American History Chapter 10 – Flashcards
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Who made up the first cabinet? Was the cabinet included in the Constitution?
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Appointed by George Washington: Thomas Jefferson - secretary of state Alexander Hamilton - secretary of treasury Henry Knox - secretary of war, not included in the Constitution
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Why did European monarchs fear the example set by the United States?
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The monarchs were afraid the thought of having a seemingly completely free democracy would spread, taking away the little control they had; they also didn't want another revolution
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Why was the Bill of Rights established?
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To protect individual liberties against the potential tyranny of a strong central government
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What amendment is the states' rights amendment?
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10th
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What were the major parts of Alexander Hamilton's economic program?
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the creation of a national bank, funding the entire national debt at "par"(gov. Will pay creditors back with interest),vigorous foreign trade, protective tariffs
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Why did Hamilton believe that the national debt was acceptable?
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because people to whom the government owed money would work hard to make the nation a success
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Which aspect of Hamilton's program received the least support?
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Protective Tariff
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What is the elastic clause? How did Hamilton use it?
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A loose interpretation of the Constitution, the federal government has more power than listed in the Constitution, to create the National Bank (necessary and proper)
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What was the Whiskey Rebellion? Significance? How did it compare to Shay's Rebellion?
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A rebellion of fed up farmers that rebelled against the tax on whiskey, they felt like they had been singled out by taxes- showed how strong the gov. Is and that they will enforce laws
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What was Jefferson's ideal American citizen?
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An independent yeoman farmer
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What happened as a result of the disagreements between Hamilton and Jefferson?
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A bitter rivalry between political parties formed
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As the French Revolution developed in Europe, what was Washington's policy towards the France-American alliance?
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He didn't want any alliances that would lead them into war
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What was the Neutrality Proclamation of 1793?
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Proclaimed the neutrality of America in the widening French Revolution
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What actions did Britain take in the American West that threatened the US?
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Led Indians in the Battle of Fallen Timber and made the Treaty of Greenville signed by the Indians giving them much of the Ohio Valley
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What were the terms of Jay's Treaty? Response in America?
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-US would have to pay off debt to England from pre-revolution days -the British would leave the American frontier posts -war was avoided, very harsh- many hated it and thought southern farmers would end up paying
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How did the United States receive access to the Mississippi River?
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The Pinckney Treaty
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What was significant about Washington's Farewell Address?
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Avoidance of permanent alliances, favoring temporary alliances for extraordinary emergencies
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What precedents did Washington set during his presidency?
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A 2 term tradition for American presidents, central gov established
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Who were the candidates in the election of 1796? Who won?
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John Adams and Thomas Jefferson- John Adams
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What events led the United States and France into undeclared naval war in the late 1790s?
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What was the XYZ affair? American response?
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Adams sent 3 representatives to France to try to work out an agreement, approached by agents wanting a loan and a bribe to just talk to Talleyrand, refused and went home. Americans were happy they made the right choice for America
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Why did Napoleon work out a peace agreement with America?
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He had a lot going on in France (trying to take over Europe) and didn't need a war to deal with too
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Why did Adams do his best to avoid war with France?
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He knew a war would hurt the little strength of the new nation
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What were the Alien and Sedition Acts? How were they received by the Jeffersonians?
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A- to deport dangerous foreigners in times of peace and to deport/imprision them in times of hostility S- provided that anyone went against the policies of gov would be fined heavily and imprisoned, they did not like it
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What were the Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions? Authors? Why did they set a dangerous precedent?
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Explain the major differences between the Federalists and the Democratic-Republicans?
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Aaa
