J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur

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The conclusion of the part we covered from The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin

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He did not succeed, "but fell far short"

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The Frenchman who settled in New York and wrote Letters from an American Fartmer

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J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur

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J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur's best-known work In this work he presents his observations of colonial America through the persona of James - a simple, native-born American farmer

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Letters from an American Farmer

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What is the THEME of Letters from an American Farmer (Letter III) ?

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What is an American? - A new race - A new man

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According to Letters from an American Farmer, how is the new man rewarded?

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He is "rewarded by ample substance"

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"Here individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men, whose labors and posterity will one day cause great changes in the world."

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Letters from an American Farmer (What is an American?) - J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur

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What are the following lines from Letters of an American Farmer and what do they talk about? "Here individuals of all nations are melted into a new race of men, whose labors and posterity will one day cause great changes in the world."

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they are a prophecy they talk about a new man

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"Wives and children, who before in vain demanded of him a morsel of bread, now, fat and frolicsome, gladly help their father to clear those fields whence exuberant crops are to arise to feed and to clothe them all..."

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Letters from an American Farmer (What is an American?) - J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur

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"...rewarded by ample subsistence. - This is an American."

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Letters from an American Farmer (What is an American?) - J. Hector St. John de Crevecoeur

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What does de Crevecoeur focus on in his work "What is an America?" from Letters from an American Farmer?

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He focuses on the REWARD

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The second American woman to publish a book of poems

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Phillis Wheatley

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The second American woman to publish a book of poems She was born in Africa and captured as a slave when she was eight years old She began writing poetry at 13

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Phillis Wheatley

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Who wrote the poem "On Being Brought from Africa to America"?

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Phillis Wheatley

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Who wrote "A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an Infant of Twelve Months"?

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Phillis Wheatley

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THEME of "On Being Brought from Africa to America"

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GOD'S MERCY - on her - on her race

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The Neoclassical Poets

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Phillis Wheatley Freneau Dwight

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The tone/mood of the child in "A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an Infant of Twelve Months"

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Thankful

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The tone/mood of the parents in "A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an Infant of Twelve Months"

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sorrowful

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The tone/mood of the poet in "A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an Infant of Twelve Months"

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hopeful

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"The raptur'd babe replies, 'Thanks to my God, who snatch'd me to the skies"

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"A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an Infant of Twelve Months" (Phyllis Wheatley)

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"To yon bright regions let your faith ascend, Prepare to join your dearest infant friend In pleasures without measure, without end."

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"A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an Infant of Twelve Months" (Phyllis Wheatley)

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In the following lines of "A Funeral Poem on the Death of C.E., an Infant of Twelve Months," what does the poet turn the reader's attention to?

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Tuns attention to the hope

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A formal and sustained poem meditating on death of a particular person or of man in general

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elegy

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Who was known as the "Poet of the American Revolution"?

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Philip Freneau

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"Poet of the American Revolution"

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Philip Freneau

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Who wrote the poem "The Wild Honey Suckle"?

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Philip Freneau

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THEME of "The Wild Honey Suckle"

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Temporary, transient things of nature

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"Thus quietly thy summer goes, Thy days declining to repose."

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"The Wild Honey Suckle" (Philip Freneau)

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"Smit with those charms, that must decay, I grieve to see your future doom"

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"The Wild Honey Suckle" (Philip Freneau)

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"Unpitying frosts, and Autumn's power, Shall leave no vestige of this flower."

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"The Wild Honey Suckle" (Philip Freneau)

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"If nothing once, you nothing lose, For when you die you are the same; The space between is but an hour, The frail duration of a flower." **

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"The Wild Honey Suckle" (Philip Freneau)

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"If nothing once, you nothing lose, For when you die you are the same; The space between is but an hour, The frail duration of a flower."

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"The Wild Honey Suckle" (Philip Freneau)

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The grandson of Jonathan Edwards He wrote Triumph of Infidelity (The Smooth Divine is a poem from this work)

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Timothy Dwight

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Who wrote "The Smooth Divine"?

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Timothy Dwight

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The Poet of the American Revolution He represents Neoclassical Thought

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Philip Freneau

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The poet who represents Neoclassical Thought

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Philip Freneau

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The poem in this section that is a satire on false religions

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