American History Chapter 10: Overview

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The abolition of slavery entitled the South to more seats in the House of Representatives.
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true
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Many Radical Republicans had been abolitionists before the Civil War.
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true
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During Reconstruction, Congress confiscated land from Southern planters and redistributed it to freedmen.
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false
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President Andrew Johnson was hot-tempered and promoted a harsh policy for bringing the South back into the Union.
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false
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President Andrew Johnson opposed the Fourteenth Amendment.
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true
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President Andrew Johnson was impeached and removed from office.
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false
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When Republicans were at the height of their power in the South during Reconstruction, African Americans won the governorship in three Southern states.
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false
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Graft was common in the South during Reconstruction, just as it was in the North.
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true
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Fisk University, Atlanta University, and Morehouse College were part of the network of African American colleges and universities that grew out of academies begun in the South during Reconstruction.
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true
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The Ku Klux Klan Act resulted in thousands of arrests and convictions of Klan members, and many served time in prison.
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false
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To receive a pardon under Lincoln's Reconstruction plan, Southerners had to take an oath of loyalty to the United States and
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accept that slaves were now free
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President Andrew Johnson believed that the _____ caused the Civil War.
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rich planter elite
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Under the Radical Republicans' Reconstruction plan, before former Confederate states could elect people to Congress, they had to
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ratify the Fourteenth Amendment
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President Johnson challenged the Tenure of Office Act by
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firing Secretary of War Stanton
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Several Republican senators joined with the Democrats in voting not to remove President Johnson from office because they believed
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such an act would set a dangerous precedent
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Some scalawags were
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owners of small farms who did not want wealthy planters to regain power
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Originally, the goal of the Ku Klux Klan was to
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drive out Union troops and regain control of the South for the Democratic Party
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Democrats charged that using "sin taxes" to pay off bonds favored the rich because
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the rich held most of the bonds and the poor paid most of the taxes
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Which of the following happened during the Panic of 1873?
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small banks closed
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Reconstruction ended when
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federal troops were removed from the South
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Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction called for
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reconciling with the South rather than punishing it
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Republican reforms in the South included
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the establishment of public schools
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Under Johnson's Reconstruction plan, many members of Congress voted to reject the representatives that Southern voters elected to Congress because they
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were former Confederate leaders
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In 1866 Republicans in Congress knew they could pass their policies, but they also knew that President Johnson could interfere by
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refusing to enforce their laws
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The main charge at President Johnson's impeachment trial was that he had
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broken the law by refusing to uphold the Tenure of Office Act
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In the election of 1868, Ulysses S. Grant won several Southern states because
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the presence of Union troops in the South allowed African Americans to vote
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Some carpetbaggers were
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Northerners who moved to the South to take advantage of the war-torn region
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Ulysses S. Grant believed that the role of the president was to
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carry out the laws
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Horace Greeley was nominated to oppose Grant's reelection by
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the Liberal Republicans
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The election of 1876 initially resulted in no clear winner because
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of widespread election fraud
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Southerners, particularly Democratic Party supporters, referred to Northerners who moved South at the beginning of Reconstruction as
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carpetbaggers
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The _____ was a secret society, started in Pulaski, TN, in 1866 by former Confederate soldiers that rapidly spread throughout the South.
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Ku Klux Klan
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Most tenant farmers became _____, who paid a share of their crops to cover rent and other costs.
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sharecroppers
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What was the overall purpose of black codes passed by the new Southern legislatures?
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to severely limit the rights of African Americans to a state similar to slavery
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What institution, founded in 1867 in Washington, D.C., and named for the head of the Freedmen's Bureau, established the first law school for African Americans?
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Howard University
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How did President Grant react to the rise of the Ku Klux Klan after the Civil War?
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he was outraged and backed legislation outlawing the Klan's activities
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Ulysses S. Grant was elected president in 1868 primarily because he
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had led the North to victory in the Civil War
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The perception that wealthy Americans were gaining too much influence in Grant's administration
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undermined public support for Reconstruction
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Lincoln's plan for Reconstruction offered a general _____, or pardon, to Southerners who abided by certain conditions.
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amnesty
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Lincoln blocked the Wade- Davis Bill with a _____ veto, allowing the secession of Congress to expire without signing the legislation.
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pocket
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After emancipation, formerly enslaved African Americans became known as _____.
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freedmen
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Southerners, particularly Democratic Party supporters, referred to Northerners who moved to the South at the beginning of Reconstruction as _____.
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carpetbaggers
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White Southerners who worked with the Republicans and supported Reconstruction were called _____.
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scalawags
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Gaining money illegally through politics is called _____.
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graft
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Taxes on alcohol and tobacco, emergency measures introduced during the Civil War, were nicknamed _____ taxes.
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sin
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To try to regain control of their state and local governments from Republicans, Southern Democrats called on all whites to "redeem" the South from "_____ Republican" rule.
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black
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passed to prevent Johnson from firing Stanton
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Tenure of Office Act
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allowed African Americans to own property
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Civil Rights of Act of 1866
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intended to keep African Americans in a condition similar to slavery
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black codes
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divided the former Confederacy into five districts
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Military Reconstruction Act
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prohibited states from taking a citizen's life, liberty, or property without due process of law
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Fourteenth Amendment
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declared that no state could deny any person "equal protection of the laws"
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Fourteenth Amendment
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provided authority to arrest members of the Ku Klux Klan
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Enforcement Acts
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intended to combat the violence in the South
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Enforcement Acts
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led to the impeachment of Andrew Johnson
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Tenure of Office Act
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declared that the right to vote "shall not be denied... on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude"
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Military Reconstruction Act
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pocket vetoed the Wade- Davis Bill
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William T. Sherman
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Civil War reputation carried him into the White House
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Ulysses S. Grant
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as freedmen followed his troops during the war, he reserved abandoned plantation land for their use
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Abraham Lincoln
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Radical Republican leader who said his followers wanted to "revolutionize Southern institutions, habits, and manners"
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Thaddeus Stevens
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pardoned thousands of Southerners
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Andrew Johnson
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ended Radical Reconstruction
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Rutherford B. Hayes
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lost the presidential election in the Compromise of 1877
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Samuel Tilden
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nominated for president in 1872 by Liberal Republicans
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Horace Greeley
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Grant's secretary of war who accepted bribes
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William Belknap
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Andrew Johnson's secretary of war
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Edwin M. Stanton
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designed to protect citizen's voting rights and to outlaw the activities of the Ku Klux Klan
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Enforcement Acts
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Reconstruction plan agreed to by moderate and radical Congressmen blocked by a pocket veto by Lincoln
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Wade-Davis Bill
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Senator from Kansas who refused to convict Andrew Johnson of "high crimes and misdemeanors" in office
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Edmund Ross
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economic crisis that caused bank closures, stock market downturn, and severe unemployment
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Panic of 1873
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Senator of Massachusetts who was a leader of the Radical Republicans
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Edmund Ross
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